Bathynellacea

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Bathynellacea
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropod
Subphylum: Crustacea
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Syncarida
Order: Bathynellacea
Chappuis, 1915 [1][2]
Families [1]
  • Bathynellidae Grobben, 1905
  • Parabathynellidae Noodt, 1965

Bathynellacea is an order of crustaceans which live interstitially in groundwater.[3] Some species can tolerate low salt concentrations, and at least one African species is a thermophile, living in hot springs and tolerating temperatures up to 55 °C (131 °F).[4] Bathynellaceans are minute, blind, worm-like animals with short, weak legs,[5] reaching a maximum size of 3.4 millimetres (0.13 in).[6] They are found on every continent except Antarctica, although they are missing from some islands, including Fiji, New Caledonia and the Caribbean islands.[4] There are two families, Bathynellidae and Parabathynellidae; a third family, "Leptobathynellidae", is considered a synonym of Parabathynellidae.[7]

References

  1. ^ a b "Bathynellacea". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=621157. Retrieved October 20, 2010. 
  2. ^ Pierre-Alfred Chappuis (1915). "Bathynella natans und ihre Stellung im System" (in de). Zoologische Jahrbücher: Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere 40 (2): 147–176. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9759482. 
  3. ^ J. K. Lowry. "Bathynellacea (Malacostraca)". Crustacea, the Higher Taxa: Description, Identification, and Information Retrieval. http://crustacea.net/crustace/www/bathynel.htm. Retrieved October 20, 2010. 
  4. ^ a b "Bathynellacea". Animal Life Resource. Jrank. http://animals.jrank.org/pages/1766/Bathynellaceans-Bathynellacea.html. Retrieved October 20, 2010. 
  5. ^ "Crustacean". Encyclopædia Britannica. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/359445/malacostracan/33792/Annotated-classification#. Retrieved 2009-11-26. 
  6. ^ "Bathynellacea (bathynellaceans)". Identification and Ecology of Australian Freshwater Invertebrates. Murray Darling Freshwater Research Centre. http://www.mdfrc.org.au/bugguide/display.asp?class=18&subclass=33&order=29&Couplet=0&Type=3. Retrieved October 20, 2010. 
  7. ^ Jan Drewes & Horst Kurt Schminke (2011). "Number of families within Bathynellacea (Malacostraca) and year of publication of their names, with redescription of Baicalobathynella magna (Bazikalova, 1954) from Lake Baikal". Crustaceana 84 (11): 1377–1401. DOI:10.1163/001121611X590120. 

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Bathynellidae (invertebrate zoology)
Syncarida (arthropoda)