Baghdad Eyalet
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Baghdad Eyalet
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Baghdad Eyalet was an Iraqi eyalet of the Ottoman Empire centered around Baghdad. Its reported area in the 19th century was 62,208 square miles (161,120 km2).[2]
History
Ismail I took the Baghdad region from the Aq Qoyunlu in 1508.[3] After the Safavid takeover, Sunni Muslims, Jews and Christians became targets of persecution, and were killed for being infidels.[3] In addition, Shah Ismail ordered the destruction of the grave of Abu Hanifa, founder of the Hanafi school of law which the Ottomans adopted as their official legal guide.[3]
In 1534, Baghdad was captured by the Ottoman Empire,[3] and the eyalet was established in 1535.[4] Under the Ottomans, Baghdad fell into a period of decline,[citation needed] partially as a result of the enmity between its rulers and Shia Safavid Empire to the east, which did not accept the Sunni control of the city. Between 1623 and 1638, it was once again in Iranian hands. It was recaptured by the Ottomans in 1638.[3]
For a time, Baghdad had been the largest city in the Middle East. The city saw relative revival in the latter part of the 18th century under a largely autonomous Mamluk government. Direct Ottoman rule was reimposed by Ali Ridha Pasha in 1831. From 1851-1852 and from 1861–1867, Baghdad was governed, under the Ottoman Empire by Mehmed Namık Pasha. The Nuttall Encyclopedia reports the 1907 population of Baghdad as 185,000.
Administrative divisions
Sanjaks of Baghdad Eyalet in the 17th century:[5]
Seven of the eighteen Sanjaks of this eyalet were divided into ziamets and Timars:
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The other eleven sanjaks had no ziamets or Timars and were entirely in the power of their possessors:
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References
- ^ Commercial statistics: A digest of the productive resources, commercial... By John Macgregor at Google Books
- ^ The Popular encyclopedia: or, conversations lexicon, Volume 6 at Google Books
- ^ a b c d e Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire at Google Books By Gábor Ágoston, Bruce Alan Masters
- ^ An Historical Geography of the Ottoman Empire at Google Books
- ^ Narrative of travels in Europe, Asia, and Africa in the ..., Volume 1 at Google Books By Evliya Çelebi, Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall
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