For the cyanogen bromide molecular formula, follow CBrN
CBRN is an acronym for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear. It is in common use worldwide, to refer to incidents or weapons in which any of these four hazards have presented themselves. The term CBRN is a replacement for the cold war term NBC (Nuclear, Biological and Chemical) which has replaced the term ABC (atomic, biological and chemical) that was used in the fifties. The addition of the R (for radiological) is a consequence of the "new" threat of a radiological weapon (also known as the "poor man's atomic bomb"). Since the start of the new millennium, a new term – CBRNe, was introduced as a replacement term for CBRN, the e in this term, represents the (improvised) explosives threat.[1]
CBRN defense (CBRND) is used in reference to CBRN passive protection, contamination avoidance and CBRN mitigation.
CBRN weapons/agents, are often referred to as weapons of mass destruction (WMD). However, this is not entirely correct. Although CBRNe agents often cause mass destruction, this is not necessarily the case. Terrorist use of CBRNe agents may cause a limited number of casualties, but a large terrorizing and disruption of society. Terrorist use of CBRNe agents, intended to cause terror instead of mass casualties, is therefore often referred to as weapons of mass disruption.[2]
A CBRN incident differs from a hazardous material incident in both effect scope (i.e., CBRNE can be a mass casualty situation) and in intent. CBRN incidents are responded to under the assumption that they are deliberate, malicious acts with the intention to kill, sicken and/or disrupt society. Evidence preservation and perpetrator apprehension are of greater concern with CBRN incidents than with HAZMAT incidents.
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Canada
The term is in common use in disaster and emergency services organizations across the country.[3] Since July 2005, the Canadian Forces also started using the term CBRN Defence, instead of NBC Defence, due to the increased threat of dirty bomb use (which is radiological in nature). CBRNE is a new term that is being used in both civilian and military organisations.
United Kingdom
CBRN is also used by the UK Home Office as a civil designation.[4] Police, Fire and Ambulance services in the UK must all have some level of CBRN providers.
The term CBRN has replaced NBC in the UK armed forces.[5]
United States
United States Marine Corps
The United States Marine Corps (USMC) use it as an initialism for their 5711 and 5702 military occupational specialties (MOS). 5711s are enlisted Marines that are CBRN Defense Specialists. 5702s are warrant officers that are CBRN Defense Officers. Prior to the MOS name change, 5711s were known as nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) defense specialists and 5702s were known as NBC Defense Officers.
The Marine Corps runs a CBRN School to train Marine CBRN Defense Officers and Marine CBRN Defense Specialists at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri.
United States Army
The United States Army uses CBRN as an initialism for their 74D Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Operations Specialists military occupational specialty (MOS). The United States Army trains all US Army soldiers pursuing a career in Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) at the United States Army CBRN School at Fort Leonard Wood, also known as the birthplace of all 74D's.
The term (CBRNE) is also used to define the scope of the FA-52 (Nuclear & Counterproliferation Officer) functional area community.
United States Air Force
The United States Air Force (USAF) uses CBRN as an initialism for their 3E9X1, Emergency Manager, Air Force Specialty Code (AFSC). The United States Air Force trains all US Airmen pursing a career in Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) at the United States Air Force CBRN School at Fort Leonard Wood. Air Force Emergency Managers are some of the most highly trained CBRN technicians in the United States Military. Upon completion of technical school, all 3E9X1's must complete the CBRN Responder course. The CBRN responders course takes a new graduate from the Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT) Awareness level, to HAZMAT Operations, to HAZMAT Technician. This adds the Toxic Industrial Chemical (TIC) and Toxic Industrial Material (TIM) detection capability to their ability to react to the Full Spectrum of Threat Response (FSTR).
See also
References
Notes
- ^ What is CBRNe by ib consultancy
- ^ The threat of CBRNe terrorism by ib consultancy
- ^ Calgary Health Region CBRN Training
- ^ UK Resilience - Emergencies - CBRN
- ^ "CBRN". Ministry of Defence. http://www.army.mod.uk/armoured/role/1622.aspx. "Elements of 1st Royal Tank Regiment (1RTR) equipped with a variety of highly technical vehicles and specially trained personnel provide the Army's contribution to the Joint Chemical, Biological, Radiolgical and Nuclear Regiment (Jt CBRN Regt). The Regiment provides detection, survey, reconnaissance and decontamination capabilities with analysis and advice to the three Services (Army, Navy and Air Force) and, where necessary, other government departments."
Bibliography
- Eldridge, John (ed.). Jane's Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Defense 2006–2007 (19th edition). Coulsdon, Surrey, UK; Alexandria, Va.: Jane's Information Group, 2006. ISBN 0710627637.
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