Barabanki district

Barabanki district बाराबंकी ज़िला بارابنکی ‏ضلع
Land of saints & sages
—  district  —
Barabanki district Location of Barabanki district in Uttar Pradesh and India
Coordinates	26°55′N 81°12′E / 26.92°N 81.20°E / 26.92; 81.20Coordinates: 26°55′N 81°12′E / 26.92°N 81.20°E / 26.92; 81.20
Country	India
Region	Awadh
State	Uttar Pradesh
Division	Faizabad
District(s)	Barabanki
Subdistrict(s)	Nawabganj Fatehpur Ramsanehi Ghat Haidergarh Ram Nagar Sirauli Ghauspur
Headquarters	Barabanki
District Magistrate	Vikas Gothalwal , IAS
Superintendent of Police	Praveen Kumar, IPS
Parliamentary constituency	3
Assembly constituency	8
Civic agency	Public Works Department (disambiguation)
Population • Density	2,673,581http://censusindia.gov.in/Dist_File/datasheet-0946.pdf (2011[update]) • 686.50 /km2 (1,778 /sq mi)
Sex ratio	887 ♂/♀
Literacy • Male • Female	47.39%  • 58.85% • 34.29%
Official languages	Hindi, Urdu
Time zone	IST (UTC+05:30)
Area • Elevation	3894.5 km2 (1504 sq mi) • 125 metres (410 ft)
Climate • Precipitation Temperature • Summer • Winter	Cfa (Köppen) •      1,050 mm (41 in) •      43.0 °C (109.4 °F) •      3.3 °C (37.9 °F)
Codes • Pincode • 225 xxx • Telephone • +5248 • Vehicle • UP 41
ISO 3166-2	IN-UP-BB
Footnotes Location coordinates[1] Data[2]
Website	http://barabanki.nic.in

The Barabanki district (Hindi: बाराबंकी ज़िला, Urdu: بارابنکی ‏ضلع) is one of four districts of Faizabad division, lies at the very heart of Awadh region of Uttar Pradesh state of India, and forms as it were a centre from which no less than seven other districts radiate. It is situated between 27°19' and 26°30' north latitude, and 80°05' and 81°51’ east longitude; it runs in a south-easterly direction, confined by the nearly parallel streams of the Ghagra and Gomti. With its most northern point it impinges on the Sitapur district, while its north-eastern boundary is washed by the waters of the Ghagra, beyond which lie the districts of Bahraich district and Gonda district. Its eastern frontier marches with Faizabad district, and the Gomti forms a natural boundary to the south, dividing it from the Sultanpur district. On the west it adjoins the Lucknow district. The extreme length of the district from east to west may be taken at 57 mi (92 km), and the extreme breadth at 58 mi (93 km); the total area is about 1,504 sq mi (3,900 km²): its population amounts to 2,673,581, being at the rate of 686.50 to the square km. The Barabanki city is the district headquarters. Barabanki district has been known to be a favourite haunt of saints and ascetics, literatteurs and intellectuals, besides being a battlefield for freedom fighters.

The district under British rule had an area of 1,769 sq mi (4,580 km²). In 1856 it came, with the rest of Oudh, under British rule. During the Sepoy war of 1857-1858 the whole of the Bara Banki talukdars joined the mutineers, but offered no serious resistance after the capture of Lucknow.^[3]

It stretches out in a level plain interspersed with numerous jhils or marshes. In the upper part of the district the soil is sandy, while in the lower part it is clayey and produces finer crops. The district is well fed by rivers Ghaghra (forming the northern boundary), Gomti (flowing through the middle of the district) and Kalyani and their tributaries, for the major part of the year. Some rivers dry out in the summer, and get flooded during the rainy season, creating havoc. The changing course of the river Ghagra changes the land area in the district, year to year.

The principal crops are rice, wheat, pulse and other food-grains and sugarcane. Trade in agricultural produce is active. Both the bordering rivers are navigable; and the district is traversed by two lines of the Northern Railway and North-Eastern Railway, with branches having total length of 131 km.^[4] It has good road connectivity also including National Highways (NH 24A, NH 28, NH 28C & NH 56A), State Highways and various link roads.

The minority population in the district is over 24 per cent.^[5]

Contents 1 History 1.1 Legends 1.1.1 Ramayan era 1.1.2 Mahabahrat era 1.2 Pre-historic 1.3 After 1000 till 1525 1.4 Mughal era (1526–1732) 1.5 Nawabs of Awadh (1732-1856) 1.6 1857 war of independence 1.7 British (1858-1947) 1.8 Independence movement 2 Geography 2.1 Location & boundaries 2.2 Area 2.3 Topography 2.4 River system and water resources 2.4.1 Ghaghra 2.4.2 Gomti 2.4.3 Kalyani 2.4.4 Jamuriha and Reth 2.4.5 Tanks and jhils 2.5 Geology 2.5.1 Climate 3 Flora and fauna 3.1 Flora 3.1.1 Groves 3.2 Fauna 3.2.1 Birds 3.2.2 Reptiles 3.2.3 Fish 4 Administration and Divisions 4.1 Administrative set up 4.1.1 Land administration 4.1.2 Development 4.2 Law & order 4.3 Urban 4.4 Electoral 4.4.1 Parliament & State Assembly 4.4.2 State Council 5 Basic ameneties 5.1 Land transport 5.2 Railway 5.3 Communication services 5.4 Public distribution system 5.5 Electricity 5.6 Water supply 5.7 Entertainment 6 Demographics 6.1 Languages 7 Economy 7.1 Agriculture 7.2 Industry 7.3 Banking 8 Culture 8.1 Cultural heritage 8.2 Notable personalities 8.2.1 Royalty 8.2.2 Defence 8.2.3 Sports 8.2.4 Literary 8.2.4.1 Sant 8.2.4.2 Sufi 8.2.4.3 Hindi/Awadhi 8.2.4.4 Urdu/Persian (19th century) 8.2.4.5 Urdu/Persian (20th century) 8.2.5 Politicians 8.2.6 Others 9 Education 9.1 COMPETITION INSTITUTE 9.2 Schools & Intermediate colleges 9.3 Degree college 9.4 Engineering college 9.5 Polytechnic institute 9.6 Medical/Dental Hospitals & Colleges 9.7 Other professional institutions 10 Health services 10.1 Hospitals 10.2 Nursing homes 11 References 12 External links

History

The district of Barabanki also known as the Entrance to Poorvanchal, has the privilege of being the penance ground to numerous saints and ascetics. This is a place of great antiquity.

There are several ancient sayings to the naming of this district. It was known before the Muslim conquest as Jasnaul, from Jas, a raja of the Bhar tribe, who is said to have founded it before 1000 AD. With a change of proprietors came a change of name. The Muslim owners divided the lands into twelve shares, over which the respective proprietors quarrelled so incessantly that they were called the Barah Banke, or twelve quarrelsome men. Banka, in Awadhi, meaning a bully or brave. Others derive the name from ban, meaning wood or jungle, and interpret Barabanki as the twelve shares of jungle.^[3]

District Barabanki was known as Dariyabad with its headquarters at Dariyabad town established by an officer in the army of Mohammed Shah Shariqi by the name Dariab Khan. It remained the district headquarters till 1858 AD,^[6] The headquarters were later moved to Nawabganj in 1859 AD. the other popular name of Barabanki.^[3]

Legends

Ramayan era

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

It is said that in ancient times this district was part of the kingdom ruled by Suryavanshi kings, whose capital was Ayodhya. King Dashrath and his famous son, Ram were of this dynasty. Guru Vashisht was their Kulguru, and he preached and taught the young royal princes of the dynasty at Satrikh, initially known as Saptrishi.

Mahabahrat era

This district was under the rule of the Chandravanshi kings for a very long period. During the Mahabharat era, it was part of the 'Gaurav Rajya' and this part of land was known by the name Kurukshetra. Pandav along with their mother Kunti had spent some time on the banks of river Ghaghra during their exile.

