The word bacillus (plural bacilli) may be used to describe any rod-shaped bacterium, and such bacilli are found in many different taxonomic groups of bacteria. However, the name Bacillus, capitalized and italicized, refers to a specific genus of bacteria. The name Bacilli, capitalized but not italicized, can also refer to a more specific taxonomic class of bacteria that includes two orders, one of which contains the genus Bacillus.
Bacilli are usually solitary, but can combine to form diplobacilli, streptobacilli, and palisades.[1]
There is no connection between the shape of a bacterium and its colors in the Gram staining. MacConkey agar can be used to distinguish among Gram negative bacilli.[2]
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