Carl Ferdinand Cori

Carl Ferdinand Cori
Carl Ferdinand Cori
Born	December 5, 1896 (1896-12-05) Prague
Died	October 20, 1984 (1984-10-21)
Nationality	Austrian-American
Fields	biochemist
Known for	glycogen
Notable awards	1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

Carl Ferdinand Cori (December 5, 1896 – October 20, 1984) was an Austrian-American biochemist and pharmacologist born in Prague (then in Austria-Hungary, now Czech Republic) who, together with his wife Gerty Cori and Argentine physiologist Bernardo Houssay, received a Nobel Prize in 1947 for their discovery of how glycogen (animal starch) - a derivative of glucose - is broken down and resynthesized in the body, for use as a store and source of energy. In 2004 both were designated an ACS National Historical Chemical Landmark in recognition of their work that elucidated carbohydrate metabolism.[1]

Biography

Carl was the son of Carl Cori, a physician, and Martha Lippich, he grew up in Trieste where his father was the director of the Marine Biological Station. In late 1914 the Cori family moved to Prague and Carl entered the medical school of the German Charles-Ferdinand University in Prague. While studying there he met Gerty Theresa Radnitz. He was drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army and served in the ski corps, and later was transferred to the sanitary corps, for which he set up a laboratory in Trieste. At the end of the war Carl completed his studies, graduating with Gerty in 1920. Carl and Gerty married that year and worked together in clinics in Vienna.

Carl was invited to Graz to work with Otto Loewi to study the effect of the vagus nerve on the heart, Loewi would receive the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1936 for this work. While Carl was in Graz, Gerty remained in Vienna. A year later Carl was offered a position at the State Institute for the Study of Malignant Diseases (now the Roswell Park Cancer Institute) in Buffalo, New York and the Cori's moved to Buffalo.

While at the Institute the Cori's research focussed on carbohydrate metabolism, leading to the definition of the Cori cycle in 1929, for which they received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1947. In 1928, they became naturalized citizens of the United States. In 1931 Carl accepted a position at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri. Carl joined as professor of pharmacology and in 1942 was made professor of biochemistry.

In 1946, he won the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research.

Gerty died in 1957, Carl married Anne Fitz-Gerald Jones in 1960. Carl stayed on at Washington University until 1966, when he retired as chair of the biochemistry department. Following retirement Cori moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University laboratory space at the Massachusetts General Hospital, where he pursued research in genetics.

Carl shares a star with Gerty on the St. Louis Walk of Fame.

References

• Ihde, A.J. Cori, Carl Ferdinand, and Gerty Theresa Radnitz Cori. American National Biography Online Feb 2000.
• Cech, Pavel (2008). "[Nobel Prize laureates]". Cas. Lek. Cesk. (Czech Republic) 147 (7): 410–2. ISSN 0008-7335. PMID 18678102. 
• Maruyama, Kosaku (October 2003). "[Cori, the founder of metabolic regulation research]". Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso (Japan) 48 (13): 1844–56. ISSN 0039-9450. PMID 14632028. 
• Simoni, Robert D; Hill Robert L, Vaughan Martha (July 2002). "Carbohydrate Metabolism: Glycogen Phosphorylase and the Work of Carl F. and Gerty T.Cori. 1928-1943". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 277 (29): 18e. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12118037. 
• Cech, P (January 2001). "[The Coris, a married couple native to Prague and Nobel laureates]". Cas. Lek. Cesk. (Czech Republic) 140 (1): 26–30. ISSN 0008-7335. PMID 11242981. 
• Kornberg, A (January 2001). "Remembering our teachers". J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 276 (1): 3–11. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11134064. 
• Shampo, M A; Kyle R A (December 2000). "Carl Cori--Nobel laureate in medicine or physiology". Mayo Clin. Proc. (United States) 75 (12): 1274. ISSN 0025-6196. PMID 11126836. 
• Raju, T N (March 1999). "The Nobel Chronicles. 1947: Carl Ferdinand Cori (1896-1984); Gerty Theresa Radnitz Cori (1896-1957); and Bernardo Alberto Houssay (1887-1971)". Lancet (ENGLAND) 353 (9158): 1108. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)76476-X. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 10199387. 
• Cohn, M (1992). "Carl Ferdinand Cori: December 5, 1896-October 19, 1984". Biographical memoirs. National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) (UNITED STATES) 61: 79–109. PMID 11616228. 
• Randle, P (1986). "Carl Ferdinand Cori: 5 December 1986-20 October 1984". Biographical memoirs of fellows of the Royal Society. Royal Society (Great Britain) (ENGLAND) 32: 65–95. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1986.0003. ISSN 0080-4606. PMID 11621260. 
• Kenéz, J (February 1977). "[Liver glycogen and enzyme research (Carl Ferdinand CPORI)]". Orvosi hetilap (HUNGARY) 118 (8): 463–5. ISSN 0030-6002. PMID 320540. 
• Cori, C F (1969). "The call of science". Annu. Rev. Biochem. (UNITED STATES) 38: 1–20. doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.38.070169.000245. ISSN 0066-4154. PMID 4896237. 
• Sulek, K (September 1968). "[Nobel prize for Carl Ferdinand Cori and Gerta Theresa Cori in 1947 for discovery of the course of catalytic metabolism of glycogen. Prize for Alberto Bernardo Houssay For discovery on the role of the hypophysis in carbohydrate metabolism]". Wiad. Lek. (POLAND) 21 (17): 1609–10. ISSN 0043-5147. PMID 4882480. 
• HOUSSAY, B A (April 1956). "Carl F. and Gerty T. Cori". Biochim. Biophys. Acta (Not Available) 20 (1): 11–6. doi:10.1016/0006-3002(56)90255-4. ISSN 0006-3002. PMID 13315342. 

External links

• Nobel Prize biography