Parijaat tree a sacred baobab tree in the village of Kintoor on the banks of Ghaghra.^[7] Near a temple (known as Kunteshwar Mahadev temple) established by Kunti, is a special tree called Parijaat which is said to grow from Kunti's ashes.^[8] Historically, though these saying may have some bearing or not, but it is true that this tree is from a very ancient background.^[9]

Bazaar Dharam Mandi (Dhamedi) and the famous Lodheshwar Mahadeva's Shivling are other proof that this region had an important place even five thousand years ago during the Mahabharat period.

Pre-historic

Greater part of Barabanki was included in Pachhimrath country (the territory between rivers Ghaghra and Gomti^[10]), one of the five divisions of the kingdom of Rama.^[11]

Before 1000 AD. Jas, a raja of the Bhar tribe is said to have founded the locality of Jasnaul which later, after the Muslim conquest of the region came to be known as Bara Banki or Barabanki.^[3]

After 1000 till 1525

The Muslims had made their first permanent settlement in this district at Satrikh, in 421 AH. / 1030 AD.^[3]

Sihali, was conquered, and its sovereign, a Siharia Chhattri, was killed. Kintur was captured, and its Bhar queen, Kintama slain.^[3]

As per the historical documentation available, in 1030 AD. this region was attacked by Sayyed Salar Masood, nephew of Mahmood of Ghazni. In 1032 AD. Salar died.^[3]

The battle in which Somvanshi Rajput chief Sohil Deo (or Sohel Dal) of Sahet-Mahet a small northern kingdom (he was the conqueror of Sayyed Salar Masood) was subversed^{[clarification needed]} by Sri Chandradeo, the Rathor monarch of Kannauj was fought in Satrikh village of the district.^[12]

In 1049 AD. / 441 AH, the Kings of Kanauj and Manikpur were defeated and driven from Oudh by Qutub-ud-din of Medina. The Muslim invasion was more successful in Bara Banki than elsewhere. In 586 AH. / 1189 AD, Sihali was conquered by Shekh Nizam-ud-din of Herat, Ansari. Zaidpur was occupied by them in 636 AH, when Sayyad Abd-ul-Wahid turned out the Bhars, altering the name of the town from Suhalpur. The colony of Musalman Bhattis is reported to have arrived about the same time, although some place it as early as 596 AH. / 1199 AD. They came from Bhatnair or Bhattiana, in the Punjab and Rajputana and settled at Mawai Maholara.^[3]

After 1350 AD. Muslim immigrants started to settle in great number in the district until nearly to middle of eighteenth century.^[13] At the Muslims first permanently settled in Oudh.^[14]

Rudauli was occupied about 700 AH, in the reign of Alla-ud-din Khilji, whose forces had just about the same time destroyed Anhalwara, Chittor, Dcogir, Mandor, Jessulmere, Gagraun, Bundi, in fact nearly every remaining seat of Chhattri power. Rasulpur was conquered about 1350 AD. / 756 AH. Daryabad was founded about 850 AH. / 1444 AD, by Dariab Khan Subahdar. Fatehpur was colonized by Fateh Khan, a brother of Dariab Khan, and about the same time. The villages of Barauli and Barai, near Rudauli, were occupied, and gave their name to large estates about the middle of the fifteenth century.^[3]

Simultaneously, however, with this latter immigration of the Muslims there was one of Chhattris. The mysterious tribe of Kalhans, which numbers some twenty thousand persons, are said to be descended from Achal Singh, who came in as a soldier of fortune with Dariab Khan about 1450 AD. Raja Achal Singh is a great name in the Middle Ages of Oudh; he had large property—some state that his capital was Bado Sarai, on the old bank of the Ghagra.^[3]

At this time Ibrahim Shah Sharqi, reigned at Jaunpur. Oudh was the battle ground—the border land between Sharqis of Jaunpur and the Lodis of Delhi—and their princes, as the tide of conquest surged backwards and forwards. Dariab Khan settled Hindu soldiers as garrisons,—the war being now one between Muslims, and no longer one of religion. The Kalhans are said to have come from Gujarat, the same nursery of Chhattris from which the Ahban, the Pan war, the Gahlot, the Gaur, the Bais, and many other Oudh clans, are believed to have emigrated.^[3]

The isolated Suryajvanshi estate of Haraha and the Somvanshi Bahrelia estate of Surajpur were established by small colonies of Chhattri soldiers, who had been dismissed from service about eighteen generations ago (in 1877).^[3]

Mughal era (1526–1732)

During the reign of the great Mughal emperor Akbar this district was divided under the sirkars of Oudh, Lucknow and Manikpur.^[3][15] The following parganas are mentioned in Akbar's time vide Ain-i-Akbari:

Number	Muhals of Ain-i-Akbari	Parganas as of 1878	Sarkars of Ain-i-Akbari
1	Ibrahimabad	Ibrahimabad	Oudh
2	Basorhi	Basorhi	Oudh
3	Bakteha	Baksaha	Oudh
4	Daryabad	Daryabad	Oudh
5	Rudauli	Rudauli	Oudh
6	Sailuk	Sailuk	Oudh
7	Subeha	Subeha	Oudh
8	Satrikh	Satrikh	Oudh
9	Bhitauli	Bhitauli	Lucknow
10	Dewa	Dewa	Lucknow
11	Kumbhi	Dewa	Lucknow
12	Kursi	Kursi	Lucknow
13	Kahanjra	Kursi	Lucknow
14	Siddhaur	Siddhaur	Lucknow
15	Sidhipur	Siddhaur	Lucknow
16	Sihali	Khiron	Lucknow
17	Bhilwal	Haidergarh	Manikpur
Ref:Gazetteer of the province of Oudh, By Oudh, William Charles Benett Printed at the Oudh government press, 1878, #451,452,454

Nawabs of Awadh (1732-1856)

In 1165 AH. / 1751 AD, the Raikwars seem to have headed a great Hindu movement to shake off the Musalman Government.^[3]

Safdar Jang, the wazir, had been absent at Delhi; his naib, Newal Rae, had been defeated and killed at the Kali nadi three years before by the Bangash Afghans of Farukhabad, who then overran the whole province except a few of the fortified towns. In 1749 AD, Safdar Jang himself, with an army of 60,000 men, was defeated by them ; and if at this time the Oudh Chhattris had risen, the Mughal authority might have been overthrown, but they waited till after Safdar Jang, in 1750 AD. / 1164 AH, had bribed or beaten the Rohillas out of the country.^[3]

Then the tribes gathered themselves together under the leadership of Anup Singh, the Raja of Ramnagar Dhameri; the Janwar of Balrampur, the Bisens of Gonda, and numerous other lords assembled their forces for an attack on Lucknow, now denuded of the troops which had gone into Rohilkhand. The Shekhzadas of Lucknow came out to meet the enemy, they were joined by the Khanziidas of Mahmudabad and Bilahra, who were connected with them by marriage.^[3]

The battle was fought at Chheola Ghat on the Kalyani, on the road to Lucknow. The Musalmans, headed by Nawab Muizz-ud-din Khan of Mahmudabad, won the day. The Balrainpur raja was killed it is said, and an immense number of the allied host, some 15,000 were killed or wounded on both sides. Nor would this number be at all remarkable when large armies, inflamed against each other by religious hatred in addition to the ordinary motives, fought at close quarters. From this event dates the rise of the Khanzadas. The Raikwars were proportionately depressed; the estates of both Baundi and Ramnagar were broken up, and but a few villages left with the raja. The process of agglomeration commenced again, seventy years afterwards, about 1816, on the death of the sagacious Saadat Ali Khan, and before annexation, in 1856, the Ramnagar raja had recovered the whole family estate and added to it largely, while his brother of Baundi had similarly added 172 villages to his domain.^[3]

The principal chiefs of Bara Banki during the last years of Nawabi were:—^[3]

Taluqa of Ramnagar — The large property consisted of 253 villages belongs to Raja Sarabjit Singh. The Raja was the head of the Raikwar clan, who immigrated to Oudh from the hill country about Kashmir in about 1400 A. D. It is a curious fact that whereas all Rajputs place a special value on the wood of the neem tree, the Raikwars alone are forbidden to use it.

Taluqa of Haraha — The proprietor of this taluqa was Raja Narindr Bahadur, the head of the Surajbans Thakurs. His father, Raja Chbatarpat Singh, is yet alive. Both father and son were afflicted with mental incapacity. The estate, which consisted of sixty-six villages, paid a revenue of Rs. 55,000, was under the management of the local authorities. Certain members of the Raja's family held the estates of Ranimau Qiampur in a separate qubuliat in the Nawabi, and they have thus escaped being placed under the taluqdar's sanad.

