Beniwal

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Beniwal (बेनीवाल) Veniwal (वेणिवाल) Venhval (वेनवाल) Benhival (बेन्हीवाल) Vainiwal (वैनीवाल) Bhainiwal (बैनीवाल) Bahinwar (बहिनवार) Veniwal (वेनीवाल) is a clan or gotra of Jats in Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh in India. They were rulers in Jangladesh, Bikaner. Dilip Singh Ahlawat has mentioned it as one of the ruling Jat clans in Central Asia.^[1] They are branch of Chauhan.

Contents 1 Origin 2 History 3 बेनीवाल गोत्र का इतिहास 3.1 रायसलाणा के बेणीवाल 4 Beniwal khap 5 Distribution in Rajasthan 5.1 Villages in Sikar district 5.2 Villages in Bikaner district 5.3 Villages in Churu district 5.4 Villages in Jodhpur district 5.5 Villages in Barmer district 5.6 Villages in Jalor district 5.7 Locations in Jaipur 5.8 Villages in Jaipur district 5.9 Villages in Jhunjhunu district 5.10 Villages in Nagaur district 5.11 Villages in Hanumangarh district 5.12 Villages in Ganganagar district 5.13 Villages in Chittorgarh district 5.14 Villages in Karauli district 5.15 Villages in Baran district 5.16 Villages in Tonk district 6 Distribution in Madhya Pradesh 6.1 Villages in Nimach district 6.2 Villages in Mandsaur district 6.3 Villages in Ratlam district 6.4 Villages in Rajgarh district 6.5 Villages in Dhar district 6.6 Villages in Harda district 7 Distribution in Uttar Pradesh 7.1 Villages in Bijnor district 7.2 Villages in Muzaffarnagar district 7.3 Villages in Mathura district 8 Distribution in Haryana 8.1 Villages in Panipat district 8.2 Villages in Karnal district 8.3 Villages in Bhiwani district 8.4 Villages in Sirsa district 8.5 Villages in Fatehabad district 8.6 Villages in Hisar district 8.7 Villages in Jhajjar district 8.8 Villages in Kaithal district 8.9 Villages in Rohtak district 8.10 Villages in Jind district 8.11 Villages in Sonipat district 9 Distribution in Punjab 9.1 Villages in Patiala district 9.2 Villages in Mansa district 9.3 Villages in Moga district 10 In Delhi 11 Distribution in Uttrakhand 12 Notable persons of this gotra 13 See also 14 References

Origin

They are Nagavanshi kshatriyas. They descended from Vena (वेन), the ancestor of Prithu, who is called the first consecrated king of the earth.^[2]

History

Earlier they were in Central Asia and than they migrated to northern salt-range Punjab region in India and at the time of Alexander's invasion of Punjab in 326 B.C. they fought with Alexander The Great and than Beniwal along with Sihag,Punia,Godara,Saran and Johiya migrated to north Rajasthan region known as Jangladesh and ruled there till 15th century .

Benae of Pliny

They are mentioned by Pliny as Benae, along the Brysai,^[3] the modern Beniwal and Vāraish Jats. They are very ancient people and in the Central Asia they were called by the name of Ven or Ben. They are frequently mentioned in Central Asian History.

Ven/Vain/Bain of B S Dahiya

Bhim Singh Dahiya writes about the kingdom of Ven, on Lake Van in Turkey in the tenth century B.C. They are the Benae of the later Greek writers, the Beniwal or Venhwal clan of the Jats in India, whose king, Raja Chakravarti Ben/Ven. (the Chakva Ben) is famous in Indian legends from the Punjab to Bengal, without rinding a place in the present-day history. Significantly, the Ven kings, took the title of “king of kings”, “king of the world”—titles which were later taken up by the Achaemenians of Iran. In addition, the Ven kings are called, “The king of the Biainas” and “king of the Naire”. These titles show that the Ven kingdom, included the Bains and Nara clan of the Jats. Again, the Ven kings, extended their power over the Manna/Mannai and the Dayeni/Dahi people.^[4]

