Biminis

Coordinates: 25°44′N 79°15′W / 25.733°N 79.25°W / 25.733; -79.25

The main road through Alice Town is The King's Highway

Map of the Bahamas with the Biminis positioned center left (click to enlarge)

Bimini (pronounced /ˈbɪmɨni/) is the westernmost district of the Bahamas composed of a chain of islands located about 53 miles (81 km) due east of Miami, Florida. Bimini is the closest point in the Bahamas to the mainland United States and approximately 137 miles (209 km) west-northwest of Nassau.

Geography

The largest islands are North Bimini and South Bimini. The District of Bimini also includes Cay Sal Bank, more than 62 miles (100 km) further south, which is geographically not a part of the Bimini Islands but a separate unit.^[1] North Bimini is about seven miles (11 km) long and 700 feet (210 m) wide. Its main settlement is Alice Town, a collection of shops, restaurants, and bars surrounding a single road known as "The King's Highway".

South Bimini houses an airstrip, South Bimini Airport, and offers a quiet alternative to the slow bustle of North Bimini. There is a small community of homes on South Bimini known as Port Royale. For many years, South Bimini tourists were limited to boaters because there were few accommodations other than private homes.

The ocean surrounding the islands is considered to be one of the world's top big-game fishing spots.^[who?][2] Because Bimini is close to Miami, Florida, many American anglers go to the island by boat to fish or to enjoy the local nightlife. Scuba diving and snorkeling are also popular activities, as there are many shipwrecks in the area, such as the wreck of the SS Sapona, which ran aground in 1926 during a hurricane. The top of the ship is exposed to the air while the bottom half is submerged.^[3] Parts of the wreck were stripped over the years and some of the wood was used in the construction of the Compleat Angler Hotel and bar on North Bimini.^{[citation needed]}

History

Bimini is home to several landmarks said to contain mystical properties of obscure origins. Much of the historical data about these places is speculative in nature, and experts in various fields have opined across the full spectrum of explanation. The most contentious of these sites is The Bimini Road.

Chalks Turbo Mallard amphibian airplane at Bimini seaplane base in November 1989

During the period of Prohibition in the United States, Bimini was a favorite haven and supply point for the rum-running trade. Some claim that the term "the real McCoy" was applied to the rum provided by William S. McCoy, who used Bimini to transport whiskey to America during the Prohibition, although the phrase pre-dates the Prohibition Era – it is first recorded in the US in 1908^[4] – and the phrase is the subject of numerous fanciful folk etymologies.

Chalk's International Airlines operated flights between Miami and the Bahamas since 1917, so the company was an island institution for generations. As goods on the island were expensive because of shipping costs, many locals used Chalk's flights to buy cheaper goods in Florida and take the goods to Bimini.^[5] A Grumman Turbo Mallard of Flight 101 was en route to Bimini when it crashed on December 19, 2005 killing all 18 passengers and 2 crew; at least eleven of the passengers were Bimini residents.^[6] Locals on Bimini mourned the dead.^[7]

Just a few weeks later, on January 13, 2006, one of the most famous establishments in Bimini, the Compleat Angler Hotel burned to the ground in a raging fire. The bar is best remembered for the photographs and memorabilia of Ernest Hemingway that lined its walls; these photos were lost in the fire, which also took the life of owner, Julian Brown.^[8]

The Fountain of Youth

Bimini Island from space, June 1998

Juan Ponce de León and his search for the Fountain of Youth included references to Bimini. Arawak and/or Taíno spoke of a land called "Beimini" where the fountain could be found. Although the location was erroneously associated with the Bahamas, the natives referred to a location in the Gulf of Honduras.^[9] Though de León's expedition brought him to Florida, the fountain was rumored to exist within the shallow pools of South Bimini. Today there is a small freshwater well with a plaque commemorating the Fountain of Youth. The location is on the road leading to the South Bimini Airport.

Found within the salt water mangrove swamp that covers four miles (6 km) of North Bimini is The Healing Hole, a pool that lies at the end of a network of winding tunnels that stretch underground. During outgoing tides, these channels pump cool, mineral-laden fresh water into the pool. Natural lithium and sulfur are two of the minerals said to be contained in these waters, which seem to exhibit curative properties, as people express a sense of mental and physical rejuvenation after their visit.