Taluqa of Surajpur — This estate comprised fifty-six villages. The proprietor was Raja Udatt Partab Singh, the head of Bahrelia Bais Thakurs. The Raja was mentally and physically unfit to manage his estate ; but so long as his maternal grandfather, Udatt Narain, lived there was no fear of under-proprietors, tenants or patwaris defrauding the family.

The late Raja Singji was a most formidable and violent landholder until he was attacked by Maharaja Man Singh, captured and taken prisoner to Lucknow, where he died in jail. It was mainly owing to the bad example set by Singji that the Daryabad district was so turbulent under the native Government, that amils and chakladars were to use a native expression unable to breathe in it— (Nak men dam charhta tha.)

Taluqa of Barai — Chaudhri Ghulam Farid, a Siddiqi Shekh, was the largest landholder of the Rudauli tahsil. He owned thirty-nine villages. At the summary settlement before annexation, he contemplated depriving the children of his cousin, Mumtaz Ahmad, of their share in the estate, unmindful of the past long possession of his cousin; but at the earnest representations of Sayyad Abdul Hakim, an extra assistant commissioner, who was respected throughout the district, he made a fair division; in fact, he gave them half the estate.

Taluqa of Usmanpur - The Taluqdar of Usmanpur were Bisen rajput. This is the most famous Bisen Khanzada family. This estate was founded by one Kaunsal Singh (Raja Khushal Singh), who obtained an estate as a reward for military service under the Mughal Emperor Humayun. One of his sons Lakhan Singh converted to Islam, and took the name Lakhu Khan. The estate of Usmanpur was founded by Ghanzafar Khan, who was confirmed ownership of Usmanpur and neighbouring villages by the Nawabs of Awadh. He owned forty villages.

Taluqas of Rudauli —there were in all forty-three.

Taluqas of Satrikh —This estate comprised 85 villages. All the villages pay their 'Lagan' (Tax)to the Taluqedar of Satrikh. Satrikh estate was ruled by Taluqedar Qazi / Kazi Ikram Ahmad and preceded by Qazi Kamaluddin Ahmad

1857 war of independence

Unlike what occurred in the districts of Hardoi, Gonda, and Lucknow, the whole body of the taluqdars in this district joined the cause of the deposed king and the mutineers. They offered no resistance however, of any moment to the advance of the British troops after the capture of Lucknow ; in the battle of Nawabganj.^[3] Many kings and princes opposed the expansion of British rule into this district by waging wars against them. During the British Raj, several kings fought for their independence and laid down their lives doing so, the great revolutionaries. Raja Balbhadra Singh Chehlari along with about 1000 revolutionaries sacrificed their lives for independence from the British rule. In 1857 at Nawabganj Sir Hope Grant defeated the revolutionaries.^[14] During the middle of the nineteenth century the revolutionaries put up their last front at Bhitauli which proved unsuccessful in comparison to the strong British forces. Leaving behind the Bhitauli front the aids along with Begum Hazrat Mahal, Nana Saheb entered into the territory of Nepal to continue their freedom struggle from there. The last battle of the First War of Indian Independence was fought in December 1858 AD here in this district.

British (1858-1947)

The Sadr station (district headquarter) was placed at annexation and also after the mutinies at Daryabad, but owing to the stagnation of water in the immediate vicinity of the town, and to the prevalence of fever, the head quarters were removed in 1859 to Nawabganj, Bara Banki.^[16]

In 1870 before addition of two parganas from Lucknow (i.e. Kursi & Dewa) and one pargana each from Rae Bareli (i.e. Haidergarh) & Sultanpur (i.e. Subeha), Bara Banki district had area of 1,285 sq mi (3,330 km²) and had following subdivisions:^[16]

Tahsil	Pargana	No. of Villages	Area (in acres)	Major Talukas & Talukdars
Nawabaganj	Nawabganj	77	50,484	I.— Jehangirabad, Raja Farzand Ali Khan II.— Sohailpur Bhanmau, Mir Buniad Husen and Amjad Husen. III.— Satrikh, Kazi Sarfraz Ali. IV.— Simrawan, Bissein Thakur Sheo Sahai. V.— Shahpur, Ghulam Abbas and Mahomed Amir. VI.— Gaddia, Shekh Zainulabdin. VII.— Usmanpur, Thakurain Zahur-ul-nissa.
	Partabganj	54	35,834
	Satrikh	43	29,358
	Siddhaur	224	90,377
Daryabad-Rudauli (later named to Ram Sanehi Ghat)	Daryabad	241	136,931	I.— Surajpur Raja Udatpertab Singh, Burhelia Thakur. II.— Haraha, Raja Narindur Bahadur, Surajbans Thakur. III.— Kamiar, Shere Bahadur, Kalhans Thakur. IV.— Rampur, Rai Ibram Bali, Kaisth. V.— Saidanpur, Latafat-ullah and Inayat-ullah. VI.— Nirauli, Chaudhri Husen Baksh. VII.— Amirpur, Inayat Rassul. VIII.— Purai, Mahomed Abid. IX.- Daryabad, Rai Rajeshwar Bali.
	Surajpur	107	61,645
	Rudauli	196	110,553
	Mawai	51	45,469
	Barsorhi	44	21,958
Ramnagar	Ramnagar	168	71,756	I.— Ramnagar, Raja Sarabjit Singh, Raikwar Thakur. II.— Bilheri, Raja Ibad Ali. III.— Mahmudabad, Raja Amir Hussan Khan. IV.— Bhatwamau, Badshah Husen Khanzada. V.— Muhammadpur, Ganga Singh, Raikwar.
	Fatehpur	251	98,532
	Muhammadpur	83	39,568
	Bado Sarai	56	30,541
Total		1,595	323,011

In 1871 talukdars held about half the district and number 53, village zemindars number 5,397, and under-proprietors 1,354. Following is details of talukas:^[16]

Name of Taluka	Name of Talukdar	No. of Villages	Area (in acres)
Ramnagar	Raja Sarabjit Singh	358	108,286
Huraha	Raja Nurindur Bahadur Singh	66	29,960
Bhanmau	Mir Umjad Hosein	10	5,233
Jehagerabad	Raja Farzand Ali Khan	72	22,751
Surajpur	Raja Talaywand Koer	64	36,388
Mahmudabad	Raja Amir Hassan Khan	89	28,680
Man Singh	Maharaja Man Singh	16	13,009
Malaraiganj	Nawab Ali Khan	11	3,235
Shahabpur	Mahomed Amir and Gholam Abbas	8	3,578
Simrawan	Thakur Sheosahai	8	4,188
Sohailpur	Mir Umjad Hosein	8	2,458
Ushdamow	Panday Bahadur Singh	16	3,684
Asmanpur	Roshunjama Khan	25	7,238
Kharkha	Mahomed Hosein	10	4,593
Guddia	Shaikh Zainulabdin	12	1,933
Satrikh	Kazi Ikram Ahmed	85	9,420
Gootiah	Hakim Kurrum Ali	13	5,549
Subeha	Surfaraz Ahmed	1	564
Sulaunpur	Nawab Ali Khan	6	3,892
Kotwa	Abid Ali	1	331
Motree	Bhugwant singh	1	1,040
Tribadiganj	Raja Thakurpershad Tribadi	2	813
Lillowly	Buxshee Harpershad	11	2,510
Nurhowl	Shaik Boo Ali	3	1,465
Mirpur	Nusserudeen	4	2,416
Baytowly	Maharaja Runbir Singh	5	3,535
Rampur	Thakur Gooman Singh	1	357
Jubrahpur	Thakur Ruder Pratab Singh	2	700
Bilharrah	Raja Ibad Ali Khan	41	15,838
Muhammadpur	Thakur Ganga Singh	26	4,981
Bhatwamau	Badsha Hasan Khan	23	8,459
Rampur	Rai Ibram Balli	35	13,571
Kumyar	Shere Bahadur	10	13,430
Sydanpur	Latafat-ul-lah and Mayet-ul-lah	13	5,428
Pushka	Naipal Singh	4	2,129
Raneemau	Outar Singh	14	5,687
Nurrowly	Chaudhri Razah Husain	45	23,157
Barrai	Chaudhri Gholam Farid and Mahboob-ul-Rahamn	46	16,039
Purai	Meer mahomaed Abid	14	6,722
Amirpur	Chaudhri Ishan Russul	13	4,557
Burrowly	Chaudhri Wazeer Ali	25	3,871
Nearah	Shere Khan	13	2,993
Retch	Raghunath Singh	1	2,183
Total		1,158	4,36,574

In 1877 Barabanki was one of the three districts of the then Lucknow division.^[17] Its area was 1,768 sq mi (4,580 km²) and population was 1,113,430.

