Arachis

Arachis
Arachis hypogaea leaves and freshly dug pods
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Fabales
Family:	Fabaceae
Subfamily:	Faboideae
Tribe:	Aeschynomeneae
Genus:	Arachis L.
Species
See text.

Arachis is a genus of about 70 species of annual and perennial flowering plants in the pea family (Fabaceae), native to South America. At least one species, the peanut (Arachis hypogaea), is a major food crop species of global importance; some of the other species are cultivated for food to a small extent in South America. Other species such as A. pintoi are cultivated worldwide as forage and soil conditioner plants, with the leaves providing high-protein feed for grazing livestock and a nitrogen source in agroforestry and permaculture systems.

Arachis species, including the peanut, are used as food plants by some Lepidoptera species, including flame shoulder, nutmeg and turnip moths.^{[citation needed]}

Species

• A. africana Burm.f.
• A. appressipila Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. archeri Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. batizocoi Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. benensis
• A. benthamii Handro
• A. brevipetiolata Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. burchellii Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. burkartii Handro
• A. cardenasii Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. chiquitana Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. correntina (Burkart) Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. cruziana
• A. cryptopotamica Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. dardani Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. decora
• A. diogoi Hoehne
• A. douradiana Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. duranensis Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. giacomettii
• A. glabrata
• A. glandulifera Stalker^{[disambiguation needed ]}
• A. gracilis Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. gregoryi
• A. guaranitica Chodat & Hassl.
• A. hatschbachii Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. helodes Mart. ex Krapov. & Rigoni
• A. hermannii Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. herzogii
• A. hoehnei Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. hypogaea (Peanut)
• A. interrupta Valls & C. E. Simpson
• A. ipaënsis
• A. kempff-mercadoi
• A. kretschmeri Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. kuhlmannii Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. lignosa (Chodat & Hassl.) Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. linearifolia
• A. lutescens Krapov. & Rigoni
• A. macedoi Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. magna
• A. major Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. marginata
• A. martii Handro
• A. matiensis
• A. microsperma
• A. monticola Krapov. & Rigoni
• A. namyquarae Hoehne
• A. oteroi Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. palustris
• A. paraguariensis Chodat & Hassl.
• A. pflugeae
• A. pietrarellii Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. pintoi Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. praecox
• A. prostrata (Grassnut)
• A. pseudovillosa (Chodat & Hassl.) Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. pusilla Benth.
• A. repens Handro
• A. retusa Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. rigonii Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. schininii
• A. seridoënsis
• A. setinervosa Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. simpsonii Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. stenophylla Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. stenosperma Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. subcoriacea Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. sylvestris (A. Chev.) A. Chev.
• A. trinitensis Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. triseminata Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. tuberosa Benth.
• A. valida Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. vallsii Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
• A. villosa Benth.
• A. villosulicarpa Hoehne
• A. williamsii Krapov. & W. C. Greg.

External links

• LegumeWeb: Arachis taxa
• Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter: Morphological characterization of Arachis species of section Arachis
• Gimenes, Marcos A.; Catalina R. Lopes and Jose F. M. Valls (2002). "Genetic relationships among Arachis species based on AFLP". Genetics and Molecular Biology 25 (3): 349. doi:10.1590/S1415-47572002000300017. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1415-47572002000300017&script=sci_arttext&tlng=en. Retrieved 2008-06-20. 

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