A village named Meena Majra, near Sonipat towards Ganaur, which contains ancient ruins, including the multi-story buildings. There are certain ancient temples and a large tank and goddesses near the site. The local People believe that this ancient city was capital of king Chakwa Ben. The identity of this ruler Chakwa Ben is not known to the historians. However a stupa near Kesariya, known by the name of Raja Ben Chakravarti is described by Hiuen-Tsang as a memorial of Chakravarti kings.^[5] Carlleyle notes a similar local tradition from Bairat (Jaipur), and there too, the name is Chakwa Ben.^[6] Cunningham mentions similar legends of Chakravarti Ben in Bihar, Awadh and Ruhel Khand. Carlleyle says, he was an Indo-Scythian king. He is right. The king belonged to Ben or Beniwal clan.^[7]

In Jangladesh area

The philosophy of their origin from the Shiva's lock indicates that they belong to the Nagavansha. They are considered to be of Shiva (Shivi) gotra. Shivi and Taxak were neighbourers. After the attack of Alexander the Shivi and Taxak people moved down to Panjab and occupied Jangladesh. Beniwal Gotra Jats were one of them to occupy parts of Jangladesh. The Jangladesh region corresponded with the princely state of Bikaner. They reached here in early period of Christian era and ruled till 15th century when Rathores occupied the Jangladesh.^[8]

According to James Todd the Beniwal republic in Jangladesh had 150 villages under them with capital at Raisalana and districts like Bhukarkho, Sanduri, Manoharpur, Kooi, Bae.

Rathores under the leadership of Bika and Kandal were spreading their rule in Jangladesh in the 15th century. At that time Beniwal Jats were ruling over about 150 villages in Jangladesh region. Their capital was at "Rai Selana" and their king was Raisall. Raisall was a simple and brave ruler. Their territory included the important towns like Bookerko, Saundri, Manoharpur, Kooi and Bai. Godara Jats, who were the most powerful, had aligned with Rathores due to which Beniwals faced a defeat and Rathore Rajputs occupied their territory.^[9]

बेनीवाल गोत्र का इतिहास

बेनीवाल गोत्र संसार के प्राचीनतम तथा स्तम्भ चार गोत्रों में से एक है. पूनिया गोत्र के बाद जनसंख्या में यह दूसरे या तीसरे नंबर पर आती है. जाट प्राचीन शासक के लेखक भीम सिंह दहिया लिखते हैं कि इस गोत्र का वर्णन ८०० ई.पू. प्लिनी ने भी किया है. वे लिखते हैं कि उस समय इनको बेनई के रूप में जाना जाता था तथा 'वाल' एक प्रत्यय है. तैतीय एवं सतपथ ब्रह्मण तथा कान्ठक सहित इस दावे को सिद्ध करते हैं कि यह आर्याव्रत के प्राचीन गोत्रों में से एक है. इनका पूर्वज पृथ्थू था जोकि वेन पुत्र था और कृषि विशेषज्ञ था. यही राजा पृथ्वी का प्रथम प्रतिष्ठित राजा हुआ. इसकी १५ पीढियों बाद वें द्वितीय राजा हुआ. वैन/बैन द्वितीय ही नागवंशियों का प्रथम तथा कुल ६ चकवों में से एक चकवा था. यही महाराजा चकवा वैन के नाम से प्रसिद्द हुआ. अनुमान है कि यह महाभारत से बहुत पहले हुआ था. इसी के नाम से वर्तमान वेनीवाल गोत्र प्रारंभ हुआ. महाराजा चकवा वैन का एक किला शेरशाह सूरी मार्ग पर गन्नोर से ८ किमी दूरी पर है.^[10]

जाटों के जो वंश ई.पू. सैंकडों वर्ष पहले हरिवर्ष (यूरोप) गए थे उनमें से एक वैन/बैन (बेनीवाल) भी था. इनके राज्य डेनमार्क, इंगलैंड, अर्मीनिया, टर्की आदि देशों में रहे तथा ये लोग आज ईसाई धर्म के पालक हैं. वैन/बैन/दें के रूप में आबाद ^[11] से भी प्राप्त होती है. यह उल्लेख जाट इतिहासकारों ठाकुर देशराज, कैप्टेन दलीप सिंह अहलावत अदि की इतिहास पुस्तकों में भी है. बीकानेर क्षेत्र में १५० गांवों पर इनका राज्य था. कुछ इतिहासकार गांवों की संख्या ३६० बताते हैं. भादरा जिला हनुमानगढ़ में आज भी इस गोत्र की बहुतायत है. भारतीय पुरातत्व खंड vi में इनके प्रमाण हैं. सिख इतिहासकार कन्निंघम ने भी बिहार, अवध, रुहेल खंड में चकवा वैन के प्रमाण दिए हैं.^[12]