As per 1877 Gazetteer of the province of Oudh there were:^[3]

• Four tehsils-
  • Nawabganj
  • Ram Sanehi Ghat
  • Fatehpur
  • Haidergarh

• Nine thanas-
  • Nawabganj
  • Zaidpur
  • Tikaitnagar
  • Sanehi Ghat
  • Bhilsar
  • Fatehpur
  • Kursi
  • Ramnagar
  • Haidergarh
• Courts, following were officers with civil, criminal and revenue powers:
  • a deputy commissioner
  • two assistant commissioner
  • three extra assistant commissioner
  • four tehsildars
  • four honorary magistrates

Independence movement

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

In 1921 AD Gandhiji started the Non-cooperation Movement, thereby igniting the flame of independence once again. Here too, the district leading from the front, opposed the arrival of Prince of Wales to India. As a result, protests were organised and large number of freedom fighter courted arrests at the Government High School, Nawabganj, Shri Rafi Ahmad Kidwai was also arrested. During 1922 AD Khilafat Movement, 1930 AD Salt Movement, and in 1942 AD the Quit India Movement, the people of this district actively participated in these movements thereby giving sleepless nights to the British Raj. As a result, the District Congress Office was sealed. But, the local leaders continued their protests remaining underground. The Haidergarh Post office was looted on 24 August 1942 as a mark of protest by the revolutionaries. Similar incidents took place at the HPO Barabanki and Satrikh. The people of this district enthusiastically respond to the call of Satyagraha and large numbers courted arrest.

Geography

The district is for the most part flat to monotony, there is an utter absence of mountains; the most elevated point is about four hundred and thirty feet above the sea; and there are few points of view from which any expanse of country can be surveyed. The verdure and beauty of the groves with which it is studded in every direction redeem the prospect from bare ugliness, and when the spring crops are green and the jhils yet full of water, the richness of the landscape is very striking. Here and there patches of uncultivated waste are to be seen, but a high assessment and security of tenure are rapidly converting them into waving fields of corn. Towards the north, especially along the old bank of the Ghaghra, the ground is undulating and richly wooded, while to the south there is a gentle slope down to the Gomti. The monotonous level is broken on the north by an abrupt fall, the ridge running parallel to the Ghaghra at a distance of from one mile (1.6 km) to three miles (5 km), is said to indicate what was formerly the right bank of the river. The district is intersected at various parts by rugged ravines.

Location & boundaries

The district Barabanki is situated about 29 km in the East direction of Lucknow the Capital of Uttar Pradesh. This district being one of the four districts of Faizabad division, is located in the heart of Awadh region and it lies between Latitudes 26° 30' North and 27° 19' North and Longitudes 80° 58' East and 81° 55' East. District Barabanki is surrounded by district Faizabad in the East, districts Gonda and Bahraich in the North East, district Sitapur in the North West, district Lucknow in the West, district Rae Bareli in the South and district Sultanpur in the South East. The river Ghaghra forms the North Eastern Boundary separating Barabanki from Bahraich and Gonda.^[18]

Area

According to the 1991 census the area of the district was 4401 km². The districts were reconstituted and Tehsil Rudauli of this district was merged with district Faizabad, thereby reducing the land area of the district. Now the area of the district stands reduced to 3895.4 km². The area is liable to vary from year to year due to the slightest change in the coarse of the river Ghaghra, because this slight variation makes a noticeable change in the overall area of the district.^[18]

Topography

The district can be topographically divided into three main regions.^[18]

1. Tarai region, the area in the North East towards river Ghaghra.
2. Gomti par region, the wide area from South West to South East of the district.
3. Har^{[disambiguation needed ]} region, which is situated at some height to the Gomti Par region, the whole tract is gently undulating land with gentle slope from the North West to South East.

River system and water resources

The district is well fed by rivers Ghaghra, Gomti and Kalyani with their tributaries for major part of the year. Although some of them dryout during summers and create havoc during rainy season by flooding.^[18]

Ghaghra

The principal river in the district is the Ghaghra, at a short distance from Bahramghat; in the Fatehpur tahsil the rivers Chauka and Sarda meet, and their united stream is called the Ghaghra. Both those component rivers take their rise in the Himalaya and at their confluence form a stream, which at Bahramghat is in the rainy season from one and a half to two miles (3 km), and in the dry season half mile in breadth. The Gogra divides the Bara Banki district from the districts of Bahraich and Gonda. It flows in a south-easterly direction past Faizabad, and finally empties itself into the Ganges at Arrah, above Dinapore. This river is navigable for flat-bottomed steamers as far as Bahramghat; but the traffic is at present confined to country boats which ply in considerable numbers between Bahramghat and Sarun district. It has been stated that the ancient course of the river is indicated at a distance of from one to two miles (3 km) from the existing right bank by a ridge about 20 feet (6.1 m) high. The low lands between the ancient and present channels generally have fine crops of rice, but the water sometimes lies too long after the rains and rots them, and the spring crops cannot be sown. The river is not utilized for purposes of irrigation. Some portion of Tehsil Fatehpur and some portion of Tehsil Ram Sanehi Ghat falls on its banks.

The Ghaghraflows for forty-eight miles on the border of the district; the dry weather discharge is 19,000 cubic feet (540 m³). The principal ferries are at Kaithi, Kamiar, and Paska Ghat; there is a boat-bridge during the cold season at Bahramghat.

Gomti

Next in importance is the Gomti, which runs through the tahsil of Haidargarh and some portion of the tehsil Ram Sanehi Ghat and separates the Bara Banki district from the districts of Lucknow, Sultanpur and Faizabad. It runs like the Ghagra in a south-easterly direction, has a well-defined bank and a stream which is fordable in the dry weather, and is about 40 yards broad. There is considerable traffic on the Gumti by country boats.

The Gomti flows for 105 miles (169 km) through, or on the border of the district, but its course is so circuitous that the direct distance from the point of entrance to that of exit is only forty-two miles; it is not therefore so useful for navigation, and it lies too low for irrigation; its dry weather discharge is 500 cubic feet (14,000 L). Its water is actually at a lowet level than that of the Ghagra. At the junction of the Kalyani the former is only 301 feet (92 m) above the sea; at Rudauli, the watershed between it and the Ghagra the altitude is 340 feet (100 m); and at Kaithi Ghat the Ghagra is 314 feet (96 m).

Kalyani

Kalyani is a small river of local origin. It rises in the Fatehpur tahsil, and after wandering through the district in a most tortuous course, empties itself into the Gomti near the village of Dwarkapur. It flows through the district along with its tributaries, covering most of central portion of the district. Kalyani creates havoc during the rains, flooding considerable part of the district, though during summers there is hardly any water in certain sections of the river. It is an important source of water for major period of the year, with banks precipitous at a number of places.

In the rains of 1872, the river Kalyani presented a vast volume of water 269 feet (82 m) broad, 337 feet (103 m) deep, rushing along with a velocity of 5.74 miles per hour and with a discharge of 51,540 cubic feet per second (1,459 m³/s). In ordinary monsoons the highest discharge is about a quarter less than this.

The river is crossed by the railway with a girder bridge with (6) six openings, each of 60 feet (18 m).

