ANZAC Mounted Division
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ANZAC Mounted Division
The Anzac Mounted Division (officially known as the Australian and New Zealand Mounted Division) was a mounted infantry division formed in March 1916 in Egypt during World War I following the Battle of Gallipoli when the Australian and New Zealand regiments returned from fighting in a dismounted role. For the remainder of the war it served in the Middle East, in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign. Commanded by Major General Sir Harry Chauvel from March 1916 to 1917 when Major General Edward Chaytor took command for the remainder of the war.
The title Anzac indicated its composite Australian and New Zealand units and as such was possibly the first official use of this term for this purpose, rather than as a designation for an army corps.[citation needed]
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Composition
The division contained three or four mounted brigades. At its core were the following three brigades:
1st Light Horse Brigade
2nd Light Horse Brigade
3rd Light Horse Brigade
The 3rd Light Horse Brigade was transferred to the Imperial Mounted Division (which became the Australian Mounted Division). The British 22nd Mounted (Yeomanry) Brigade replaced the 3rd Light Horse Brigade until it left for the Yeomanry Mounted Division in July 1917.[1]
New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade
22nd Mounted Brigade (1st North Midland)
- 1/1st Staffordshire Yeomanry (Queen's Own Royal Regiment)
- 1/1st Lincolnshire Yeomanry
- 1/1st East Riding of Yorkshire Yeomanry
Light Horse Field Ambulance
- Australian Light Horse Field Ambulance
- 1st Light Horse Field Ambulance
- 2nd Light Horse Field Ambulance
- 3rd Light Horse Field Ambulance
- New Zealand Mounted Rifles Field Ambulance
Battles
Gallipoli
1st, 2nd and 3rd Light Horse Brigades served dismounted in the New Zealand and Australian Division from 12 May to 18–21 December 1915. The 1st Light Horse saw action at the Chessboard on 7 August while the 3rd Light Horse Brigade fought at the Nek during the August Offensive. The 2nd Light Horse fought near Quinn's Post.[2][3]
The New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade also served at Gallipoli.
Sinai
Palestine
- First Battle of Gaza – 2nd Brigade and NZ Brigade
- Second Battle of Gaza
- Third Battle of Gaza
- Battle of Beersheba
- Battle of Mughar Ridge Action of Ayun Kara
- Battle of Jerusalem First Attack of Nahr el Auja
- Capture of Jericho
- First Transjordan attack on Amman
- Second Transjordan attack on Shunet Nimrin and Es Salt
- Battle of Megiddo
- Third Transjordan capture of Es Salt, Amman 10,000 Ottoman prisoners
Commanders
- Major General Henry G. Chauvel (1916–17)
- Major General Edward Chaytor (1917–19)
Order of battle September 1918
Main article: Battle of Megiddo (1918)
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- 1st Light Horse Brigage (Brigadier General C. F. Cox)
- 1st, 2nd and 3rd Light Horse Regiments
- 2nd Light Horse Brigade (Brigadier General G. de L. Ryrie)
- 5th, 6th and 7th Light Horse Regiments
- New Zealand Mounted Rifle Brigade (Brigadier General W. Meldrum)
- Auckland, Canterbury and Wellington Mounted Rifle Regiments
- 18th Brigade RHA (Inverness, Ayrshire and Somerset Batteries) and Divisional Ammunition Column[4]
- A/263 Battery RFA
- 195th Heavy Battery RGA
- 29th and 32nd Indian Mountain Batteries
- No. 6 (Medium) Trench Mortar Battery
- 3 anti–aircraft sections RA
- Detachment No. 35 AT Company RE.[5]
- 1st Light Horse Brigage (Brigadier General C. F. Cox)
With the following attachments to form Chaytor's Force
- 20th Imperial Service Infantry Brigade
- Four Indian Battalions
- 1st Battalion British West Indies Regiment
- 2nd Battalion British West Indies Regiment
- 38th Battalion Royal Fusiliers (Jewish Battalion)
- 39th Battalion Royal Fusiliers (Jewish Battalion)[6][7][8][9]
See also
References
- ^ Becke, A.F. (1945). History of the Great War: Order of Battle of Divisions: Territorial Force & Mounted Divisions Pt. 2A. London HMSO.
- ^ http://www.awm.gov.au/units/unit_10549.asp
- ^ http://www.awm.gov.au/units/unit_10551.asp>
- ^ Preston 1921, p. 331
- ^ Powles 1922, p. 236
- ^ Keogh 1955, p. 240
- ^ Powles 1922, p. 236
- ^ Wavell 1968, p. 219
- ^ Massey 1920, p. 339
External links
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