टर्की, आर्मीनिया आदि देशों में वैन/बैन के नाम की अति प्राचीन झीलें हैं. रूस और डेनमार्क में भी इनके प्रमाण मिलते हैं.^[13]

राजस्थान में एक गोत्र के आधार पर इसी गोत्र की जनसंख्या सर्वाधिक है. हरयाणा, पंजाब, दिल्ली, उत्तर प्रदेश, उत्तराँचल, बिहार में भी यह गोत्र आबाद है. शिव से इसकी उत्पति मानी गई है. शिव इनके अराध्य देव हैं. बीकानेर में इनका राज्य जाटों की एकता के अभाव के कारण समाप्त हो गया. इनका राज्य राठोडों द्वारा हथिया लिया गया था उसके बाद भी बेनीवाल गोत्र के मुखियाओं को रुपये ५००/- प्रतिमाह और पगड़ी भेंट में दी जाती थी. इस गोत्र के राजा बड़े दानी थे. कहते हैं इन्होने अपने मिराशियों को भी हाथी दान दिया था. इनके रहन सहन का ढंग उत्तम था. वर्तमान में चौधरी लक्ष्मी नारायण छाता क्षेत्र से मायावती सरकार में कृषि मन्त्री हैं. भरत सिंह दड़बा कला सिरसा से, कुलबीर सिंह भट्टू कला से विधायक हैं तथा संजीव बेनीवाल भादरा से पूर्व विधायक हैं.^[14]

रायसलाणा के बेणीवाल

रायसलाणा चुरू से 50 मील उत्तर-पूर्व में और सारण जाटों के ठिकाने भाड़ंग से 18 मील उत्तर-पूर्व में स्थित है. यह बेणीवाल जाटों की राजधानी था. बेणीवालों के कितने गाँव थे, इसके बारे में इतिहासकारों में बड़ा मतभेद है. ठाकुर देशराज ने बेणीवालों के गाँवों की संख्या 84, चारण रामनाथ रत्नू ने 40, और मुंशी ज्वालासहय ने वाकए राजपूताना में 150 दी है. दयालदास ने अपनी ख्यात में संख्या 360 गाँवों के होने का उल्लेख किया है.^[15] राठोड़ों के आगमन के समय इनका सरदार रायसल था. रायसल की बेटी मलकी का विवाह भाड़ंग के सरदार पूला सारण के साथ हुआ था. इसी मलकी के अपहरण काण्ड को लेकर गोदारों का शेष सब जाटों से युद्ध हुआ था और अंत में सीधमुख के पास ढाका नमक स्थान पर जो लड़ाई हुई, उसमें गोदारों के सहायक राठोड़ों की विजय हुई थी, जिसके परिणाम स्वरूप रायसलाणा के ठिकाने पर भी राठोड़ों का अधिकार हो गया था.^[16][17]

Beniwal khap

Beniwal khap has 360 villages in Churu, Jaipur and Mathura districts. In Jatu language they call themselves Bhainwar and this khap as Bhainwar khap. This khap has 12 villages around Kosi Kalan.^[18]

Distribution in Rajasthan

Villages in Sikar district

Abhawas, Babalan, Bhagatpura, Chuwas, Dhandhan, Dholia, Kotri Dhaylan, Khud, Ranoli, Swami ki Dhani, Sherpura, Sikar,

Villages in Bikaner district

Bandha,

Villages in Churu district

Balrasar (6), Biramsar, Dalman (1), Daloosar, Khuri Churu (1), Loonasar, Mundital, Raburi,

Villages in Jodhpur district

Bahara Khurd, Bhojakare, Phalaudi, Jodhpur, Khabeda, Madla Kalan, Raimalwara, Salwa Kalla,

Villages in Barmer district

Aadel, Bachhraoo, Baitu Panji, Bankana Tala, Bataru, Beniwalon Ki Dhani, Beniwalsar, Beriwala Tala (बेरीवाला तला), Bhadkha, Bhimarlai (भीमरलाई), Bhomun Ka Tala, Bola Barmer, Chandesara, Chaukriya Ki Dhani, Dhanaoo, Dharasar, Garal (80), Jalipa, Kalyanpura, Khattoo, Koloo, Lilala, Lilsar, Mangle Ki Beri, Naukh (5), Nokhra (20), Ratasar, Raychandpura, Seoniyala, Somesara,

