Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11 (CCL11) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family that is also known as eotaxin-1. CCL11 selectively recruits eosinophils by inducing their chemotaxis, and therefore, is implicated in allergic responses.[1][2][2] The effects of CCL11 are mediated by its binding to a G-protein-linked receptor known as a chemokine receptor. Chemokine receptors for which CCL11 is a ligand include CCR2,[3]CCR3[4] and CCR5.[3] However, it has been found that eotaxin-1 (CCL11) has high degree selectivity for its receptor, such that they are inactive on neutrophils and monocytes, which do not express CCR3.[5] The gene for human CCL11 (scya11) is encoded on three exons and is located on chromosome 17.[6][4]
References
- ^ Ponath PD, Qin S, Ringler DJ, Clark-Lewis I, Wang J, Kassam N, Smith H, Shi X, Gonzalo JA, Newman W, Gutierrez-Ramos JC, Mackay CR (1996). "Cloning of the human eosinophil chemoattractant, eotaxin. Expression, receptor binding, and functional properties suggest a mechanism for the selective recruitment of eosinophils". J. Clin. Invest. 97 (3): 604–12. doi:10.1172/JCI118456. PMID 8609214. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=8609214.
- ^ a b Garcia-Zepeda EA, Rothenberg ME, Ownbey RT, Celestin J, Leder P, Luster AD (1996). "Human eotaxin is a specific chemoattractant for eosinophil cells and provides a new mechanism to explain tissue eosinophilia". Nat. Med. 2 (4): 449–56. doi:10.1038/nm0496-449. PMID 8597956.
- ^ a b Ogilvie P, Bardi G, Clark-Lewis I, Baggiolini M, Uguccioni M (2001). "Eotaxin is a natural antagonist for CCR2 and an agonist for CCR5". Blood 97 (7): 1920–4. doi:10.1182/blood.V97.7.1920. PMID 11264152.
- ^ a b Kitaura M, Nakajima T, Imai T, Harada S, Combadiere C, Tiffany HL, Murphy PM, Yoshie O (1996). "Molecular cloning of human eotaxin, an eosinophil-selective CC chemokine, and identification of a specific eosinophil eotaxin receptor, CC chemokine receptor 3". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (13): 7725–30. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.13.7725. PMID 8631813.
- ^ Baggiolini M, Dewald B, Moser B (1997). "Human chemokines: an update". Annu. Rev. Immunol. 15: 675–705. doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.15.1.675. PMID 9143704.
- ^ Hein H, Schlüter C, Kulke R, Christophers E, Schröder JM, Bartels J (1997). "Genomic organization, sequence, and transcriptional regulation of the human eotaxin gene". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 237 (3): 537–42. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.7169. PMID 9299399.
Further reading
- Garcia-Zepeda EA, Rothenberg ME, Ownbey RT, et al. (1996). "Human eotaxin is a specific chemoattractant for eosinophil cells and provides a new mechanism to explain tissue eosinophilia.". Nat. Med. 2 (4): 449–56. doi:10.1038/nm0496-449. PMID 8597956.
- Ponath PD, Qin S, Ringler DJ, et al. (1996). "Cloning of the human eosinophil chemoattractant, eotaxin. Expression, receptor binding, and functional properties suggest a mechanism for the selective recruitment of eosinophils.". J. Clin. Invest. 97 (3): 604–12. doi:10.1172/JCI118456. PMID 8609214.
- Kitaura M, Nakajima T, Imai T, et al. (1996). "Molecular cloning of human eotaxin, an eosinophil-selective CC chemokine, and identification of a specific eosinophil eotaxin receptor, CC chemokine receptor 3.". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (13): 7725–30. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.13.7725. PMID 8631813.
- Daugherty BL, Siciliano SJ, DeMartino JA, et al. (1996). "Cloning, expression, and characterization of the human eosinophil eotaxin receptor.". J. Exp. Med. 183 (5): 2349–54. doi:10.1084/jem.183.5.2349. PMID 8642344.
- Choe H, Farzan M, Sun Y, et al. (1996). "The beta-chemokine receptors CCR3 and CCR5 facilitate infection by primary HIV-1 isolates.". Cell 85 (7): 1135–48. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81313-6. PMID 8674119.
