Coordinates: 51°47′N 3°05′W / 51.78°N 3.08°W
| Blaenavon | |
| Welsh: Blaenafon | |
 Big Pit National Coal Museum |
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  Blaenavon
Blaenavon shown within Wales |
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| Population | 6,349 |
|---|---|
| OS grid reference | |
| Principal area | Torfaen |
| Ceremonial county | Gwent |
| Country | Wales |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | PONTYPOOL |
| Postcode district | NP4 |
| Dialling code | 01495 |
| Police | Gwent |
| Fire | South Wales |
| Ambulance | Welsh |
| EU Parliament | Wales |
| UK Parliament | Torfaen |
| List of places: UK • Wales • Torfaen | |
| Blaenavon Industrial Landscape* | |
|---|---|
| UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
| State Party |  United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland |
| Type | Cultural |
| Criteria | iii, iv |
| Reference | 984 |
| Region** | Europe and North America |
| Inscription history | |
| Inscription | 2000 (24th Session) |
| * Name as inscribed on World Heritage List. ** Region as classified by UNESCO. |
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Blaenavon (Welsh: Blaenafon) is a town and World Heritage Site in south eastern Wales, lying at the source of the Afon Llwyd north of Pontypool, within the historic boundaries of Monmouthshire. The town lies high on a hillside and has a population of 6,349 people.
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History
Blaenavon grew around an ironworks[1] opened in 1788, part of which is now a museum. The steel-making and coal mining industries followed, boosting the town's population to over 20,000 at one time,[2] but since the ironworks closed in 1900 and the coal mine in 1980, the population has declined, and now consists mostly of older citizens.
Attempts have recently been made to turn the town's image around by introducing it as Wales's second "book town" (the first being Hay-on-Wye). However after over a year of attempts to attract visitors the project seems not to have succeeded. This can be attributed to a combination of the town's remote location and the established competition from Hay. Investments and local interest have completely transformed the town's main thoroughfare (Broad Street) from what it used to look like and the book shops (the few that survived) stock good quality and excellent value books. There are many thriving community groups within the town, including Future Blaenavon, which has helped to create a community garden at the bottom of the town.
Attractions in the town include the Big Pit National Coal Museum (an Anchor Point of ERIH, The European Route of Industrial Heritage), Blaenavon Ironworks,[3] the Pontypool and Blaenavon Railway, Blaenavon World Heritage Centre, Blaenavon Male Voice Choir and many historical walks through Blaenavon's mountains.
Blaenavon is twinned with Coutras in France.
Time Team dig
The Channel 4 archaeology television programme Time Team came to Blaenavon during its February 2001 series to find "The Lost Viaduct" - "the world's first railway viaduct". This had been built in 1790, to be used by horse-drawn wagons to carry coal from the mines. Despite being about 40 metres long and 10 metres high, within about 25 years of its construction it had completely disappeared. But with no records of its demolition, the group was there to see what might remain of this structure. Eventually, during the mid to late afternoon of the final (third) day of the excavation, the team managed to uncover the top of the viaduct, the arched roof of which, under 12-15 metres of rubble and earth, was seemingly still standing. However, because it was so late on their last day, and for reasons of safety, they were unable to dig any further.
Famous Residents
International rugby union player Mark Taylor was born in Blaenavon. Ken Jones, rugby and Olympic athlete. John Perkins, capped by Wales at rugby. Terry Cobner, capped by Wales and British Lions at rugby union.
 Big Pit Mining Museum |
 Rail manufactured in Blaenavon, seen in Sweden |
 Book town Blaenavon |
 Blaenavon War Memorial and Workmen's Hall |
See also
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Blaenavon |
- Old photos of Blaenavon
- Welsh Coal Mines - all the pits, all the histories
- Blaenavon Town Council
- Time Team - The Lost Viaduct
- Aerial photograph of Blaenavon in 1999
- Blaenavon Local History Society website
References
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