Villages in Jalor district

Lalji Ki Dungari,

Locations in Jaipur

Ambabari, Amer, Banipark, Gandhi Nagar, Hanuman Nagar, Hasanpura, Jharkhand Mahadev, Jhotwara, Khatipura, Madhuvan Conony, Maharani Farm, Malviy Nagar, Mansarowar Colony, Murlipura Scheme, Queens Road, Station Road, Tonk Road,

Villages in Jaipur district

Biharipura Sawli (18), Kaladera, Moondya (1), Naya Nimodia (3), Nomodia (1),

Villages in Jhunjhunu district

Kodesar, Raghunathpura, Bijnai Ka Bas (Raghunathpura), Pura Ki Dhani

Villages in Nagaur district

Barangaon, Charanwas Degana, Chimrani, Deh, Dholiya, Kalwa, Manjhee, Mithariya, Nagri, Panchla Siddha, Ramsari,

Villages in Hanumangarh district

Baramsar (बरमसर), Bhaguwala, Bhanai, Bharwana, Chhani Badi, Chautala, Daulatpura-Tibbi, Deeplana, Dhaban, Deengarh, Gandhi Badi, Gillwala, Hanumangarh, Indrapura, Kalana, Kishanpura Utradha, Kulchander, Morjanda Khari, Munsari, Nagrana, Naiwala, Naurangdesar, Nimla, Neemla, Nohar, Parlika, Phephana, Pirkamdia, Rajpuria, Ramgarh, Ramgarh Ujjalwas, Raslana, Ratanpura, Rohidawali, Sangariya, Sonri, Talwada Jheel (तलवाडा झील)

Villages in Ganganagar district

Bhamuwali Dhani (Goluwala), Daulatpura,

Villages in Chittorgarh district

Pachhali, Deokheda (1), Jalaudia (2), Jamlawda (1), Karju (1),

Villages in Karauli district

Mandawara,

Villages in Baran district

Bhanwargarh,

Villages in Tonk district

Janakipura (1), Kalyanpura Nukkad (1),

Distribution in Madhya Pradesh

Barnawad Rajgarh, Gwalior, Abagaon Khurd (Harda),

Villages in Nimach district

Nimach (3), Aspura (2), Aghoriya (15), Dhokalkheda (3), Harnawda (3), Harwar (9), Barkheda Jat (1), Hanumantia (1), Kesarpura (34), Khor Vikram (2), Kundala (2), Morvan (2), Nanpuriya (2), Nayagaon Jawad (2), Roop Pura (1),

Villages in Mandsaur district

Malhargarh (Mandsaur)

Villages in Ratlam district

Villages in Ratlam with population of this gotra are:

Bainiwal in Dantodiya 48, Beniwal in Bilpank 1, Namli 1,

Villages in Ratlam with population of Veniwal (वेनीवाल) gotra are:

Ghatwas 1, Kalori khurd 1, Negarda 3,

Villages in Rajgarh district

Beniwals live in Barnawad (बरनावाद) village in Narsinghgarh tahsil in Rajgarh district in Madhya Pradesh.

Villages in Dhar district

Beniwals live in Badwai (बडवई) village in Badnawar tahsil in Dhar district in Madhya Pradesh.

Dattigara (2),

Villages in Harda district

Segone,

Distribution in Uttar Pradesh

Villages in Bijnor district

Shahpur,

Villages in Muzaffarnagar district

Gohrani, Titawi,

Villages in Mathura district

Mathura - Kosi and nearby areas(12 villages).

Distribution in Haryana

Villages in Panipat district

Samalkha, Bhapura

Villages in Karnal district

Dupedi (दुपेड़ी), Fafdana (फफड़ाना),

Villages in Bhiwani district

Bilawal, Kaluwas, Mundhal,

Villages in Sirsa district

Distt Sirsa- Anandgarh, Arniawali (अरनियावाली), Asa khera (आसा खेडा), Barasari, Baruwali, Berwala Khurd, Chadiwal (चाडीवाल), Chaharwala, Chadiwal, Darba Kalan (दड़बा कलां), Dandh (डंढ़), Dhingtania (धिंगतानिया), Gigorani (गिगोरानी), Gussaina, Hanzira, Jamal, Jogiwala, Kagdana (कागदाना), Kaluana,Kairanwali, Madho Singhana,Mammad Khera, Neemla, Pili Mandori, Raipuria,Rampura, Rupana, Rupawas, Shakar Mandori,Suchan,Sultanpuria, Tarkanwali, Tarvakawali (तरवकावाली), Teja Khera, Tajia Khera (ताजिया खेङा) (Sirsa)