- Ponath PD, Qin S, Post TW, et al. (1996). "Molecular cloning and characterization of a human eotaxin receptor expressed selectively on eosinophils.". J. Exp. Med. 183 (6): 2437–48. doi:10.1084/jem.183.6.2437. PMID 8676064.
- Bartels J, Schlüter C, Richter E, et al. (1996). "Human dermal fibroblasts express eotaxin: molecular cloning, mRNA expression, and identification of eotaxin sequence variants.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 225 (3): 1045–51. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1996.1292. PMID 8780731.
- Garcia-Zepeda EA, Rothenberg ME, Weremowicz S, et al. (1997). "Genomic organization, complete sequence, and chromosomal location of the gene for human eotaxin (SCYA11), an eosinophil-specific CC chemokine.". Genomics 41 (3): 471–6. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4656. PMID 9169149.
- Hein H, Schlüter C, Kulke R, et al. (1997). "Genomic organization, sequence, and transcriptional regulation of the human eotaxin gene.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 237 (3): 537–42. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.7169. PMID 9299399.
- Nibbs RJ, Wylie SM, Yang J, et al. (1998). "Cloning and characterization of a novel promiscuous human beta-chemokine receptor D6.". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (51): 32078–83. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.51.32078. PMID 9405404.
- Rubbert A, Combadiere C, Ostrowski M, et al. (1998). "Dendritic cells express multiple chemokine receptors used as coreceptors for HIV entry.". J. Immunol. 160 (8): 3933–41. PMID 9558100.
- Noso N, Bartels J, Mallet AI, et al. (1998). "Delayed production of biologically active O-glycosylated forms of human eotaxin by tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha-stimulated dermal fibroblasts.". Eur. J. Biochem. 253 (1): 114–22. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2530114.x. PMID 9578468.
- Crump MP, Rajarathnam K, Kim KS, et al. (1998). "Solution structure of eotaxin, a chemokine that selectively recruits eosinophils in allergic inflammation.". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (35): 22471–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.35.22471. PMID 9712872.
- Sabroe I, Hartnell A, Jopling LA, et al. (1999). "Differential regulation of eosinophil chemokine signaling via CCR3 and non-CCR3 pathways.". J. Immunol. 162 (5): 2946–55. PMID 10072545.
- Jinquan T, Quan S, Feili G, et al. (1999). "Eotaxin activates T cells to chemotaxis and adhesion only if induced to express CCR3 by IL-2 together with IL-4.". J. Immunol. 162 (7): 4285–92. PMID 10201960.
- Klein RS, Williams KC, Alvarez-Hernandez X, et al. (1999). "Chemokine receptor expression and signaling in macaque and human fetal neurons and astrocytes: implications for the neuropathogenesis of AIDS.". J. Immunol. 163 (3): 1636–46. PMID 10415069.
- Blanpain C, Migeotte I, Lee B, et al. (1999). "CCR5 binds multiple CC-chemokines: MCP-3 acts as a natural antagonist.". Blood 94 (6): 1899–905. PMID 10477718.
- Zhang J, Lathbury LJ, Salamonsen LA (2000). "Expression of the chemokine eotaxin and its receptor, CCR3, in human endometrium.". Biol. Reprod. 62 (2): 404–11. doi:10.1095/biolreprod62.2.404. PMID 10642580.
- Kampen GT, Stafford S, Adachi T, et al. (2000). "Eotaxin induces degranulation and chemotaxis of eosinophils through the activation of ERK2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases.". Blood 95 (6): 1911–7. PMID 10706854.
- Huber MA, Kraut N, Addicks T, Peter RU (2000). "Cell-type-dependent induction of eotaxin and CCR3 by ionizing radiation.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 269 (2): 546–52. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.2287. PMID 10708591.
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1eot: SOLUTION NMR STRUCTURE OF EOTAXIN, MINIMIZED AVERAGE STRUCTURE
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2eot: SOLUTION STRUCTURE OF EOTAXIN, AN ENSEMBLE OF 32 NMR SOLUTION STRUCTURES
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