Jamuriha and Reth

The Jamuriha and Reth, both in the Nawabganj tahsil, are the only other streams in this district worthy of notice. Their general characteristics are the same: steep and rugged banks broken by innumerable ravines, mere drains in dry weather but becoming angry torrents during the rains; they flow into the Gomti. Haidergarh, Deviganj, Choury and Alapur are settlements worth mentioning on the banks of the river Raith, while Jamuriha passes through Barabanki city (Barabanki reveneue village on one side & Nawabganj Thasil hq on other)

Tanks and jhils

Tanks and jhfls are numerous, especially in the tahsils of Daryabad, Ram Sanehi Ghat, and Nawabganj. Seven per cent, of the area is covered with water; many of the tanks are in course of being deepened, the earth taken out of them being used to replenish cultivated land, and doubtless much more would be done in this direction but for the difficulty of adjusting conflicting rights in the tanks. Some of the jhils are navigable by small boats for purposes of sport or pleasure. The finest jhfl in this district, that named Bhagghar, is situated in the Ramnagar pargana; it does not cover above two square miles. There is another in Dewa, covering about five square miles with water and marsh.

Geology

The district being a part of the plains, conforms to the same geological sequence as the plain itself. The soil structure of the district is composed of alluvial soil, the soil brought in by the rivers. The upper belt is called Uparhar and the soil texture is yellowish clay. The basin land of the rivers is mostly sandy soil, and the land adjacent to the rivers is sandy loam. The only mineral of any note found in the district is sand, which is available in sufficient quantity on river banks, and is used in construction works. The district is also noted for its deposits of brickearth.^[18]

Climate

The district lies in the plains of the State, and hence its climatic conditions are quite similar to the average climatic condition of the plains. Hot to very hot in summers, cold to quite cold during winters and humid to very humid and sultry during rainy season. Most of the rain occurs from June to September and often in November to January. The winter sets in November and continues till February end. The maximum temperature recorded in 1997-98 was 47.5 °C and minimum was 2.5 °C. The average rainfall recorded for 1997-98 was 1056 mm.^[18]

Flora and fauna

Flora

One of the sayings is that Barabanki got its name due to excessive forests. But, unfortunately today very little land area remains as a token of forest in this district. With passage of time, pressure of the increasing population and the need to grow more food, ultimately became the reason for clearing of the majority of forest cover for cultivation. As of today, majority of the forest cover in Barabanki district is on uneven land scape and consists of a mixed variety of vegetation mainly bushes. The forests are small and scattered. The total area under forests is approximately 5308 hectares. with 29% in tehsil Ramsanehi Ghat, 27% in tehsil Fatehpur and 15% in tehsil Haidergarh. Most of the forest cover is on the banks of the river Gomti and Kalyani. In addition to this, on 1034 km of PWD roads in the district are trees on both its sides. The trees like Shishum, Arjuna, Kanji, Khair, Saagaun, Subabul, Neem, Eucalyptus, Babul, Kanju, Gold Mohar, Kesia, Akesia, Mango and Jamun are found in sufficient numbers.

Groves

The land area under groves, gardens and plantations is fairly distributed throughout the district, Groves in the district consist mostly of mango and are concentrated in tehsil Nawabganj, Ramnagar and Fatehpur.

Fauna

Animals in the wild have greatly decreased in number and variety in the district due to excessive hunting and poaching during the past century. The various animals found there are Neel Gai (Blue bull), Hiran (deer), Barasingha (Swamp deer), Padha (Blackbuck), Chital (Spotted deer), fox, jackal, porcupine. The Neel Gai has become a menace to the farmers in the district due to their rising numbers. However, all the above animals are on the protected list.

Birds

The birds of the district are similar to those of the adjoining districts. The chief game of birds found are several varieties of ducks, King Fisher, partridges, pigeons, peacock and several other water birds.

Reptiles

A number of varieties of snakes and other reptiles are found almost everywhere in the district especially in the rural areas. Some of the poisonous snakes found there are Cobra, Krait and Rat snake. Several non-poisonous snakes have also been noticed and python being the main among them. The other reptiles found in the district are the chameleon and Bichhkhopra.

Fish

Fish are found in the rivers, streams, ponds, canals, catchment areas and artificial reservoirs of the district. There are a number of species of fish which have been found in this district so far, the chief being the rohu (Labeo rohita), nain (cirrhina mrigala), mangur (clarius batrachus), saul (ophiocephelus spp.), katla.

Administration and Divisions

Administrative set up

District Barabanki was known as Dariyabad with its headquarters at Dariyabad town established by an officer in the army of Mohammed Shah Shariqi by the name Dariab Khan. It remained the district headquarter till 1858 AD. The district headquarter was shifted to Nawabganj in 1859 AD now known as Barabanki. This was done during the expansion of the district by the British, when Kursi from district Lucknow and Haidergarh from district Rae Bareli were added to the, then Dariyabad district.

Barabanki is one of the four constituent districts of Faizabad Division. The other districts being Faizabad district, Sultanpur district and Ambedkar Nagar district. The Division is headed by the Divisional Commissioner.

As of 2003-04 district contains 7 Tehsils, 17 Development Blocks, 154 Nyay Panchayat and 1140 Gram Sabhas.^[19]

As per 1991 data there were 1812 habitated villages and 31 inhabitated villages. In 2001 there were 14 towns and cities, 2 Nagar Palika Parishads, 1 Cantonment area, 10 Nagar Panchayats and 1 Census Town.^[19]

Land administration

District Barabanki has been divided into six subdivisions, popularly known as tehsils. The District Revenue Administration is headed by the District Collector (also known as District Magistrate), with office at the collectorate, and these tehsils are under the charge of Sub-divisional Magistrates. The six tehsils are:

1. Nawabganj
2. Fatehpur
3. Ramsanehi Ghat
4. Haidergarh
5. Ram Nagar
6. Sirauli Ghauspur

Development

The District level developmental activities are coordinated by the Chief Development Officer having his office in DRDA at collectorate. Block Development Officers, who head each of the Development Blocks into which the district is sub-divided carry out the development schemes on behalf of government. Barabanki encompasses 15 such Blocks, they are:

1. Banki
2. Masauli
3. Dewa
4. Harakh
5. Fatehpur
6. Haidergarh
7. Dariyabad
8. Suratganj
9. Siddhaur
10. Pure Dalai
11. Nindura
12. Trivediganj
13. Ram Nagar
14. Sirauli Ghauspur
15. Banikodar

The district level offices for monitoring the developmental activities of Blocks at Barabanki are located at Vikas Bhawan.

Law & order

The Law and order administration is jointly coordinated by the District Magistrate and the Superintendent of Police. The district is subdivided into 22 Police Stations / Thanas. Each Police Station / Thana is headed by an officer of the rank of Inspector or sub-inspector of police. 12 Police Stations are rural and 9 are rural.^[19]

1. Haidergarh
2. Satrikh
3. Dariyabad
4. Baddupur
5. Dewa
6. Kursi
7. Zaidpur
8. Mohammadpur
9. Ram Nagar
10. Fatehpur
11. Safderganj
12. Kotwali
13. Ramsanehi Ghat
14. Asandra
15. Subeha
16. Tikait Nagar
17. Lonikatra
18. Masauli
19. Kothi
20. Ghungter
21. Badosarai
22. Jahangirabad

Urban

The district has 14 urban administrative bodies for the administration and provision of civil amenities in towns. The towns in the district are:

1. Nawabganj Nagar Parishad for Barabanki Town
2. Zaidpur Nagar Panchayat for Zaidpur Town Area
3. Fatehpur Nagar Panchayat for Fatehpur Town Area
4. Dariyabad Nagar Panchaya for Dariyabad Town Area
5. Ramnagar Nagar Panchayat for Ramnagar Town Area
6. Satrikh Nagar Panchayat for Satrikh Town Area
7. Haidergarh Nagar Panchayat for Haidergarh Town Area
8. Dewa Nagar Panchayat for Dewa Town Area
9. Siddhaur Nagar Panchayat for Siddhaur Town Area
10. Tikaitnagar Nagar Panchayat for Tikaitnagar Town Area
11. Rudauli Nagar Parishad for Rudauli Town
12. Banki Nagar Panchayat for Banki Town Area
13. Cantonment Board for Cantonment Area in Barabanki
14. Rampur Bhavanipur Census Town

Electoral

Parliament & State Assembly

Barabanki district has got seven state-assembly constituencies which fall under two parliamentary constituencies, they are:

