Battle of Crucifix Hill

Battle of Crucifix Hill
Part of World War II
Date October 8, 1944 Location 50°47′57.63″N 6°8′21.9″E / 50.7993417°N 6.139417°E / 50.7993417; 6.139417Coordinates: 50°47′57.63″N 6°8′21.9″E / 50.7993417°N 6.139417°E / 50.7993417; 6.139417 Aachen, Germany Result American victory
Belligerents
Germany	United States
Commanders
Gerhard Wilck	Henry G. Leonard, Jr.

The Battle of Crucifix Hill was a World War II battle that took place on October 8, 1944, on Crucifix Hill (Haarberg) (Hill 239), next to the village of Haaren in Germany and was a part of the U.S. 1st Division's campaign to seize Aachen, Germany. The Battle of Aachen was part of the Drive to the Siegfried Line. The hill was named after a large crucifix mounted on the top of the hill. The objective of the battle was to gain control of the hill, which was laced with a maze of pillboxes and bunkers, so that the main objective of encircling Aachen could be completed. The hill was held by units of the German 246th Volksgrenadier Division.

Charging the hill

The 18th Infantry Regiment, U.S. 1st Infantry Division, commanded by Col. George A. Smith Jr., directed its 1st Battalion (commanded by Lt. Col. Henry G. Leonard, Jr.) to take the hill employing special pillbox assault teams equipped with flamethrowers, Bangalore torpedoes, and demolition charges. A battery of tank destroyers and self-propelled guns were to provide supporting direct fire at the pillboxes. As the leading rifle platoon of C Company assaulted the first pillbox, flanking fire from a nearby pillbox gun emplacement took the platoon in crossfire. The pinned-down soldiers also experienced an intense artillery barrage on their exposed positions.

Captain Bobbie Brown

Captain Bobbie E. Brown was the company commander of C Company, a former boxer who had earned a battlefield commission in Normandy. During the onslaught of the nearby pillbox, Captain Brown grabbed a pole charge and ran 100 yards with bullets whipping by him, and placed the charge in the pillbox, destroying it. He did this twice more to two other pillboxes, each time successfully destroying the pillbox; only on the third one was he injured by a mortar round. Although he was wounded, he refused medical attention and continued up the hill. After the hill was secure, he went by himself on a reconnaissance mission to locate enemy troops beyond the hill. He deliberately drew the enemy fire to find out where enemy emplacements were. While doing this he was wounded twice more. The information he discovered about German emplacements allowed his company to repel two German counterattacks. Only after the position was completely secure did he allow treatment for his wounds. For his actions during the Battle of Crucifix Hill, Captain Brown received the Medal of Honor.

The 1st Battalion seized the hill in approximately an hour's time, and after consolidating its positions oversaw the destruction of the crucifix, which the Americans suspected of having been the position of German artillery observers.

See also

• List of military engagements of World War II
• Battle of Aachen
• Battle of Hurtgen Forest

References

• Schur, Keith. "Combat Mission: Crucifix Hill." Games Depot. 20 May 2003. Wargamer Publishing, Inc.. 24 Nov 2006
• "Battle of Crucifix Hill." Patton's Gallery. Patton's Gallery. 24 Nov 2006
• "CHAPTER XII Closing the Circle." CMH Online. 26 September 2006. U.S. Army Center of Military History. 25 Nov 2006

External links

• National Infantry Museum Medal of Honor of Captain Bobbie E. Brown