Augustamnica
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Augustamnica
Augustamnica (Latin) or Augoustamnikai (Greek) was a Roman province of Egypt[1] created during the 5th century and was part of the Diocese of Oriens first and then of the Diocese of Egypt, until the Muslim conquest of Egypt in the 640s. Augustamnica was later used as a suffix for provinces of the modern Catholic Church.
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Augustamnica
The province was instituted in tetrarchic times with the name of Aegyptus Herculia (for Diocletian's colleague Maximian) with ancient Memphis as capital (315-325), but later re-merged in Aegyptus. In 341 the province was reconstituted, but the name was changed into Augustamnica to remove pagan connotations. It consisted of the Eastern part of the Nile delta and the ancient Heptanomia, and belonged to the Diocese of Oriens.[2][3]
Augustamnica was the only Egyptian province under a Corrector, a lower ranking governor.
Around 381 the provinces of Egypt become a diocese in their own, and so Augustamnica become part of the Diocese of Egypt. Between 386 and the end of the 4th century the new province of Arcadia, named after Emperor Arcadius, was created with territory from Augustamnica, the Heptanomia;[3] Augustamnica's capital was moved to Pelusium.
From the military point of view, the province was under the Comes limitis Aegypti. According to the Notitia dignitatum, the province hosted several military units: the Ala secunda Ulpia Afrorum at Thaubasteos, the Ala secunda Aegyptiorum at Tacasiria, the Cohors prima sagittariorum at Naithu, the Cohors prima Augusta Pannoniorum at Tohu, the Cohors prima Epireorum at Castra Iudaeorum, the Cohors quarta Iuthungorum at Affroditus, the Cohors secunda Ituraeorum at Aiy, the Cohors secunda Thracum at Muson and the Cohors quarta Numidarum at Narmunthi.[4]
Augustamnica I and II
Before 539, Augustamnica was dived into 2 provinces: Augustamnica Prima (First - North) and Augustamnica Secunda (Second - South).[3]
Augustamnica Prima had Pelusium as metropolis (administrative centre) and was under a Corrector, who governed the following cities: Pelusium, Setroithes (or Sethroitis), Tanis, Thmuis, Rhinocorura, Ostracine (or Ostracina), Pentaschoinon, Casium, Aphnaion, Ephaestos (or Hephaestus), Panephysis, the Tents outside Gerra, the Tents inside Gerra, Thennesus, Panephusis.[5]
It was also home to a number of Catholic titular sees including (but not limited to): Casium, Damiata, Hephaestus, Ostracine, Phacusa, Thennesus, Thmuis.
Augustamnica Secunda was home of the titular sees Pharbaetus and Leontopolis.
Modern Catholic Church
In 1658, the Catholic Church established the Titular Episcopal See of Heliopolis in Augustamnica in Egypt which lasted until 1935.[6]
In 1854 the church established the Titular Metropolitan See of Leontopolis in Augustamnica, also in Egypt which lasted until 1970.[7]
Notes
- ^ [Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, p. 102]
- ^ Alan K. Bowman, Egypt after the pharaohs: 332 BC-AD 642. From Alexander to the Arab Conquest, University of California Press, 1996, ISBN 0-520-20531-6, p. 79.
- ^ a b c Cameron, p. 613.
- ^ Notitia Dignitatum In partibus Orientis, XXVIII.
- ^ Georgius Cyprius, 685-700; Hierocles, Synecdemos 726:3-727:6.
- ^ gcatholic.com
- ^ gcatholic.com
References
- Averil Cameron, Bryan Ward-Perkins, Michael Whitby, Late antiquity: empire and successors, A.D. 425-600, Cambridge University Press, 2000, ISBN 0-521-32591-9
See also
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