Villages in Fatehabad district

Sulu kheda,

Villages in Hisar district

Balak, Khariya, Dhani Mithi, Chuli Bagadian, Dobhi, Shahpur, Dhansu,

Villages in Jhajjar district

Safipur, Godhri (गोधड़ी), Kutani (कुताणी), Malikpur,

Villages in Kaithal district

Budhakhera (बुढ़ाखेडा), Chandana (चंदाना),

Villages in Rohtak district

Mayna (मायना),

Villages in Jind district

Dhobi (ढोबी), Hamirgarh (हमीरगढ़), Narwana,

Villages in Sonipat district

Shekhpura (शेखपुरा),

Distribution in Punjab

Villages in Patiala district

There are (4,440) Bhainiwals in Patiala district.

Dighawali, Kular,

Villages in Mansa district

• Behniwal is village in Mansa tahsil in Mansa district in Punjab.

Villages in Moga district

• Kokri Behniwal is village in Moga tahsil in Moga District district in Punjab.

In Delhi

Pitampura (Rohini) Please Note:- There are few SC families(not Jats) in Delhi who write beniwal as gotr/surname because they lived in Beniwal gotr villages.

Distribution in Uttrakhand

There are (1,000) Beniwal in Haridwar district. Mandawali

Mit 09:02, 11 May 2009 (UTC)Amit Sarkar Beniwal

Notable persons of this gotra

• Abhimanyu Beniwal,Deputy Director-Ministry Of Commerce And Industry,Govt Of India
• Amrita Devi - Bishnoi Martyr
• Bhim Sen Chaudhary (1925–2000) - Six time MLA from Lunkaransar, Bikaner, Rajasthan
• Bhaleram Beniwal - Jat historian
• Late Ch.Kalyan singh - First Jat Magistrate (Roorkee)in British time Mandawali,Haridwar Uttarakhand
• Kamala Beniwal - Political leader from Rajasthan
• Dilip Singh Beniwal - Social Worker
• Magha Ram Beniwal - Martyr of 1965 Indo-Pak War, Village Khattoo, Barmer
• Dewa Ram Beniwal - Martyr of 1971 Indo-Pak War, Village:Bayatu Panji (Barmer)
• Jetha Ram Beniwal - Advocate and Kisan Leader from Garal (Barmer), Rajasthan
• Jeth Nath Paramhans (Beniwal) - Mathadhis of Jasnath Ahram Koloo
• Sanjay Beniwal - IPS Delhi
• B.S. Beniwal -IFS AGMU
• Harvir Singh Beniwal - RJS Rajasthan
• Chhatra Singh Beniwal - RAS Rajasthan
• Ramrikh Beniwal - Social worker, Originally from village Chudi Bagdian (चूली बागड़ियान) district Hisar in Haryana but settled at Jaipur in Rajasthan^[19]
• Kaluram Beniwal - Teacher and social worker from village Khidki (खिड़की) tehsil Niwai district Tonk, Rajasthan.^[20]
• Balbir Singh Beniwal - Retired DIG (BSF), settled in Hanuman Nagar, Jaipur. Vill.- Raburi,P.O-Rawatsar,Via-Sankhoo Fort, Distt.- Churu,Rajasthan,
• Birbal Singh Beniwal - Retired Deputy Director (Sports), Born in 1935, Beniwal Travels firm at Nasik ^[21]
• Dr D S Beniwal, Hanumangarh
• Late. Major S.S. Beniwal IC 1769 Samalkha (Panipat)
• Lt Cdr(retd) G.S.Beniwal Samalkha email: lcdr.beniwal@gmail.com
• Ex-Capt.P.S.Beniwal Samalkha- now settled in New Jersey(USA)
• Virendra Beniwal - MLA Lunkaransar, recipient of Indian Farm Journalist Award - 2006
• Vijender Singh Beniwal - Silver medalist (69 kg) in boxing Commonwealth Games 2006 and bronze medal(75 kg) in Beijing Olympics 2008.
• Maj Gen O P Beniwal,VSM. corps of signal.presently posted at n delhi. son of late Ch Ram rikh Beniwal.
• Balwinder Beniwal - Indian boxer
• Preeti Beniwal - Indian Woman Boxer
• Sanjeev Beniwal - Ex-MLA from Bhadra, District Hanumangarh
• Jagdish Beniwal - Ex-MLA from Darba Kalan, District Sirsa
• Vidya Beniwal - Ex-MLA from Darba Kalan, District Sirsa
• Bharat Singh Beniwal - Present MLA from Darba Kalan, District Sirsa
• Hanuman Beniwal - BJP MLA from Khinvsar,Nagaur and Ex-President, University of Rajasthan Jaipur
• Ram Deo Singh Beniwal - RAS, Home dist - Churu
• Lal Singh Beniwal - Progressive farmer
• Major N S Beniwal - Doctor in AMC
• Dr Sandeep Beniwal - from Bijnai Ka Bas (Raghunathpura) in Jhunjhunu distt.

