| Antoine | |
|---|---|
| King of Navarre | |
 |
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| Reign | 25 May 1555–17 November 1562 |
| Predecessor | Henry II |
| Successor | Jeanne III |
| Spouse | Jeanne III of Navarre |
| Issue | |
| Henry IV of France Catherine, Duchess of Lorraine |
|
| House | House of Bourbon |
| Father | Charles, Duke of Vendôme |
| Mother | Françoise d'Alençon |
| Born | 22 April 1518 La Fère, Picardie, France |
| Died | 17 November 1562 Les Andelys, Eure |
Antoine de Bourbon, duc de Vendôme (22 April 1518 – 17 November 1562), was head of the House of Bourbon from 1537 to 1562, and jure uxoris king of Navarre from 1555 to 1562.
Contents |
Family
He was born at La Fère, Picardie, France, the second son of Charles de Bourbon, duc de Vendôme (1489-1537) and his wife, Françoise d'Alençon (d. 1550).[1] He was the older brother of Louis I de Bourbon, Prince de Condé.
Marriage
On 20 October 1548, at Moulins, he married Jeanne III, Queen regnant of Navarre, daughter of Henry II of Navarre and his wife Margaret of Angoulême.[2] By his marriage, he became Count of Foix, of Bigorre, of Armagnac, of Périgord, and Viscount of Béarn. The Kingdom of Navarre had been occupied by the Spanish since 1512, and Antoine tried to re-establish it. He was ready to sacrifice anything to his political interests.
Religion
Antoine appears not to have had real religious conviction and officially changed religions several times.[3] His reconversion to Catholicism separated him from his wife. He had an affair with Louise de La Béraudière de l'Isle Rouhet, "la belle Rouet," with whom he had a son, Charles III de Bourbon (1554-1610) who became archbishop of Rouen.[4]
Although his brother Louis was the head of the Protestant faction, Antoine spent most of his life fighting for the King of France. Catherine de' Medici, regent for her son Charles IX, named him lieutenant general of the kingdom in 1561.[5] When his wife allowed the Huguenots to sack the chapel of Vendôme and the churches of the town in 1562, he threatened to send her to a convent.[6] She took refuge in Béarn.
Antoine was vain and unstable. He often disappointed his followers and was manipulated by his superiors and out-witted by his adversaries.[citation needed]
He laid siege to Rouen and was mortally wounded on 13 November 1562.[2] He died at Les Andelys, Eure.
Issue
With his wife Jeanne, he had the following issue:
- Henry (1551–1553), Duke of Beaumont
- Henri IV, King of France (1553–1610)
- Louis (1555–1557), Count of Marle
- Madeleine (1556)
- Catherine of Navarre, Duchess of Lorraine (1559–1604). Married Henry I, Duke of Lorraine in 1599.
With his mistress Louise de La Béraudière de l'Isle Rouhet, he had:
Ancestors
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Notes
- ^ Dupuy, Trevor, Curt Johnson and David L. Bongard, The Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography, (Castle Books: Edison, 1992), 98.
- ^ a b Dupuy, Trevor, 98.
- ^ Holt, Mack P., The French wars of religion, 1562-1629, (Cambridge University Press: New York, 2005), 52.
- ^ Bryson, David, Queen Jeanne and the Promised Land, (Koninklijke Brill NV:Leiden, 1999), 219.
- ^ Duruy, Victor, John Franklin Jameson and Mabell Shippie Clarke Smith, A history of France, (Thomas Y. Crowell Co.:New York, 1920), 338.
- ^ Bryson, David, 299.
- ^ Bergin, Joseph, The making of the French episcopate, 1589-1661, (St. Edmundsbury Press Ltd., 1996), 581.
- ^ Dussieux, Louis, Généalogie de la maison de Bourbon: de 1256 à 1871, (Lecoffre et Fils, 1872), 81.
- ^ Achaintre, Nicolas Louis, Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la maison royale de Bourbon, Vol. 2, (Publisher Mansut Fils, 4 Rue de l'École de Médecine, Paris, 1825), 26.
References
- Achaintre, Nicolas Louis, Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la maison royale de Bourbon, Vol. 2, Publisher Mansut Fils, 4 Rue de l'École de Médecine, Paris, 1825.
- Bergin, Joseph, The making of the French episcopate, 1589-1661, St. Edmundsbury Press Ltd., 1996.
- Bryson, David, Queen Jeanne and the Promised Land, Koninklijke Brill NV:Leiden, 1999.
- Dupuy, Trevor, Curt Johnson and David L. Bongard, The Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography, Castle Books: Edison, 1992.
- Duruy, Victor, John Franklin Jameson and Mabell Shippie Clarke Smith, A history of France, Thomas Y. Crowell Co.:New York, 1920.
- Dussieux, Louis, Généalogie de la maison de Bourbon: de 1256 à 1871, Lecoffre Et Fils, 1872.
- Holt, Mack P., The French wars of religion, 1562-1629, Cambridge University Press: New York, 2005.
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Antoine of Navarre
Cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty
Born: 22 April 1518 Died: 17 November 1562 |
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| Navarrese royalty | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Henry II |
De jure uxoris King of Navarre 25 May 1555 – 17 November 1562 with Joan III |
Succeeded by Joan III |
| French nobility | ||
| Preceded by Charles de Bourbon |
Duke of Vendôme 1537 – 17 November 1562 |
Succeeded by Henry III of Navarre |
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