Anterior spinal artery syndrome

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Anterior spinal artery syndrome

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It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Anterior cord syndrome. (Discuss) Proposed since May 2011.

Anterior spinal artery syndrome
Classification and external resources
Arteries of the brain, brain stem and upper spinal cord (anterior spinal artery at bottom)
ICD-10	I 65.8
ICD-9	433.8
DiseasesDB	33437
eMedicine	neuro/348
MeSH	D020759

Ischemia or infarction of the spinal cord in the distribution of the anterior spinal artery, which supplies the ventral two-thirds of the spinal cord and Medulla.

Contents

1 Causes
2 Presentation
3 Eponym
4 References

Causes

This condition is usually associated with Atherosclerosis of the aorta and may result from dissection of an Aortic aneurysm or rarely dissection of the anterior spinal artery or systemic arteritis.

Presentation

Clinical features include quadriparesis (depending on the level of the injury) and impaired pain and temperature sensation. Complete motor paralysis below the level of the lesion due to interruption of the cortico spinal tract, and loss of pain and temperature sensation at and below the level of the lesion. Proprioception and vibratory sensation is preserved, as it is in the dorsal side of the spinal cord.

Eponym

It is also known as "Beck's syndrome".^[1]^[2]

References

^ synd/755 at Who Named It?
^ K. Beck. Das Syndrom des Verschlusses der vorderen Spinalarterie. Deutsche Zeitschrift für Nervenheilkunde, 1951-1952, 167: 164-186.

CNS disease, Vascular disease: Cerebrovascular diseases (G45–G46 and I60–I69, 430–438)

Brain ischemia/
cerebral infarction
(ischemic stroke/TIA)

TACI, PACI	precerebral: Carotid artery stenosis cerebral: MCA · ACA · Amaurosis fugax Moyamoya disease

POCI	precerebral: Anterior spinal artery syndrome · Vertebrobasilar insufficiency (Subclavian steal syndrome) brainstem: medulla (Medial medullary syndrome, Lateral medullary syndrome) · pons (Medial pontine syndrome/Foville's, Lateral pontine syndrome/Millard-Gubler) · midbrain (Weber's, Benedikt, Claude's) cerebral: PCA · Lacunar stroke · Dejerine–Roussy syndrome cerebellar

General	cerebral: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis · CADASIL · Binswanger's disease · Transient global amnesia

Intracranial hemorrhage
(hemorrhagic stroke)

Extra-axial	Epidural · Subdural · Subarachnoid

Cerebral/Intra-axial	Intraventricular

Brainstem	Duret haemorrhage

Aneurysm

Cerebral aneurysm (Intracranial berry aneurysm, Charcot-Bouchard aneurysm)

Other/general

Cerebral vasculitis

M: CNS

anat(n/s/m/p/4/e/b/d/c/a/f/l/g)/phys/devp

noco(m/d/e/h/v/s)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug(N1A/2AB/C/3/4/7A/B/C/D)

M: VAS

anat(a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot

noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug(C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)

Lesions of spinal cord and brain

Spinal cord/
vascular myelopathy

sensory: Sensory ataxia · Tabes dorsalis

motor: Motor neurone disease

mixed: Brown-Séquard syndrome · cord syndrome (Posterior, Anterior, Central/Syringomyelia) · Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord (B12) · Cauda equina syndrome

Anterior spinal artery syndrome

Brainstem

Medulla (CN 8, 9, 10, 12)	Lateral medullary syndrome/Wallenberg (PICA) · Medial medullary syndrome/Dejerine (ASA)

Pons (CN 5, 6, 7, 8)	Lateral pontine syndrome (AICA) (lateral) · Medial pontine syndrome/Millard-Gubler syndrome (basilar)/Foville's syndrome (dorsal, basilar) · Locked-in syndrome (ventral) · Internuclear ophthalmoplegia · One and a half syndrome

Midbrain (CN 3, 4)	Weber's syndrome (ventral peduncle, PCA) · Benedikt syndrome (ventral tegmentum, PCA) · Parinaud's syndrome (dorsal, tumor) · Nothnagel's syndrome · Claude's syndrome

Other	Alternating hemiplegia

Cerebellum

lateral (Dysmetria, Dysdiadochokinesia, Intention tremor) · medial (Cerebellar ataxia)

Basal ganglia

Chorea · Dystonia · Parkinson's disease

Cortex

ACA syndrome · MCA syndrome · PCA syndrome

frontal lobe: Expressive aphasia · Abulia

parietal lobe: Receptive aphasia · Hemispatial neglect · Gerstmann syndrome · Astereognosis

occipital lobe: Balint's syndrome · Cortical blindness · Pure alexia

temporal lobe: Cortical deafness · Prosopagnosia

Other

Subclavian steal syndrome · Upper motor neurone lesion (Clasp-knife response) · Lower motor neurone lesion

M: CNS

anat(n/s/m/p/4/e/b/d/c/a/f/l/g)/phys/devp

noco(m/d/e/h/v/s)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug(N1A/2AB/C/3/4/7A/B/C/D)

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