S No	No of Assembly Constituency	Name of Assembly Constituency	Assembly Constituency Reservation Status	Total Booths in Assembly Constituency	Net Voters in Assembly Constituency	No of Parliamentary Constituency	Name of Parliamentary Constituency	Parliamentary Constituency Reservation Status	Net Voters in Parliamentary Constituency	Ref
1	266	Kursi	General	343	295030	53	Barabanki	SC	1435692	[20]
2	267	Ram Nagar	General	323	260400					[21]
3	268	Barabanki	General	322	289765					[22]
4	269	Zaidpur	SC	359	302189					[23]
5	272	Haidergarh	SC	327	288308					[24]
6	270	Dariyabad	General	337	304073	54	Faizabad (partial)	General	1506120	[25]
7	271	Rudauli (partial)	General	304	282890					[26]

State Council

Barabanki district sends two members to state-council. Sitting members are:^[27]

1. Arvind Yadav
2. Ram Naresh Rawat

Basic ameneties

Following is the list of public ameneties (1999-2002 data)^[19]:

Land transport

Passenger road transport services in the state of U.P. started on 15 May 1947 with the operation of bus service on the Lucknow - Barabanki route by the erstwhile U.P. Government Roadways.^[28]

• Bus Station/Bus Stop 93
• Railway Station/Halt 19

Railway

• Length of Railway Line Broad Gauge 131 km

Communication services

• Urban Post Office 26
• Rural Post Office339
• Telegraph Office 19
• telephone Connections 25691

Public distribution system

• Rural Fair Price Shops 1094
• Urban Fair Price Shops 118
• Bio-gas Plants 4645
• Cold Storage 16

Electricity

• Total Electrified Villages 1103
• Total Electrified Towns/Cities 13
• Electrified Schedule Caste localities 1149

Water supply

Area covered under water supply using taps/ handpumps of India Mark-2:

• Village 1812
• Towns/City 14

Entertainment

• Cinema Halls 3
• Total No. of seats in Halls 2675

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Barabanki district has a population of 2,673,581,^[29] roughly equal to the nation of Mauritania^[30] or the US state of Iowa.^[31] This gives it a ranking of 107th in India (out of a total of 640).^[29] The district has a population density of 740 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,900 /sq mi) .^[29] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 26.40 %.^[29] Barabanki has a sex ratio of 887 females for every 1000 males,^[29] and a literacy rate of 47.39 %.^[29]

Minority population is about 23% of the total population of the district. Barabanki is a category "A" district i.e. having socio-economic and basic amenities parameters below the national average.^[32]

Languages

Among many languages spoken in the district are Awadhi, a vernacular in the Hindi-Urdu continuum spoken by over 38 million people, mainly in the Awadh region.^[33]

Economy

Agriculture

The economy of the district mainly depends upon Agriculture.^[34] Agriculture is the main source of livelihood in Barabanki.^[35] Agriculture, bio-gas plants, animal husbandry, small-scale industries provide direct and indirect employment to the people of district.^[36][37]

Wheat, rice and maize are chief food crops of the district.^[38][39]

Opium, menthol oil, sugarcane, fruits (mango, banana, Mushroom, etc.), vegetables (potato, tomato, etc.) floweres (Gladiolus, etc.), spices, etc. are chief cash crops of district.^{[40][41][42][43][44][45]}

Farmers rotate up to five crops round the year.^[46]

Livestock based farming system is also found in the district^[47]

Broiler farming is also done in the district.^[43]

Bee keeping is also practiced in the Dewa block of the district.^[36][43]

Fish cultivation is also prevalent in the district.^[43]

Barabanki district is leading the country in menthol farming. Barabanki’s menthol cultivation is spread over 20,000 acres (81 km²). Barabanki houses an industry that makes menthol crystals and also has a mandi for the oil.^{[48][49][50][51]}

District also exports Mangoes and vegetables.^[49]

District has Regional Agriculture Seed Testing & Demonstration Station of Department of Agriculture of government of India.^[52]

In 2004 Indian Council of Agricultural Research's National Academy of Agricultural Research Management has established a Krishi Vigyan Kendra under Narendra Dev University of Agriculture and Technology in the district.^[53]

Institute for Integrated Society Development has established one Rural Technology Development and Dissemination Centre in the year 2002 at Nindura Block of Barabanki District.^[36]

National Fertilizers Limited has established a 'Soil Testing Lab in the district.^[54]

Information and Communication Technologies has a centre in the district.^[55]

Industry

• Handicrafts industry^[56]
• Handloom industry^[57]

Barabanki Handloom Cluster in Uttar Pradesh is famous for weaving since the Nawab period of Lucknow. About 95% of the turnover of this handloom cluster is exported. Most of the facilities are outsourced by cluster actors as the demands of the export market are heavy and time bound.^[58] The products are apparels Scarfs, Shawls and Stoles, which have a good export market.^[59] These products are broadly categorized in to two segments:

• Rayon fiber
• Cotton yarn.

Barabanki has emerged as an handkerchief production hub from where unfinished product is taken and supplied back after they are finished.^[60]

• India PolyFibres Limited^[61]

The Company is engaged in manufacturing of polyester staple fibre, polyester, and tow with technology from Du Pont, USA.

• U.P. State Spinning Mill, Barabanki

• U.P. State Sugar Corp. Ltd, Barabanki

• DSM Sugar, Rauzagaon, Barabanki, U.P.^[62]

• Hally Industries pvt. ltd, Barabanki

Company has achieved ISO 9001,9002,9004,ISO9001:2000 QMS Certification and KVQA Certificate from Netherland for manufacture and supply of all types of medium and high quality superior Welding Electrodes for supply in the Indian Railways. It further owns a Wire-drawing unit and a Rice Mill.

• J.R. Agro Industries Limited^[63]

4.4 km Dewa road, Somaiya Nagar, Barananki

Having solvent extraction plant & vegetable oil refinery (Saheli Brand).

• J.R. Organics Ltd. (formally Somaiya Organics Ltd)

• Bharat Rubber Industries

Company has achieved ISO 9001:2000 QMS Certification from SWISO for manufacture and supply of Rubber to Metal Bonded and Extrusion Rubber Production and Ribber Moulded Items. The consultancy services were provided by TQ Vision, New Delhi.^[64]

• Shree Shyam Industries, Tehsil Fatehpur
• Kshetriya Shree Gandhi Ashram Lucknow Road Barabanki.

Banking

Allahabad Bank Axis Bank Bank of Baroda Bank Of India Canara Bank Central Bank of India Corporation Bank HDFC BANK

ICICI Bank IDBI Indian Bank Indian Overseas Bank Punjab National Bank State Bank of India Union Bank Of India UCO Bank

• Vijya Bank

Culture

Cultural heritage

The land of Barabanki district possesses a rich heritage in keeping with its glorious past. This district since its inception has been the meditorium for numerous saints and ascetics, sanctum sanctorum of Sadhna for the literary intellectuals and battlefield for the freedom fighters. For bringing the whole world under one umbrella, Sufi Saint Haji Waris Ali Shah of international fame, motivated people through the message of Jo Rab Wahi Ram i.e. the supreme power, God is One, is the flower of this fertile land.^[65] Satnami Saint Shri Jagjiwan Das and Saint Malamat Shah lit the torch of communal harmony for the countrymen at large. The place of pilgrimage of the kanwariyas Mahadeva, the Kurukshetra of Mahabharat and the Parijaat tree - the animate symbols of Mahabharat era are also present as mile stones of the spiritual tilt of this sacred land of Barabanki district.

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

Dr Rai Rajeshwar Bali (13th Taluqdar of Rampur-Daryabad Estate) was instrumental in bringing the Hindustani classical music which was earlier confined to temples, to the public when he opened one of the first music colleges of India called the Bhatkhande College of Hindustani Music in Lucknow. For this he invited Pundit V. N. Bhatkhande to his court and requested him to write the grammar of Hindustani Classical Music.

