Blair House

Blair House
(U.S. National Historic Landmark)
Blair House is the official state guest house for the President of the United States.
Location:	Washington, D.C.
Built/Founded:	1826
Architect:	Unknown
Added to NRHP:	October 15, 1966
NRHP Reference#:	66000963 [1]
Governing body:	U.S. Department of State

Blair House is the official state guest house for the President of the United States. It is located at 1651-1653 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., opposite the West Wing of the White House, and adjacent to Lafayette Park. The main house was built in 1824 of buff colored limestone and is a late example of the Federal Style. The house was built as a private home for Joseph Lovell, first Surgeon General of the United States. In 1836 it was acquired by Francis Preston Blair, a newspaper publisher and influential advisor to President Andrew Jackson. It would remain in his family for the following century. In 1859, Blair built a house for his daughter and son-in-law, Elizabeth Blair Lee and Captain Samuel Phillips Lee, at 1653 Pennsylvania Avenue, next door to Blair House at 1651 Pennsylvania Avenue. Captain Lee (later an admiral) was a grandson of Richard Henry Lee and third cousin of Robert E. Lee. The houses have since been combined, and the complex is sometimes referred to as the Blair-Lee House, though Blair House is the official name today.

In 1942 the house was purchased by the U.S. government and has since been the official residence for guests of the U.S. president. Blair House is primarily used to house foreign heads of state visiting the president, but it has also been used for domestic guests. Several presidents-elect of the United States have spent the night before their inauguration in the house, and President George W. Bush arranged for former First Ladies Nancy Reagan and Betty Ford to stay at the house and receive guests there following the state funerals for their husbands, former presidents Ronald Reagan and Gerald Ford.

Blair House is now a complex of four connected townhouses, including the original Blair House. During much of the presidency of Harry Truman, it served as the residence of the President of the United States, while the interior of the White House, which had been found to have serious structural faults, was completely gutted and rebuilt. On November 1, 1950 Puerto Rican nationalists Griselio Torresola and Oscar Collazo, fighting for the independence of Puerto Rico from the United States, attempted to assassinate President Truman in Blair House. The assassination was foiled in part by White House policeman Leslie Coffelt, who killed Torresola but was himself killed by him. A plaque at Blair House commemorates Coffelt's heroism and sacrifice.

During the 1980s, Blair House underwent significant restorations, with a new wing added to the north. An adjacent townhouse, Trowbridge House, is being renovated to serve as an official guest residence for former U.S. presidents while in the capital. The combined square footage of the four adjacent townhouses exceeds 70,000 feet, making it larger than the White House.

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Blair House

• Blair House Official Website
• National Park Service: Blair House
• WETA ExploreDC.com: Blair House

U.S. National Register of Historic Places
History of the National Register of Historic Places · Property types · Historic district · Contributing property
List of entries National Park Service · National Historic Landmarks · National Battlefields · National Historic Sites · National Historic Parks · National Memorials · National Monuments

Coordinates: 38°53′56″N 77°02′19″W / 38.89889, -77.03861

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