Banten

Banten
—  Province  —
Seal
Motto: Iman Taqwa (Faith and Piety)
Location of Banten in Indonesia
Coordinates: 6°30′S 106°15′E / 6.5°S 106.25°E / -6.5; 106.25Coordinates: 6°30′S 106°15′E / 6.5°S 106.25°E / -6.5; 106.25
Country	Indonesia
Capital	Serang
Government
• Governor	Ratu Atut Chosiyah
Area
• Total	9,162.92 km2 (3,537.82 sq mi)
Population (2010)
• Total	10,644,030
• Density	1,200/km2 (3,000/sq mi)
Demographics
• Ethnic groups	Bantenese (47%), Sundanese (23%), Javanese (12%), Betawi (10%), Chinese (1%) [1]
• Religion	Islam (96.6%), Protestant (1.2%), Catholic (1%), Buddhism (0.7%), Hindu (0.4%)[citation needed]
• Languages	Sundanese, Javanese, Indonesian
Time zone	WIB (UTC+7)
Website	Official Site, Research and Development Agency

Banten is a province of Indonesia in Java. Formerly part of the Province of West Java, it was made a separate province in 2000. The administrative center is Serang. Preliminary results from the 2010 census counted some 10,644,030 people.^[2] Jabodetabek (Greater Jakarta) covers the eastern part of the province.

Geography

Banten province lies between 5°7'50" and 7°1'11" south latitude and 105°1'11" and 106°7'12" east longitude.^[3] The province has an area of 9,162.92 km² and consists of 4 cities and 4 districts, sub-divided into 140 districts, 262 urban villages and 1242 villages.

Banten is located along the Sunda Strait amongst strategic sea lanes through which large ships can pass linking Australia and New Zealand to Southeast Asia. Banten’s ports accommodate the excess capacity of sea ports in Jakarta and is intended to be an alternative port of Singapore.^{[citation needed]}

Borders

Banten has sea borders to its north, (the Java Sea), to its west (the Sunda Strait), and to the south (the Indian Ocean). The Special Capital Region of Jakarta and the province of West Java border Banten to its east.

Topography

574,090 hectares or 65 % of Banten is classified as flat, 186,320 hectares (21%) is classified as corrugated with slopes of between 2 % and 15 % steepness, while the remaining 118,471 hectares (13%) is classified as steep with slopes over 15 %.^{[citation needed]}

History

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

Banten City, year 1724

In the 5th century, Banten was part of the Kingdom of Tarumanagara. The Lebak relic inscriptions, found in lowland villages on the edge of Ci Danghiyang, Munjul, Pandeglang, Banten, were discovered in 1947 and contains 2 lines of poetry with Pallawa script and Sanskrit language.^{[citation needed]} The inscriptions speak of the courage of king Purnawarman.^{[citation needed]} After the collapse of the kingdom Tarumanagara following attack by Srivijaya, power in the western Java fell to the Kingdom of Sunda. The Chinese source, Chu-fan-chi, written circa 1200, Chou Ju-kua mentioned that in the early 13th Century, Srivijaya still ruled Sumatra, the Malay peninsula, and western Java (Sunda). The source identifies the port of Sunda as strategic and thriving, pepper from Sunda being among the best in quality. The people worked in agriculture and their houses were built on wooden poles (rumah panggung). However, robbers and thieves plagued the country.^[4] It was highly possible that the port of Sunda mentioned by Chou Ju-kua was probably refer to the port of Banten.

According to Portuguese explorer, Tome Pires, in the early 16 th century the port of Bantam (Banten) was one of the important ports of the Kingdom of Sunda, along with the ports of Pontang, Cheguide (Cigede), Tangaram (Tangerang), Calapa (Sunda Kelapa) and Chimanuk (estuarine of Cimanuk river).^[5]

In 1527, just as the Portuguese fleet was arriving of the coast, newly converted Javanese muslims under Sunan Gunungjati captured the port and surrounding area from Sunda and established the Sultanate of Banten. As the center of this sultanate, as reported by J. de Barros, Banten was a major port in Southeast Asia, parallel to the Malacca and Makassar. The city of Banten was located in the mid-coast of the bay, which is up to three miles wide; the city was 850 fathoms in length. In the seaside town of 400 fathoms in length; enter into it longer. Through the middle of town there is a clear river, where the ship type and gale junks could sail through. Throughout the suburbs there is a tributary, the river is not how large it was only small boats can only sail through. In a suburb was a fortress whose walls were made of brick and was seven palms wide. Defense buildings made of wood, consisting of two levels, and armed with good weapons. In the middle of town square is used for the benefit of military activities and folk art and as a market in the morning. The king's palace was located in the southern part of the square. Beside the building is elevated and flat-roofed, called Srimanganti, which is used as the king of face to face with people. To the west of the square was built a great mosque.

