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Asteroid 4179 Toutatis

 
AnswerNote: Asteroid 4179 Toutatis
Toutatis
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Asteroid 4179 Toutatis was discovered on January 4, 1989 by French astronomers observing Jupiter's satellites. The huge asteroid, which is some 2.9 miles (4.6 kilometers) long and 1.5 miles (2.4 kilometers) wide, was named after a Celtic god who features prominently in the Asterix comic book series popular in France. (Toutatis protects Asterix and his friends, who fear nothing except the possibility that the sky may fall on their heads someday.)

Toutatis has a four-year orbit that extends from just inside the Earth's orbit to the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. It frequently approaches very close to earth. Its closest approach to earth was on September 29, 2004, when it was 962,951 miles (1,549,719 kilometers) away. Since you are reading this entry after this date, you know that the panicky doomsday rumors about an impending collision between Toutatis and the Earth that spread on the Internet during the months leading up to September 2004 were not true. It was said that if Toutatis were to collide with the Earth, it would release energy equivalent to tens of thousands of hydrogen bombs and completely obliterate the light of the sun.

Last updated: March 06, 2005.

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4179 Toutatis
Toutatis.jpg
1996 NASA image
Discovery
Discovered by Christian Pollas
Discovery date January 4, 1989
Designations
Alternate name 1934 CT; 1989 AC
Minor planet
category
Apollo, Alinda,
Mars-crosser
Epoch October 22, 2004 (JD 2453300.5)
Aphelion 616.914 Gm (4.128 AU)
Perihelion 137.739 Gm (0.934 AU)
Semi-major axis 377.326 Gm (2.531 AU)
Eccentricity 0.630
Orbital period 1471.15 d (4.03 a)
Average orbital speed 16.69 km/s
Mean anomaly 219.29°
Inclination 0.445°
Longitude of ascending node 124.45°
Argument of perihelion 279.65°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions 4.5×2.4×1.9 km
Mass 5.0×1013 kg
Mean density 2.1 g/cm³
Equatorial surface gravity 0.0010 m/s²
Escape velocity 0.0019 km/s
Rotation period 5.41 to 7.33 d[1]
Albedo 0.13[1]
Temperature ~174 K
Spectral type S
Absolute magnitude (H) 15.30[1]

4179 Toutatis/1989 AC (pronounced /tuːˈtɑːtɨs/ too-taa'-tis) is an Apollo, Alinda, and Mars-crosser asteroid with a chaotic orbit produced by a 3:1 resonance with the planet Jupiter and 1:4 resonance with the planet Earth.[2] Due to its very low orbital inclination (0.47°) and its orbital period of very nearly 4 years, Toutatis makes frequent close approaches to Earth, with a currently minimum possible distance (Earth MOID) of just 0.006 AU (2.3 times as far as the Moon).[1] The approach on September 29, 2004 was particularly close, at 0.0104 AU (within 4 lunar distances) from Earth, presenting a good opportunity for observation. The most recent close approach (at 0.0502 AU) happened on November 9, 2008 at 12:23 UTC.[3][4] The low inclination of the orbit allows frequent transits, where the inner planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars can appear to cross the Sun. Earth did this in January 2009, and will also do it in 2012, 2016, and 2020.[5]

Its rotation combines two separate periodic motions into a non-periodic result; to someone on the surface of Toutatis, the Sun would seem to rise and set in apparently random locations and at random times at the asteroid's horizon.

It was first sighted on February 10, 1934 as object 1934 CT and then promptly lost. It remained a lost asteroid for several decades until it was recovered on January 4, 1989 by Christian Pollas, and was named after the Celtic god Toutatis/Teutates, known to popular culture as Astérix's village-god.

Radar imagery has shown that Toutatis is a highly irregular body consisting of two distinct "lobes", with maximum widths of about 4.6 km and 2.4 km respectively. It is hypothesized that Toutatis formed from two originally separate bodies which coalesced at some point, with the resultant asteroid being compared to a "rubble pile".

A 3D model of the different faces of Toutatis

Contents

Dual resonances

Toutatis has a 3:1 orbital resonance with Jupiter and a 1:4 resonance with Earth.[2][6]

See also

References

External links


 
 

 

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