Bonjour
Developer:	Apple Computer
Latest release:	107.6 / 2006-09-18
OS:	Mac OS X, Windows, GNU/Linux
Genre:	Zeroconf
License:	Apache License 2.0
Website:	http://developer.apple.com/bonjour

Bonjour, formerly Rendezvous, is Apple Inc.'s trade name for its implementation of Zeroconf, a service discovery protocol used in Apple's Mac OS X operating system from version 10.2 onwards. Intended for use on local area networks, Bonjour uses multicast Domain Name System service records to locate devices such as printers, as well as other computers, and the services that those devices offer.

Overview

Bonjour is a general method to discover services on a local area network. This technology is widely used throughout Mac OS X and allows users to set up a network without any configuration. Currently it is used by Mac OS X and on other operating systems to find printers and file sharing servers. It is also used by iTunes to find shared music, iPhoto to find shared photos, iChat, Adobe Creative Suite 3, Proteus, Adium, Fire, Skype, and the Gizmo Project to find other users on the local network, TiVo Desktop to find digital video recorders and shared media libraries, SubEthaEdit and e to find document collaborators, and Contactizer to find and share contacts, tasks and events information. Additionally it is used by Safari to find local web servers and configuration pages for local devices, and by Asterisk to advertise telephone services along with configuration parameters to VoIP phones and dialers. Bonjour Browser can be used to view all services declared by these applications and more.

Without special DNS configuration, Bonjour only works within a single broadcast domain, which is usually a small area.

Bonjour is sometimes misunderstood to make services on a personal computer (for instance, file sharing) available to the public Internet, which could be considered a security risk. In fact, Bonjour does not provide any extra access to services, even on the same local area network (LAN); it merely announces ("advertises") their existence. For example, a user can browse a list of nearby computers which share files—Bonjour on these computers has told the user that the service is available—but he or she must still provide a password to access any protected files on these machines. Additionally, Bonjour works only in a close range; by default, its messages only reach users of the same link. Thus, the only security impact of Bonjour is that advertised services are no longer protected by security through obscurity on the local network. If the services are protected through a means other than obscurity, they will remain protected.

Bonjour services are implemented at the application level largely using standard TCP/IP calls, rather than in the operating system. Although Mac OS X provides various Bonjour services, Bonjour works on other operating systems. Apple has made the source code of the Bonjour multicast DNS responder, the core component of service discovery, available as a Darwin open source project. The project provides source code to build the responder daemon for a wide range of platforms, including Mac OS 9, Mac OS X, Linux, *BSD, Solaris, VxWorks, and Windows. In addition, Apple provides a user-installable set of services called Bonjour for Windows as well as Java libraries. A number of Windows programs use Freeconf, including Adobe Creative Suite 3, iTunes, Cerulean Studios' Trillian Pro 3, Ruckus Music Player from Ruckus Network, and the text editor e.

Originally, Bonjour had been released under the controversial Apple Public Source License which caused its adoption to be severely hampered on Linux and other Free Software desktops. This led to the development of the Avahi project under the less controversial LGPL license. Nowadays Avahi is the default Zeroconf implementation on all Linux distributions and has even been ported to Apple's own Mac OS X operating system.

Microsoft Windows Implementation

The current implementation of Bonjour for Windows is version 1.0.4. This version works with Windows 2000, 2003, XP, and Vista. It is primarily used in order to ease the installation, configuration, and use of network printers. Bonjour for Windows also adds Zeroconf capabilities to Internet Explorer, and provides a Zeroconf implementation to Java JVMs.^[1]

Bonjour is frequently delivered with third party applications, such as some Adobe products, to take advantage of Zeroconf technology.

Bonjour is normally placed in a folder called "Bonjour" within the "Program Files" folder. Bonjour modifies registry entries related to Bonjour's internal configuration and operation.

Some VPN clients are configured so that local network services are unavailable to a computer when VPN software is active and connected. In such a case, no local Zeroconf services are available to Bonjour or any other Zeroconf implementation.

Naming

Bonjour's original name, when introduced in August 2002 as part of Mac OS X v10.2, was "Rendezvous", similar to the French word rendez-vous for a meeting or get-together. On August 27 2003, Tibco Software Inc announced that it had filed suit for trademark infringement.^[2] Tibco already had an enterprise application integration product called TIBCO Rendezvous on the market since 1994, and the company stated that they had tried and failed to come to an agreement with Apple Computer. In July 2004, Apple Computer and Tibco reached an out-of-court settlement;^[3] specifics of the settlement were not released to the public. It was widely rumored at the time that the new name would be OpenTalk, but this name was not picked (possibly due to the similarities to LocalTalk and PowerTalk). On April 12 2005, Apple announced that Rendezvous was being renamed to Bonjour,^[4] which is also a French word, meaning "hello", "good morning", or literally "Good Day".

See also

• Zeroconf
  • Avahi - an open source implementation of Zeroconf
• Universal Plug and Play – provides discovery functionality similar to Bonjour among other things
• Service Location Protocol
• .local
• Bonjour Browser – Utility for viewing services declared using Bonjour.

External links

• Bonjour - Networking, simplified - General information from Apple
• Bonjour developer website - Developer resources from Apple
• Zeroconf.org - site with myriad useful links maintained by Stuart Cheshire
• Hour-long talk by Stuart Cheshire on Google Video about Bonjour and Zeroconf
• Stuart Cheshire and Rendezvous mentioned on Daniel Smith's weblog on the O'Reilly Network
• Bonjour for Windows - Bonjour services from Apple for Windows 2000/2003/XP
• Understanding Zeroconf and Multicast DNS on the O'Reilly Network - An introduction to zero configuration networking, including a comparison between Bonjour/Zeroconf and Universal Plug 'n' Play

References

1. ^ Bonjour For Windows. Apple Inc.. Retrieved on 2007-10-08.
2. ^ TIBCO Software (2003-08-27). TIBCO Software Inc. Sues Apple Computer, Inc. for Trademark Infringement. Press release. Retrieved on 2006-10-11.
3. ^ Daniel Drew Turner. "Apple Settles TIBCO Suit, Renames Rendezvous", eWeek, 2004-07-22. Retrieved on 2006-10-11. 
4. ^ Marc Krochmal (2005-04-12). Rendezvous is changing to.... rendezvous-dev mailing list. Apple Computer. Retrieved on 2006-10-11.

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