 |
|
|
bone morphogenetic protein 7
|
|
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | BMP7 |
| Alt. Symbols | OP-1 |
| Entrez | 655 |
| HUGO | 1074 |
| OMIM | 112267 |
| RefSeq | NM_001719 |
| UniProt | P18075 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 20 q13 |
Bone morphogenetic protein 7 or BMP7 (also known as Osteogenic Protein-1 or OP-1) is a human gene.[1]
Contents |
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TGF-β superfamily. Like other members of the bone morphogenetic protein family of proteins, it plays a key role in the transformation of mesenchymal cells into bone and cartilage. It is inhibited by noggin and a similar protein, chordin, which are expressed in the Spemann-Mangold Organizer. BMP7 may be involved in bone homeostasis. It is expressed in the brain, kidneys and bladder.[2]
BMP7 induces the phosphorylation of SMAD1 and SMAD5, which in turn induce transcription of numerous osteogenic genes.[3] It has been demonstrated that BMP7 treatment is sufficient to induce all of the genetic markers of osteoblast differentiation in many cell types.[2]
Role in vertebrate development
BMP7 has been discovered to be crucial in the determination of ventral-dorsal organization in zebrafish. BMP7 causes the expression of ventral phenotypes while its complete inhibition creates a dorsal phenotype. Moreover, BMP7 is eventually partially "turned off" in embryonic development in order to create the dorsal parts of the organism.[4]
In many early developmental experiments using zebrafish, scientists used caBMPR (constitutively active) and tBMP (truncated receptor) to determine the effect of BMP7 in embryogensis. They found that the constitutively active, which causes BMP to be expressed everywhere creates a ventralized phenotype, whereas truncated, dorsalized.
Therapeutic application
Human recombinant BMP7 has surgical uses and is marketed under the brand name OP1 (sold by Stryker). It can be used to aid in the fusion of vertebral bodies to prevent neurologic trauma.[5] Also in the treatment of tibial non-union, frequently in cases where a bone graft has failed.[6]
BMP7 also has the potential for treatment of chronic kidney disease.[7][8]
Promotion of brown fat
It was discovered that mice injected with BMP7 increased their production of "good" brown fat cells, while keeping their levels of the normal white fat cells constant. A BMP7 therapy for obesity in humans may be developed as a result.[9][10]
References
- ^ Hahn GV, Cohen RB, Wozney JM, Levitz CL, Shore EM, Zasloff MA, Kaplan FS (November 1992). "A bone morphogenetic protein subfamily: chromosomal localization of human genes for BMP5, BMP6, and BMP7". Genomics 14 (3): 759–62. doi:. PMID 1427904.
- ^ a b Chen D, Zhao M, Mundy GR (December 2004). "Bone morphogenetic proteins". Growth Factors 22 (4): 233–41. doi:. PMID 15621726.
- ^ Itoh F, Asao H, Sugamura K, Heldin CH, ten Dijke P, Itoh S (August 2001). "Promoting bone morphogenetic protein signaling through negative regulation of inhibitory Smads". Embo J. 20 (15): 4132–42. doi:. PMID 11483516.
- ^ Myers DC, Sepich DS, Solnica-Krezel L (March 2002). "Bmp activity gradient regulates convergent extension during zebrafish gastrulation". Dev. Biol. 243 (1): 81–98. doi:. PMID 11846479.
- ^ Vaccaro AR, Whang PG, Patel T, Phillips FM, Anderson DG, Albert TJ, Hilibrand AS, Brower RS, Kurd MF, Appannagari A, Patel M, Fischgrund JS (2008). "The safety and efficacy of OP-1 (rhBMP-7) as a replacement for iliac crest autograft for posterolateral lumbar arthrodesis: minimum 4-year follow-up of a pilot study". Spine J 8 (3): 457–65. doi:. PMID 17588821.
- ^ Zimmermann G, Müller U, Löffler C, Wentzensen A, Moghaddam A (November 2007). "[Therapeutic outcome in tibial pseudarthrosis: bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7) versus autologous bone grafting for tibial fractures]" (in German). Unfallchirurg 110 (11): 931–8. doi:. PMID 17989951.
- ^ Gould SE, Day M, Jones SS, Dorai H (January 2002). "BMP-7 regulates chemokine, cytokine, and hemodynamic gene expression in proximal tubule cells". Kidney Int. 61 (1): 51–60. doi:. PMID 11786084.
- ^ González EA, Lund RJ, Martin KJ, McCartney JE, Tondravi MM, Sampath TK, Hruska KA (April 2002). "Treatment of a murine model of high-turnover renal osteodystrophy by exogenous BMP-7". Kidney Int. 61 (4): 1322–31. doi:. PMID 11918739.
- ^ Jha A (2008-08-21). "Obesity: Scientists identify protein that promotes fat-burning". Science. guardian.co.uk. http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2008/aug/21/brown.fat.obesity. Retrieved on 2008-09-03.
- ^ Tseng YH, Kokkotou E, Schulz TJ, Huang TL, Winnay JN, Taniguchi CM, Tran TT, Suzuki R, Espinoza DO, Yamamoto Y, Ahrens MJ, Dudley AT, Norris AW, Kulkarni RN, Kahn CR (August 2008). "New role of bone morphogenetic protein 7 in brown adipogenesis and energy expenditure". Nature 454 (7207): 1000–4. doi:. PMID 18719589.
External links
|
||||||||||||||||||||
 |
This article on a gene on chromosome 20 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
