Mac Cumhaigh, Art (1738-1773), poet. Born the son of small farmers at Mounthill in the parish of Creggan, Co. Armagh, he worked locally as a labourer and as gardener. Of some twenty-five poems attributed to him more than half are in a metre (trí rainn agus amhrán) specially cultivated by the Ulster poets [see Irish metrics]. Some of his poems were very popular, notably ‘Úr-Chill an Chreagáin’, an aisling. In other aislingí, the conventions of Jacobite poetry are modified by local loyalty to a branch of the O'Neills then in Creggan.
Art Mac Cumhaigh (1738–1773) was, along with Cathal Buí Mac Giolla Ghunna, Peadar Ó Doirnín and Séamas Dall Mac Cuarta, among the most celebrated of the south Ulster and north Leinster poets in the eighteenth century. As with the latter two he was part of the Airgíalla tradition of poetry and song.
It is commonly believed that Mac Cumhaigh was born in Creggan, County Armagh where a branch of the Uí Néill had been the traditional patrons of the poets under the old order. However, the most comprehensive research into Mac Cumhaigh life and works(Ó Fiaich, 1973)could only suggest a birthplace on or near the Louth/Armagh border in or near the parish of Creggan. Mac Cumhaigh eked out a living as a spáilpín, or travelling labourer. Seán Ó Tuama and Thomas Kinsella remark about Mac Cumhaigh's most famous poem, Úr-Chill An Chreagáin, that 'in its simple innocence is a more attractive aisling, perhaps, than some more polished vision-songs by the late eighteenth century Munster poets.' [1] Although in that poem the Stuart Pretender is not mentioned, nor is hope of foreign help coming to free Ireland, a standard in aisling poetry, held out.
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