In the early 17th century AD, Banten was one of the important commercial centres in the international trade routes in Asia. Modern administration and governance port very supportive for the growth of the economic community. Its territory includes the area which is now the province of Lampung in southern Sumatra.

When the Dutch arrived in Indonesia for the first time, the Portuguese had long been in Banten. Then the English founded a factory in Banten and were followed by the Dutch. In addition, the French and Danes also came to trade in Banten. In the competition between the European traders, the Dutch emerged as the winner. The Portuguese fled from Banten in (1601), after their fleet was destroyed by the Dutch fleet off the coast of Banten.

Administrative division

Banten is subdivided into 4 regencies and 4 autonomous cities, listed below with their (provisional) populations at the 2010 Census.

* The 2000 Census population for Serang city is included in the figure for Serang Regency.

# The 2000 Census population for South Tangerang city is included in the figure for Tangerang Regency.

Notes:

• Tangerang Regency capital was in the city of Tangerang until that city was separated from the Regency.
• Tangerang city was formed as an autonomous city on 27 February 1993 out of the Tangerang Regency. Tangerang was previously an administrative city within that Regency.
• South Tangerang city was established as an autonomous city on 29 October 2008 out of the Tangerang Regency. The name previously was Cipasera city.
• Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT) recommends Ciruas as the new Serang capital center location.
• Cilegon city was formed as an autonomous city on 10 April 1999 out of the Serang Regency. Cilegon previously was an administrative city within that Regency.
• Serang city was incorporated as an autonomous city in November 2007 out of the Serang Regency.

List of governors

At the time of the formation of Banten Province, Djamal Hakamudin was appointed as the first Governor by the Indonesian central government. In the year 2002 the DPRD Banten chose Djoko Munandar and Ratu Atut Chosiyah as Governor and Deputy Governor of Banten respectively. In early 2006, Ratu Atut Chosiyah was appointed as Executing Task Governor. Finally, on 6 December 2006 a direct Regional Head Election was held, which was won by Ratu Atut Choisiyah as Governor and Mohammad Masduki as Deputy Governor; both served in the period 2007-2011.

Economy and population

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

This section may require copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling. You can assist by editing it. (May 2012)

In 2006, the population numbered 9,351,470 inhabitants Banten, the ratio of 3,370,182 inhabitants (36.04%) of children, 240,742 inhabitants (2.57%) advanced age, the remaining 5,740,546 people aged between 15 to 64 year. Gross Regional Domestic Product (GDP) in 2005 the majority came from the manufacturing industry (49.75%), followed by trade, hotels and restaurants (17.13%), transport and communication (8.58%) and agriculture are only 8, 53%. But in terms of employment, 23.11% industry absorb labor, followed by agriculture (21.14%), commerce (20.84%) and transport / communications that only 9.50%.

Transportation

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

Road

Until the year 2006, the condition of national roads along the 249.246 km are in good condition, 214.314 km in the conditions and all were 26.840 in damaged condition. Provincial road conditions until the end of 2006 with a total length of 889.01 km road is in good condition for 203.670 km, 380.020 km condition and the damaged condition of 305.320 km.

National roads in the area of Banten province currently has a traffic volume of an average of 0.7 which means that the smooth flow of traffic is disrupted because of the trading activities / markets, factory / industrial, shopping centers along the way and the capacity a limited way because the road width of approximately 7 meters at the national roads in North Jakarta (Merak-Tangerang) and a segment-Limit Ciputat DKI.

Performance of service roads on provincial roads are generally quite good with the ratio of traffic volume of an average capacity of 0.4. Traffic congestion on local generally occurs in the center-community center.

Bus Stations

The bus stations in the province serve as transportation nodes. There are 4 (four) main bus stations in Banten province: Pakupatan Serang, Porisplawad Tangerang, Labuan Pandeglang and Merak Cilegon

Public transport

To serve the movement of passengers and goods within the province of Banten, there are public transport Inter-City Transport in the province is still served by small vehicles and is still felt in not operate optimally integrated. There are 63 routes with the number of vehicles that serve as many as 3788 Inter-Provincial City in cross-Kab / Kota Tangerang. As for cross Inter-city in the province (AKDP) Serang, Cilegon, Pandeglang and Lebak route served by the number 66 of 1436 vehicles. To reach areas that are not yet available public transportation, there are several transportation lines serving the pioneer Cikeusik-Muara Sp.Bayah-Binuangeun-Cikotok-Kurai-Sand Cibareno with distance along the 106 km. Transportation is served by the pioneering pieces 2 medium-size buses DAMRI (Dept Motor Transport of the Republic of Indonesia)

Railways

Until 2005, the total railway lines along the 305.9 miles, only 48% is a rail line that still operates with an average amount of movement of passenger trains about 22 trains / day and a freight train as many as 16 trains / day. Steady depletion of these facilities service implications for the declining trend is also on the number of passengers and goods transportation. Railway network in the area of Banten province along 305.90 km is single track 'which consists of cross-Merak operations Tanah Abang, Tangerang-Duri, Cilegon-Cigading along 141.6 kilometers and cross no operations Labuan Rangkasbitung, Saketi-Bayah and Cigading-Anyer South along the 164.3 km.