Notable personalities

Royalty

Notable royals in Barabanki's history include:

• Raja Muhammad Mazhar Ali Khan (died 1790s)

son of Raja Muhammad Imam Khan (died 1760s) of the large Mahmudabad estate in Sitapur from his wife a Shia Shaykhzadah woman, inherited the smaller portion of the estate in Belehra (town near Fatehpur), Bara Banki.^[66][67]

• Raja Nuwab Ali Khan,

ruler of Mahmudabad estate in Sitapur was the son of the Shi‘i Belehra(village near fatehpur) branch of the family. He was adopted in 1836 by widow of Raja Musahib Ali Khan (son of Raja Muhammad Imam Khan) as they had no male issue.^[66][67]

• Raja Mir Imdad Ali Khan,

ruler of Kintoor was active in the First War of Indian Independence against the British.^[68][69]

• Raja Balbhadra Singh of Chehlari, (10 June 1840 – December 1858),

fought the British forces bravely and sacrificed his life along with around 1000 other revolutionaries fighting the last battle of the First War of Indian Independence at Aovari around 2 Km from Barabanki on the confluence of riverlets Rait and Jamuria.^[70][71][72]

• Raja Guru Bux Singh of Bhitauli, fought against British in 1857 War of Independence.^[73]
• Rai Rajeshwar Bali (1889–1944), 13th Taluqdar of Rampur-Daryabad Estate (Uttar Pradesh).

Defence

• Flt Lt Shankar Dayal Bajpai, (25 January 1960 – 10 December 1987),

was a commissioned officer in Indian Air Force. He was killed in an mid air accident while flying Jaguar fighter airplane when his plane blew up during aroutine vigil sortie at the Indo-Pak border post of Naalia in Gujarat.^[72]

Sports

Notable athletes from Barabanki include:

• Kunwar Digvijay Singh, (2 February 1922 – 27 March 1978),

popularly known as K.D. Singh 'Babu' was a hockey player. He was captain of Indian Olympic Hockey team for the 1952 Helsinki Olympics Games, where the team under his captaincy won another Olympic Hockey Gold medal.^[72]

• R. P. Singh, a cricketer, was born in Purebala, Barabanki.

Literary

Sant

• Sant Kavi Baijnath, (Ashwin Purnima 1890 of V.S. – 7 Baishakh shukl 1954 of V.S.),

was a renowned linguist of Ramkatha literature. His poetic collection was published by the name Geetavali ki Teeka, Kalpdroom.^[72]

• Sant Kavi Jagjivan Das, (born 1727, date of death unknown),

was the propounder of the Satnaami sect. Agh Vinaash, Maha Pralay, Gyan Prakash, Shabd-Sagar, Param Granth, Prem-Path, Aagam Paddhati are his important works.^[72]

• Sant Kavi Chaturbhuj Das,

He spread the message of Nirgun Bramh by writing Nirgun Sagar, Hari Charitr Katha, Ram Charit, Ram Baavni, Ram Virhini.^[72]

Sufi

• Qasim Shah, (born 1731, date of death unknown),

be literary tradition of Sufi-atic poetry. He was author Hans-Jawahir.^[72]

• Qazi Shahabuddin Auliya'a of Baragaon
• Mast Wali Shah of Masauli
• Shah Abdur Razzaq of Bansa (1636–1724),
• Hazrat Sayyed Salar Sahu Ghazi Rehmat Ullah Alaih of Qasba Satrikh

who not only won the recognition of his contemporaries but who exerted after his death one of the most powerful influences in Awadh spiritual history.^[74][75][76]

Dargah of Sayed Salar Sahu Gazi is situated in Satrikh 8 km far from Barabanki city. He is a father of famous saint Sayed Salar Masood Gazi, whose Dargah is situated in Bharaich. Satrikh dargah is a place for reverence for Muslims and Hindus alike. Every year from Wed-Sunday of JEST mah (Hindi month) during summer, a fair is celebrated for a 5 days here in which lakhs of devotees pray. The annual festival (Urs) at the Dargah Satrikh is attended by lakh of people coming from far-off places of the country.

• Arif Ali Shah (died 17 December 2008),

was sajjada nashin of Makhdoom Sheikh Sarang. He died on 17 December 2008 at in Manjhgawa Sharif. He was the son of Syed Danish Ali Shah. He claimed to be from progeny of Hazrat Ali (cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Mohammad). He was born at Khairabad in Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh. His tomb is situated in Majhgawan Shareef in Barabanki.

Hindi/Awadhi

• Ravi Dutt Mishra
• Shankar Dayal Awasthi
• Pandit Mahesh Dutt Shukl
• Guru Prasad Singh 'Mrigesh'
• Shiv Singh Saroj

Urdu/Persian (19th century)

• Ghani Naqi (died 1814)

was chief of the bureau of Awadh in time of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah. He compiled the official dictionary Taj-ul-Lughat.^[77]

• Ghulam Husain Zaidpuri (died 1817)

was by profession a postmaster. He wrote History of Bengal in his two works, Muqaddimah, Riyaz-uz-Salatin.^[78]

• Maulvi Raunaq Ali (1846–76),

scholar and poet of Persian and Urdu who wrote under the pen name Raunaq.^[79]

• Syed Sharafu'd-Din of Nishapur,

in fourteenth century forsaken Iran for Awadh in the time of Hulagu the II-Khanid Mongol ruler. The Nishapuri Sayyids of Kintoor produced several outstanding Shi‘i religious scholars in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.^[66][80]

• Syed Muhammad of Nishapur,

in fourteenth century forsaken Iran for Awadh in the time of Hulagu the II-Khanid Mongol ruler. The Nishapuri Sayyids of Kintoor produced several outstanding Shi‘i religious scholars in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.^[66][80]

• Syed Ejaz Husain Kintoori

author of books Kashf al-hujub wa'l-astar `an al-kutub wa'l-asfar; A'inah-'i haqq-nama; Shudhur al-`iqyan fi tarajim al-a`yan, 2 vols. A'inah," a primary source is Kintoori's biographical dictionary of Shi‘i ulama, an extremely useful source, remains in manuscript and has not been used by writers on Imami Shi‘ism in the West.^[66][81][82]

• Ayatollah Mufti Syed Muhammad Quli Khan Kintoori,

principal Sadr Amin at the British court in Meerut. He was also author of Tathir al-mu'minin 'an najasat al-mushrikin.^[66][82][83]

• Ayatollah Syed Mir Hamid Hussain Musavi Kintoori Lakhnavi (died 1880)

son of Mufti Syed Quli Khan Kintoori author of book Abaqat ul Anwar fi Imamat al Ai'imma al-Athar.^{[66][80][84][85][86]}

• Maulana Abdul Majid Daryabadi

SHAD AKHTER BHELSER IS A GREAT SOCIAL WORKER.SAFAR SEVA SANSTHAN IS A VERY COPRATIVE NGO IN BHELSAR>TEAM MEMBER IS J.A.USMANI,NISHAT AHMAD,MUMTAZ ALI ARE ALSO SOCIAL WORKER SHAD AKHTER BHELSER IS A GREAT SOCIAL WORKER.SAFAR SEVA SANSTHAN IS A VERY COPRATIVE NGO IN BHELSAR>TEAM MEMBER IS J.A.USMANI,NISHAT AHMAD,MUMTAZ ALI ARE ALSO SOCIAL WORKER

Urdu/Persian (20th century)

• Syed Ghulam Hasnain, Allamah Kintoori (died 1918)

was a religious scholar (a Mujtahid), a physician, a phrmacologist and an alchemist.^[87][88]

• Ibrahim Beg of Dewa.
• Mehdi Ali Nasiri of Fatehpur.
• Sheikh Wilayat Ali Bambe of Masauli.
• Sajjad Ali Ansari of Gadiya was well known for his prose writings.
• Basharat Ali Nadeem was a well-known poet.
• Mata Prasad Sagar
• Murtaza Beg Farhat
• Khuda Bux Sheikh of Dariyabad, wrote poetry in Urdu and Persian. His book Tohmat-ul-Asfiya is the biography of Haji Waris Ali Shah.^[89]
• Shankar Lal Kaamal
• Mahadevi Bali Iqbal
• Najaf Ali Beg Najaf
• Nalim Ali Nazim
• Zahoor Athar
• Samar Rudaulvi, from Rudauli, short story writer of the 1950s.
• Syed Abul Muzaffar Khanda of Fatehpur
• Mawlwi Abdul Bari Nadwi, was member of first Managing Committee of Darul Mussannefin Shibli Academy^[90]
• Sheikh Abdul Ali Ansari^[90]

