A system of plant taxonomy, the Bessey system was published in
- Charles E. Bessey (1915). "The phylogenetic taxonomy of flowering plants". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 2: 109–164. doi:. available online at "Botanicus.org" (PDF). Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.botanicus.org/item/31753999990002. Retrieved on 2007-08-16.
Bessey considered Spermatophyta as having had polyphyletic origin, being composed by three different phyla, of the which he treated only of Anthophyta (syn.: Angiosperms).
With some modifications, most modern classifications - for example, those of Cronquist (1981, 1983, 1988), Takhtajan (1969, 1980, 1983, 1991), Stebbins (1974), R. Dahlgren (1975, 1980, 1983; R. Dahlgren et al. 1981; R. Dahlgren and Rasmussen 1983; R. Dahlgren and Bremer 1985; G. Dahlgren 1989), and Thorne (1976, 1981, 1983, 1992) - follow the Bessey tradition. [1]
Sources for classification below: G. H. M. Lawrence (1951). Taxonomy of vascular plants. and original (1915).
-
- phylum Angiospermae
- 1 classis Alternifoliae syn.:Monocotyledoneae
- 1 subclassis Strobiloideae
-
- ordo Alismatales
- ordo Liliales
- Liliaceae
- Stemonaceae
- Pontederiaceae
- Cyanastraceae
- Philydraceae
- Commelinaceae
- Xyridaceae
- Mayacaceae
- Juncaceae
- Eriocaulaceae as Eriocaulonaceae [sic]
- Thurniaceae
- Rapateaceae
- Najadaceae as Naiadaceae [sic]
- ordo Arales
- ordo Palmales
- Palmae as Palmaceae [sic]
- ordo Graminales
-
- 2 subclassis Cotyloideae
-
- ordo Hydrales
- Vallisneriaceae syn.: Hydrocharitaceae
- ordo Iridales
- ordo Orchidales
- ordo Hydrales
-
- 1 subclassis Strobiloideae
- 1 classis Alternifoliae syn.:Monocotyledoneae
- phylum Angiospermae
-
-
- 2 classis Oppositifoliae syn.: Dicotyledoneae
- 1 subclassis Strobiloideae
- 1 superordo Apopetalae-Polycarpellatae
- ordo Ranales
- Magnoliaceae
- Calycanthaceae
- Monimiaceae
- Cercidiphyllaceae
- Trochodendraceae
- Leitneriaceae
- Annonaceae as Anonaceae [sic]
- Lactoridaceae
- Gomortegaceae
- Myristicaceae
- Saururaceae
- Piperaceae
- Lacistemaceae
- Chloranthaceae
- Ranunculaceae
- Lardizabalaceae
- Berberidaceae
- Menispermaceae
- Lauraceae
- Nelumbonaceae as Nelumbaceae [sic]
- Cabombaceae
- Ceratophyllaceae
- Dilleniaceae
- Winteraceae as Winteranaceae [sic]
- ordo Malvales
- Sterculiaceae
- Malvaceae
- Bombacaceae as Bombaceae [sic]
- Scytopetalaceae
- Chlaenaceae syn.: Sarcolaenaceae
- Gonystylaceae
- Tiliaceae
- Elaeocarpaceae
- Balanopaceae as Balanopsidaceae [sic]
- Ulmaceae
- Moraceae
- Urticaceae
- ordo Sarraceniales
- ordo Geraniales
- ordo Guttiferales
- ordo Rhoedales
- Papaveraceae
- Tovariaceae
- Nymphaeaceae
- Moringaceae
- Resedaceae
- Capparaceae as Capparidaceae [sic]
- Brassicaceae
- ordo Caryophyllales
- Caryophyllaceae
- Elatinaceae
- Portulacaceae
- Aizoaceae
- Frankeniaceae
- Tamaricaceae
- Salicaceae
- Podostemaceae as Podostemonaceae [sic]
- Hydrostachyaceae as Hydrostachydaceae [sic]
- Phytolaccaceae
- Basellaceae
- Amaranthaceae
- Chenopodiaceae
- Polygonaceae
- Nyctaginaceae
- Cynocrambaceae syn.: Theligonaceae
- Bataceae as Batidaceae [sic]
- ordo Ranales
- 2 superordo Sympetalae-Polycarpellatae
- 3 superordo Sympetalae-Dicarpellatae
- ordo Gentianales
- ordo Polemoniales
- Polemoniaceae
- Convolvulaceae
- Hydrophyllaceae
- Boraginaceae as Borraginaceae
- Nolanaceae
- Solanaceae
- ordo Scrophulariales
- 1 superordo Apopetalae-Polycarpellatae
- 2 subclassis Cotyloideae
- 1 superordo Apopetalae
- ordo Rosales
- ordo Myrtales
- Lythraceae
- Sonneratiaceae
- Punicaceae
- Lecythidaceae
- Melastomataceae
- Myrtaceae
- Combretaceae
- Rhizophoraceae
- Oenotheraceae
- Halorrhagidaceae
- Hippuridaceae
- Cynomoriaceae
- Aristolochiaceae
- Rafflesiaceae
- Hydnoraceae
- ordo Loasales
- ordo Cactales
- ordo Celastrales
- Rhamnaceae
- Vitaceae
- Celastraceae
- Buxaceae
- Aquifoliaceae
- Cyrillaceae
- Pentaphylacaceae
- Corynocarpaceae
- Hippocrateaceae
- Stackhousiaceae
- Staphyleaceae
- Geissolomataceae
- Penaeaceae
- Oliniaceae
- Thymelaeaceae
- Hernandiaceae
- Elaeagnaceae
- Myzodendraceae
- Santalaceae
- Opiliaceae
- Grubbiaceae
- Olacaceae
- Loranthaceae
- Balanophoraceae
- ordo Sapindales
- ordo Apiales as Umbellales
- 1 superordo Apopetalae
- 1 subclassis Strobiloideae
- 2 classis Oppositifoliae syn.: Dicotyledoneae
-
-
-
-
-
- 2 superordo Sympetalae
- ordo Rubiales
- ordo Campanulales
- ordo Asterales
- Helianthaceae
- Ambrosiaceae
- Heleniaceae
- Arctotidaceae
- Calendulaceae
- Inulaceae
- Asteraceae
- Vernoniaceae
- Eupatoriaceae
- Anthemidaceae
- Senecionidaceae
- Carduaceae
- Mutisiaceae
- Lactucaceae
- 2 superordo Sympetalae
-
-
-
References
-
- ^ Zomlefer, W. B. (1994):Guide to flowering plant families.
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