• Dharam Pal (Beniwal) - Chief Engineer Merchant Navy, Date of Birth : 25-May-1958, Vill.- Ramgaria, PO.& Teh.- Bhadra, Distt.- Hanumangarh, Rajasthan,
• Bagta Ram Beniwal - Superintendent Central Excise & Customs, Home District : Barmer, Date of Birth : 1-April-1962, Present Address : 304, Madhuram Aptt., Chharwada Road, GIDC, Vapi-396195 Gujarat, Mob: 9426889292, Email: beniwal62@yahoo.com
• Devendra Kumar Beniwal - IES (1999) from village Garal (Barmer),

See also

• Lake Van on Wikipedia

References

Constructs such as ibid., loc. cit. and idem are discouraged by Wikipedia's style guide for footnotes, as they are easily broken. Please improve this article by replacing them with named references (quick guide), or an abbreviated title. (June 2012)

1. ^ Dilip Singh Ahlawat: Jat viron ka Itihasa
2. ^ Bhim Singh Dahiya:Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Jat Clan in India, p.291
3. ^ op. cit., Vol. VI, 11
4. ^ Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Introduction, p.ix
5. ^ V A Smith, Journal of Royal Asiatic Society, 1902, p. 271
6. ^ ASI, Vol. VI, p. 84
7. ^ Bhim Singh Dahiya: Jats the Ancient Rulers, p.247-248
8. ^ Thakur Deshraj: Jat Itihas (Hindi), Maharaja Suraj Mal Smarak Shiksha Sansthan, Delhi, 1934
9. ^ Thakur Deshraj: Jat Itihas (Hindi), Maharaja Suraj Mal Smarak Shiksha Sansthan, Delhi, 1934
10. ^ भलेराम बेनीवाल:जाट योद्धाओं का इतिहास, पृ. ६९८
11. ^ फारस की लड़ाई ५५६ ई.पू लेखक भगवती चरण वर्मा
12. ^ भलेराम बेनीवाल:जाट योद्धाओं का इतिहास, पृ. ६९९
13. ^ भलेराम बेनीवाल:जाट योद्धाओं का इतिहास, पृ. ६९९
14. ^ भलेराम बेनीवाल:जाट योद्धाओं का इतिहास, पृ. ६९९
15. ^ दयालदास ख्यात, देशदर्पण, पेज 20
16. ^ गोविन्द अग्रवाल, चुरू मंडल का शोधपूर्ण इतिहास, पेज 121
17. ^ Dr Pema Ram, The Jats Vol. 3, ed. Dr Vir Singh,Originals, Delhi, 2007 p. 206
18. ^ Dr Ompal Singh Tugania: Jat Samuday ke Pramukh Adhar Bindu, Agra, 2004, p. 19
19. ^ Dr Mahendra Singh Arya, Dharmpal Singh Dudee, Kishan Singh Faujdar & Vijendra Singh Narwar: Ādhunik Jat Itihasa (The modern history of Jats), Agra 1998, p. 376
20. ^ Dr Mahendra Singh Arya, Dharmpal Singh Dudee, Kishan Singh Faujdar & Vijendra Singh Narwar: Ādhunik Jat Itihasa (The modern history of Jats), Agra 1998, Section 9 pp. 70
21. ^ Dr Mahendra Singh Arya, Dharmpal Singh Dudee, Kishan Singh Faujdar & Vijendra Singh Narwar: Ādhunik Jat Itihasa (The modern history of Jats), Agra 1998, Section 10 pp. 13

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