| Balthazar Johannes
Vorster |
|
6th State President of South
Africa
|
In office
1978 – 1979 |
| Preceded by |
Marais Viljoen (acting) |
| Succeeded by |
Marais Viljoen |
|
In office
1966 – 1978 |
| Preceded by |
Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd |
| Succeeded by |
P.W. Botha |
|
| Born |
December 13 1915(1915--)
Eastern Province |
| Died |
September 10 1983 (aged 67)
|
| Political party |
National Party |
Balthazar Johannes Vorster (December 13, 1915 -
September 10, 1983), better known as John Vorster
("FOUR-stir"), was Prime Minister of South
Africa from 1966 to 1978, and President from 1978 to 1979.
In Vorster's younger years, he attracted notoriety by opposing South Africa's intervention on the side of the Allies in
World War II, and speaking favourably of the Nazi regime of
Adolf Hitler, whose dictatorial government he regarded as a better model for South Africa
than the Westminster parliamentary (cabinet) system. He rose to the rank of General
in the paramilitary wing of the Ossewabrandwag. In 1942 he was interned for his Nazi sympathies and ties with the paramilitary.
Following his release, Vorster became active in the National Party,
which began implementing the policy of Apartheid in
1948. Although racial discrimination in favour of whites had long been a central fact of South
African politics and society, the National Party institutionalized it.
In 1953, Vorster was elected to parliament. He was a member of parliament during the terms of
prime ministers D.F. Malan, J.G.
Strijdom and Dr Hendrik Verwoerd. Dr Hendrik Verwoerd appointed him
Minister of Justice in 1961. Vorster's past as a draft-dodger and Nazi sympathizer came back to
haunt him. Vorster answered his critics by saying that he had now "come to believe in" the parliamentary system.
When Prime Minister Verwoerd was assassinated in 1966, Vorster was chosen by the National Party
to replace him. He continued Verwoerd's implementation of apartheid legislation, and in 1968
abolished the last four parliamentary seats that had been reserved for white representatives of Coloured (mixed race) voters.
Vorster was somewhat more pragmatic than his predecessors when it came to foreign policy, however. He alienated an extremist
faction of his National Party by pursuing diplomatic relations with African countries, and by agreeing to let Black African
diplomats live in White areas. He unofficially supported, but refused to recognize officially, the neighbouring state of
Rhodesia, which was ruled by a white minority government that had rebelled against British
rule. Vorster followed White public opinion in South Africa by supporting Rhodesia publicly, but was unwilling to alienate
important political allies in the United States by extending diplomatic recognition to Rhodesia. In 1974, he forced the Rhodesian Prime Minister, Ian Smith, to accept in principle
that white minority rule could not continue there indefinitely. Many considered Vorster a traitor. His domestic policy did not
match his foreign policy, however; he was ruthless in suppressing anti-apartheid dissent.
Vorster retired as Prime Minister in 1978, after twelve years in office. It was widely rumoured
that he had by this time taken to the bottle and that this had affected his abilities. He was succeeded by P.W. Botha, a hardliner who nevertheless began the first reforms to moderate the apartheid system.
Following his retirement as Prime Minister, Vorster was elected to the largely honorary position of State President. His tenure in that office, however, was short-lived. In what came to be
known as the Muldergate Scandal, so-named after Dr Connie Mulder, the Cabinet minister at the centre of it, Vorster was implicated in the use of a secret
slush-fund to establish The Citizen, the only major English language newspaper that was favourable to the National Party. A commission of inquiry concluded
in mid-1979 that Vorster "knew everything" about the corruption and had tolerated it. He resigned
from the presidency in disgrace. He died in 1983, aged 67 years.
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