Bataan

Bataan
Original promotional poster
Directed by	Tay Garnett
Produced by	Irving Starr
Written by	Robert Hardy Andrews
Starring	Robert Taylor George Murphy Thomas Mitchell Lloyd Nolan
Music by	Bronislau Kaper, Eric Zeisl
Cinematography	Sidney Wagner
Editing by	George White
Distributed by	Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer; United States Office of War Information
Release date(s)	June 3, 1943 (1943-06-03)
Running time	114 min.
Language	English

Bataan (1943) is a war film about the defense of the Bataan Peninsula at the start of World War II. It was made by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, directed by Tay Garnett and produced by Irving Starr, with Dore Schary as executive producer. It starred Robert Taylor, Lloyd Nolan, Thomas Mitchell and Robert Walker.

Historical background

The Battle of Bataan followed the Japanese December 1941 invasion of the Philippines and lasted from January 1 to April 9, 1942. The American and Filipino forces retreated from Manila to the nearby mountainous Bataan peninsula for a desperate last stand, hoping for a relief force. However, the Allies were being driven back in all areas of the Pacific theater and none could be sent. After three months of stubborn resistance, the starving and malaria-ridden defenders surrendered and were forced to undertake the infamous Bataan Death March.

Plot

The US Army is conducting a fighting retreat. A high bridge spans a ravine on the Bataan peninsula. After the army and some civilians cross, a group of thirteen hastily-assembled volunteers from different units is assigned to blow it up and delay Japanese rebuilding efforts as long as possible. The soldiers are a mixed lot, including a Mexican-American California National Guardsman Pvt. Felix Ramirez (Desi Arnaz), Pvt. Wesley Epps, a black demolitions expert (Kenneth Lee Spencer), Pvt. Matthew Hardy, a conscientious objector in the Medical Corps (Phillip Terry), Pvt. Francis X. Matowski, an engineer (Barry Nelson), Pvt. "Yankee" Salazar, a Philippine Scout (Alex Havier), Pvt. Sam Molloy, a cook (Tom Dugan), Corporal Jake Feingold (Thomas Mitchell) (Chemical Corps) and Seaman Leonard Purckett, a naive young navy musician (Robert Walker). Sergeant Bill Dane (Robert Taylor) is from the regular 31st Infantry, while Corporal Barney Todd (Lloyd Nolan) claims to be a signalman. However, Dane suspects him of being a pre-war acquaintance, a soldier accused of murder who had escaped while being guarded by then-military policeman Dane.

They dig in on a hillside and blow up the bridge, but their commander, cavalry Captain Henry Lassiter (Lee Bowman), is killed by a sniper, leaving Dane in charge. One by one, the defenders are killed, with one, Pvt. Felix Ramirez, succumbing to malaria.

Army Air Corps pilot Lieutenant Steve Bentley (played by future Senator George Murphy) and his Filipino mechanic, Corporal Juan Katigbak (Roque Espiritu), work frantically to repair an airplane. They succeed, but Katigbak is killed and Bentley is mortally wounded. He has them load explosives aboard, takes off and deliberately crashes his plane into the bridge's foundation.

The remaining soldiers repel a massive frontal assault. Epps and Feingold are killed in the battle, with Epps being beheaded by a samurai sword. Purckett and Todd are later killed by Japanese soldiers who had feigned being dead, leaving only Sergeant Dane. Before he dies, Todd admits to Dane that he is actually Dan Burns, the soldier who had escaped from Dane's custody. Dane stoically digs his own marked grave beside those of his fallen comrades, waits in it, and fires at the onrushing enemy as the final credits roll.

Cast

• Robert Taylor – Sgt. Bill Dane – 31st Infantry
• George Murphy – Lt. Steve Bentley – Army Air Corps
• Thomas Mitchell – Cpl. Jake Feingold – Chemical Corps
• Lloyd Nolan – Cpl. Barney Todd
• Lee Bowman – Capt. Henry Lassiter – 26th Cavalry
• Robert Walker – Musician 2nd Class Leonard Purckett – US Navy
• Desi Arnaz – Pvt. Felix Ramirez – 194th Tank Battalion – California Army National Guard
• Barry Nelson – Pvt. F.X. Matowski
• Phillip Terry – Pvt. Matthew Hardy – Medical Corps
• Roque Espiritu – Cpl. Juan Katigbak – Army Air Corps
• Kenneth Lee Spencer – Pvt. Wesley Epps – Corps of Engineers
• Alex Havier – Pvt. Yankee Salazar – Philippine Scouts
• Tom Dugan – Pvt. Sam Malloy

Production

The presence of a racially integrated fighting force prevented the film's showing in the United States' South.

Scenes from the 1934 RKO film The Lost Patrol, directed by John Ford, were reused in this film.

Reception

According to one historian, the film "successfully made white viewers aware... of the inherent sadism in the American lynching ritual". By the 1940s publications were able to mass distribute photographs taken of hanged men, so there was a "rewriting of the respective relations of the black and the Asian to the white norm, as the film adjusted to a wartime context [which raised questions of integration]."^[1]

See also

• Back to Bataan, a 1945 RKO film directed by Edward Dmytryk and starring John Wayne which covers to the same setting and theme.

References

External links

• Bataan at the TCM Movie Database
• Bataan at the Internet Movie Database
• Bataan at AllRovi