Endemic species

Bimini is home to several unique, endemic and threatened species. The Bimini Boa (Epicrates striatus fosteri)^[10] protected by Bahamian law is the largest of the terrestrial reptiles on Bimini. The Bimini Ameiva (Ameiva auberi richmondi) is a very common, fast moving lizard on the island. The Smalltooth sawfish (Pristis pectinata) is one of the rarest fish in the world, sometimes listed as a critically endangered species by conservation groups.^[11]

Notable residents

Ernest Hemingway lived on Bimini from 1935 to 1937, staying at the Compleat Angler Hotel. He worked on To Have and Have Not and wrote a few articles, but mostly he fished aboard his boat Pilar, trolling the deep blue offshore waters for marlin, tuna and swordfish. Hemingway was attracted to Bimini by tales of the incredible fishing available in the Gulf Stream, the legendary “river” of warm water that rushes north past the Bahamas.^[8] An Atlantic blue marlin with a mass of 500 pounds (230 kg) caught off Bimini allegedly inspired Hemingway to write The Old Man and the Sea and Islands in The Stream.

South Bimini was home to Colonel Joseph C. Mackey, the founder of Mackey Airlines, which was later bought by Eastern Airlines. He built a home on the very southern tip of South Bimini. This structure would become the Sunshine Inn and is currently a bar and restaurant, though the hotel is gone.

Among Port Royale's other notable residents was Adam Clayton Powell, Jr., who was excluded from the U.S. House of Representatives because of allegations that he misappropriated Committee funds for his personal use. He stayed in Bimini from January, 1967 to April, 1969 in self-imposed exile until the Supreme Court ruled that the House had acted unconstitutionally when it excluded Powell, a duly elected member.

In May 1987, Colorado Senator Gary Hart's presidential bid was derailed after media reports exposed an affair with model Donna Rice. Photos taken of the Senator on an overnight trip to Bimini on the yacht Monkey Business fed the media frenzy. An intimate photo of Rice sitting on the lap of Hart on one of Bimini's docks was the nail in the coffin for Hart's campaign for the presidency.

The popular singer Jimmy Buffett also spent some time on South Bimini while writing one of his books.

Bimini Bay controversy

In May 2008, marine conservationist Jean-Michel Cousteau criticized Bimini Bay Resort, calling it a "catastrophe" and announcing, "allowing Bimini Bay to continue with phase II would certainly strip this island paradise of its precious natural riches. Over time, visitors and residents alike will suffer the decline of economic, social and environmental prosperity..."^[12] In response, some Bimini residents disagreed with Cousteau and voiced their support for Bimini Bay Resort, citing its environmental protections and economic promise.^[13]

Other meanings of Bimini

Bimini is a term and name derived from the Taino words Bibi (Mother) and Mini (Waters), meaning Mother of Many Waters. Taino is a Native American language of the Caribbean islands. Bimini is also the original Pre-Columbian Taino Arawak name for the land now known as Florida.^{[citation needed]}

A Bimini top is a type of canvas shelter on a small boat.

See also

• Bimini Road

References

Notes

Further reading

• Curran, A., and B. White, eds., 2005, Terrestrial and shallow marine geology of the Bahamas and Bermuda. Special Paper no. 300. Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado. ISBN: 0-8137-2300-0
• Kresge, Dave, 2005, VantagePoint Guide to Bimini, VantagePoint Guides. ISBN 0-9729589-1-6
• Saunders, Ashley, 2000, History of Bimini, Volume I, New World Press. ISBN 0-80-829-219 (S)
• Shinn, E. A., 2009, The mystique of beachrock. in Perspectives in Carbonate Geology: A Tribute to the Career of Robert Nathan Ginsburg, P. K. Swart, G. Eberli, and J. A. McKenzie, eds., pp. 19-28. Special Publication no. 41. International Association of Sedimentologists. ISBN 0-13-9781405193801
• Zink, David, 1978, 'The Stones of Atlantis, Prentice Hall Trade. ISBN 0-13-846923-7

External links

• Bimini Police Royal Bahamas Police
• Bimini Museum

v • d • e    Districts of the Bahamas Acklins · Berry Islands · Bimini · Black Point · Cat Island · Central Abaco · Central Andros · Central Eleuthera · Freeport · Crooked Island · East Grand Bahama · Exuma · Grand Cay · Harbour Island · Hope Town · Inagua · Long Island · Mangrove Cay · Mayaguana · Moore's Island · New Providence · North Abaco · North Andros · North Eleuthera · Ragged Island · Rum Cay · San Salvador · South Abaco · South Andros · South Eleuthera · Spanish Wells · West Grand Bahama