Sea Transportation

In Banten province, there are 6 (five) ports consisting of 3 ports is Merak, Ciwandan and Bojonegara. and 3 (three) ports that are not composed of cultivated Karangantu Harbor, Bojonegara and Labuan Harbour.

Air Transportation

Soekarno-Hatta International Airport nationally is the main airport in Indonesia as the entrance gate of goods and passengers from within and outside the country. Besides, there are also other airports such as Pondok Cabe airport and the Airport in Tangerang and Budiarto Gorda Airport in Serang district. Pondok cabe Airport is the airport to the activities 'general aviation', Budiarto airport is the airport used for flight training activities. While Gorda airport is used as a military airport.

Tourist attractions in Banten

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

This section may require copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling. You can assist by editing it. (May 2012)

Ujung Kulon National Park

Ujung Kulon is one of the national parks and nature conservation sites in Indonesia. The One-horned rhino is an endemic species in this reserve. Ujung Kulon consists of several small islands including Peucang Island, Handeuleum Island, and Panaitan Island. The highest point is Mount Honje. The characteristics of this national park are its role as a natural habitat for various types of protected animals such as the Java rhinoceros, deer, antelope, banteng, various primates, wild boar, jungle cats, lemurs, and many kinds of birds.

The area can be reached through the village of Panimbangan or boat to one of the existing islands. Ujung Kulon is equipped with various means of telecommunication networks, electricity, and clean water. Tourism facilities such as accommodation, information center, tourist guides, and transportation also available. UNESCO has declared the area as a World Heritage Site in 1991.

Mount Krakatoa in Sunda Strait.

Pulau Dua / Pulau Burung (Bird Island)

The main attraction of this area is the natural beauty of the ocean reef groups, various types of sea fish, and of course many kinds of birds. Luas kawasan ini sekitar 30 ha. The area is about 30 ha. Every year between April and August, the island is visited by thousands of birds from 60 species originating from various countries. About forty thousand birds are flying from the continent of Australia, Asia, and Africa.

Pulau Dua can be achieved with traditional boat or motor boat in 15 to 30 minutes through the sawah Luhur, Kasemen. in this area, have available the means of electricity networks, telecommunications, and water.

Pulau Umang (Umang Island)

Umang Island has an area of about 5 ha, and located in the tourist area of Pandeglang beach, adjacent to the tourist area of Cape Lesung. This tourist resort is managed by a private company that provides a variety of recreational and entertainment facilities are attractive. On this island, there is a resort that is set up with a natural artistic touch, equipped with meeting rooms, cafe, spa, business center, sunset lounge, beach club, swimming pool and so on. In addition, available facilities and recreational water sports, jogging track, cross country, tennis court, karaoke, and others. We can go to this island with relative ease.

Mount Karakatoa

Mount Krakatau is located in the waters of the Sunda Strait. It is one of the most famous volcanoes in the world, because of the tremendous eruption in 1883. The noise of the eruption could be heard as far away as on the Australian continent, and the ash clouds affected the skies in Europe for a week. The Krakatoa explosion decimated the original volcano; a new volcanic cone is developing in the caldera: Anak Krakatoa ('child of Krakatoa') which surfaced in 1928 which still remains active. Located in the Sunda Strait, nature tourism on the new volcanic peak is easily reached from Anyer-Carita beach, about an hour's travel by motor boat. This resort offers nature tours such as camping, hiking, fishing, and snorkelling.

Rawadano

Rawadano or other name Lake Wetlands Nature Preserve is located in Serang district, and is 101 km from Jakarta. This area is an area dominated marshes, there is also a lake. The area is approximately 2,500 hectares of overgrown by various types of trees. The island is a nesting place for various types of animals reptiles, like snakes and crocodiles. No less than 250 species of birds living in this area.

See also

Indonesia portal

References

External links

• Official website (Indonesian)
• Research and Development Agency (Indonesian)

v t e Regencies and cities of Banten Capital: Serang Regencies Lebak Pandeglang Serang Tangerang Cities Cilegon Serang Tangerang South Tangerang See also: List of regencies and cities of Indonesia