Politicians

• Rafi Ahmed Kidwai
• Ram Sewak Yadav
• Mohsina Kidwai
• Amir Haider
• Beni Prasad Verma
• Panna Lal Puneya
• Akhlaqur Rahman Kidwai
• Arvind Singh 'Gop'
• Fareed Mahfooz Kidwai
• Ram Prakash Verma
• Rakesh Kumar Verma-CONGRESS- Former Minister U.P.Govt..
• Kr. Ramveer Singh
• Chaudhary Kalimuddin Usmani
• Dewanshu Jaiswal Indian National Congress

Others

• Shaikh Abd al-Quddus Gangohi (1456–1537) bin Shaykh Muhammad Ismail bin Shaykh safi al-djn Hanafi Ghaznavi Chishti Gangohi

was among the most prominent Sufi Shaykhs of the Sabiri branch of the Chishti silsila.^[91] In his early youth, ‘Abd al-Quddus wrote a treatise, Rushd-nama (The Book of Piety), that seeks to reconcile the teachings of Gorakh-nath with Chishti Sufism.^[92]

• Abd ur-Razzaq Bansawi (died 1724)

was a follower of Qadiri order.^[93]

• Seyyed Ahmad Musavi Hindi

was paternal grandfather of Ayatollah Khomeini. He was born in Kintoor. He left India in about 1830 to make a pilgrimage to the shrine city of Najaf in present-day Iraq, and to study at one of its famous seminaries and never returned.^{[80][94][95][96]}

• Syed Ghulam Husayn Kintoori

cousin of Syed Hamid Husain Kintoori, was the daroghah of Awadh.^[66]

• Shah Fakir of Rudauli,

a participant of 1857 War of Independence.^[97]

• Syed Muhammad Deoghatavi, Faizabad's chief prayer leader.^[66]
• Maulana Burhanuddin of Dewa
• Mufti Mazhar Karim of Dariyabad
• Hakim Noor Karim
• Syed Aziz Hussain
• Syed Hamid Hussain
• Syed Ghulam Hussain
• Syed Karamat Hussain Kazmi of Fatehpur, founder of Karamat Hussain PG College, Lucknow
• Maulana Sayed Safi Haidar, secretary Tanzeemul Makatib was born in Jargaon, Barabanki.
• Late Bacchu Lal, a freedom fighter was born in Barabanki.
• Naseeruddin Shah, an actor was born in 1950 in Barabanki.
• Late Maulvi Abad Ali Kazmi of Fatehpur, Imam of Mahmudabad Estate.
• Late Syed Razi Hasan Kazmi alias Hasan Miyan of Fatehpur, social worker.
• Late Maulvi Syed Shahid Husain Kazmi of Fatehpur, Imam of Salempur Estate.
• Syed Hasan Ibrahim Kazmi alias 'Hasannu Bhaiyya of Fatehpur, custodian of Bada Imam Bara, Fatehpur, social worker, President of Aliya Montessory School Committee & senior reporter of Dainik Jagran.
• Neeraj Shukla alias Nawab, an eminent engineer famous in the Indo-US software circles. He is the only engineer from the town of Noorpur and has garnered heaps of respect from his fellow villagers.

Education

COMPETITION INSTITUTE

• SAFALTA EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTE, Lakhperabagh, Barabanki City

> FOR BANK,SSC,NDA,CDS.

Schools & Intermediate colleges

• Aliya Montessory School, Fatehpur, Barabanki
• Anand Bhawan School, Barabanki city
• Anand Vihar Convent Inter College, Barabanki city
• Anand Vihar Convent School, Masauli, Barabanki
• Anand Vihar Convent Inter College, Chandanapur, Ram Nagar, Barabanki
• Arif Husain Montessori School
• Avadh Montessory School, Fatehpur, Barabanki
• Awadh Public School, Palhari Chauraha, Faizabad Road, Barabanki city
• Azimuddin Ashraf Islamia Inter College, Barabanki city
• Baba Gurukul Academy, Barabanki city
• Balajee Public School, Barabanki city
• Barabanki Public School, Barabanki city
• Central Academy, Barabanki city
• City Inter College, Barabanki city
• City Montessori School, Barabanki city
• D.A.V. Inter College, Barabanki city
• Eram Inter College, Barabanki city
• Foundation School, Barabanki city
• Government Inter College, Barabanki city
• Government Girls Inter College, Barabanki city
• Gyandeep Public School
• Ingenious Public School
• Jai Hind Inter College

• Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Barabanki city
• King George Inter College, Barabanki city
• Kendriya Vidyalaya, Barabanki city
• Lal Bahadur Shastri Inter College, Daryabad, Barabanki
• Lord Balajee Public School, Barabanki city
• Maharani Lakshmi Bai Memorial Inter College, Barabanki city
• Maharishi Vidya Mandir, Barabanki city
• National Inter College, Fatehpur
• New Play Way Junior High School, Barabanki city
• Pioneer Montesorri Inter College, Barabanki city
• Rajkiya Inter College, Harakh
• Ram Sevak Yadav Smarak Vidyalaya, Barabanki city
• Maha Rani Laxmi Bai Memorial Inter College, Barabanki city
• Saint Anthony's Inter College, Barabanki city
• Sarvodaya Vidya Mandir Inter College, Bishunpur, Fatehpur, Barabanki
• Shri P.D. Jain Inter College, Tikait Nagar
• Shri Sita Ram Bal Vidya Mandir, Tikait Nagar
• Saraswati Shishu Mandir, Barabanki city
• Saraswati Vidya Mandir Inter College, Barabanki city
• Shayam Bal Vidya Mandir
• Shayam Shishu Mandir
• Sri Durga Vidya Mandir Inter College, Surajpur, Barabanki
• Waris Inter College, Barabanki city
• B.P.Verma Inter College Sirauli Ghauspur,BBK

Degree college

• Anand Vihar Degree College
• Ganga Devi Lal Bahudur Degree College, Purey Rudra Kothi
• Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Post-Graduate Degree College, Barabanki city
• Munsi Raghunandan Prasad Sardar Patel Mahila Degree College, Barabanki cityekhar
• Pioneer Degree College, Barabanki city
• Ram Sewak Yadav Degree College, village Kanojiya
• Rudauli Degree College, Rudauli
• Sai P.G.College, Fatehpur
• Chaudhary Charan Singh Mahavidyalay, Bardari,Barabanki
• Sh. Mohanlal Verma Educational Institute, Palhari,Barabanki
• Patel Panchayati Mahavidyalay, Ramsanehighat, Barabanki
• Geetanjali Inter college Munshiganj Barabanki
• Sahyogi RB degree college, barabanki

Engineering college

• Institute of Environment & Management
• Jahangirabad Institute of Technology, Jahangirabad
• Sagar Institute of Technology & Management, Faizabad Road
• Sherwood College of Engineering Research and Technology, Lucknow Road
• Seth Vishambhar Nath Institute of Engineering & Technology, Lucknow Road

Polytechnic institute

• Government Polytechnic Barabanki, Jahangirabad Road

Medical/Dental Hospitals & Colleges

• Chandra Dental College & Hospital, Lucknow Road
• Hindustan Institute of Medical Sciences (HIMS), Lucknow Road
• Sagar Institute of Technology and Management - Department of Pharmacy, Faizabad Road
• Sherwood College of Pharmacy, Lucknow Road

Other professional institutions

• Jahangirabad Media Institute, Jahangirabad
• Agriculture Faculty,CCSM,Bardari,Barabanki

Health services

Hospitals

• Barabanki Government Ladies Hospital, Barabanki city
• Rafi Ahmad Kidwai Memorial Government General Hospital, Barabanki city

Nursing homes

• Ambika Nursing Home, Barabanki city
• Astha Hospital, Barabanki city
• Barabanki Nursing Home, Barabanki city
• Divya Clinic and Surgical Center, Barabanki city
• Jain Nursing Home, Barabanki city
• Warsi Hospital, Barabanki city

References

External links

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Bara Banki.

• Official website

	Sitapur district	Bahraich district	Gonda district
	Lucknow district		Faizabad district
		Barabanki district
		Rae Bareli district	Sultanpur district

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