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| CD34 molecule | ||||||||||||||
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| Identifiers | ||||||||||||||
| Symbols | CD34; | |||||||||||||
| External IDs | OMIM: 142230 MGI: 88329 HomoloGene: 1343 | |||||||||||||
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| RNA expression pattern | ||||||||||||||
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| More reference expression data | ||||||||||||||
| Orthologs | ||||||||||||||
| Species | Human | Mouse | ||||||||||||
| Entrez | 947 | 12490 | ||||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENSG00000174059 | ENSMUSG00000016494 | ||||||||||||
| UniProt | P28906 | Q3TJP6 | ||||||||||||
| RefSeq | NM_001025109 (mRNA) | NM_133654 (mRNA) | ||||||||||||
| NP_001020280 (protein) | NP_598415 (protein) | |||||||||||||
| Location | Chr 1: 206.12 - 206.15 Mb |
Chr 1: 196.64 - 196.66 Mb |
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| PubMed search | [1] | [2] | ||||||||||||
CD34 molecule is a cluster of differentiation molecule present on certain cells within the human body. It is a cell surface glycoprotein and functions as a cell-cell adhesion factor. It may also mediate the attachment of stem cells to bone marrow extracellular matrix or directly to stromal cells. CD34 is also the name for the human gene that encodes the protein.[1][2][3]
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Function
The CD34 protein is a member of a family of single-pass transmembrane sialomucin proteins that show expression on early hematopoietic and vascular-associated tissue. However little is known about its exact function.[4]
CD34 is also an important adhesion molecule and is required for T cells to enter lymph nodes. It is expressed on lymph node endothelia whereas the L-selectin to which it binds is on the T cell.[5][6]
Tissue distribution
Cells expressing CD34 (CD34+ cell) are normally found in the umbilical cord and bone marrow as hematopoietic cells, a subset of mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells, endothelial cells of blood vessels but not lymphatics (except pleural lymphatics), mast cells, a sub-population dendritic cells (which are factor XIIIa negative) in the interstitium and around the adnexa of dermis of skin, as well as cells in soft tissue tumors like DFSP, GIST, PNSTs etc.
Clinical applications
CD34+ cells may be isolated from blood samples using immunomagnetic or immunofluorescent methods.
Antibodies are used to quantify and purify hematopoietic progenitor stem cells for research and for clinical bone marrow transplantation. However, counting CD34+ mononuclear cells may overestimate myeloid blasts in bone marrow smears due to hematogones (B lymphocyte precursors) and CD34+ megakaryocytes.
Cells observed as CD34+ and CD38- are of an undifferentiated, primitive form; i.e. they are pluripotential hemopoietic stem cells. Thus, because of their CD34+ expression, such undifferentiated cells can be sorted out.
In tumors, CD34 is found in alveolar soft part sarcoma, preB-ALL (positive in 75%), AML (40%), AML-M7 (most), dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, giant cell fibroblastoma, granulocytic sarcoma, Kaposi’s sarcoma, liposarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, mengingeal hemangiopericytomas, meningiomas, neurofibromas, schwannomas, and papillary thyroid carcinoma.
A negative CD34 may exclude Ewing's sarcoma/PNET, myofibrosarcoma of the breast, and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors of the stomach.
Interactions
CD34 has been shown to interact with CRKL.[7]
References
- ^ "Entrez Gene: CD34 CD34 molecule". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=947.
- ^ Simmons DL, Satterthwaite AB, Tenen DG, Seed B (1 January 1992). "Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding CD34, a sialomucin of human hematopoietic stem cells". J. Immunol. 148 (1): 267–71. PMID 1370171. http://www.jimmunol.org/cgi/content/abstract/148/1/267.
- ^ Satterthwaite AB, Burn TC, Le Beau MM, Tenen DG (April 1992). "Structure of the gene encoding CD34, a human hematopoietic stem cell antigen". Genomics 12 (4): 788–94. doi:. PMID 1374051.
- ^ Furness SG, McNagny K (2006). "Beyond mere markers: functions for CD34 family of sialomucins in hematopoiesis". Immunol. Res. 34 (1): 13–32. doi:. PMID 16720896.
- ^ Berg EL, Mullowney AT, Andrew DP, Goldberg JE, Butcher EC (February 1998). "Complexity and differential expression of carbohydrate epitopes associated with L-selectin recognition of high endothelial venules". Am. J. Pathol. 152 (2): 469–77. PMID 9466573.
- ^ SSuzawa K, Kobayashi M, Sakai Y, Hoshino H, Watanabe M, Harada O, Ohtani H, Fukuda M, Nakayama J (July 2007). "Preferential induction of peripheral lymph node addressin on high endothelial venule-like vessels in the active phase of ulcerative colitis". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 102 (7): 1499–509. doi:. PMID 17459027.
- ^ Felschow, D M; McVeigh M L, Hoehn G T, Civin C I, Fackler M J (Jun. 2001). "The adapter protein CrkL associates with CD34". Blood (United States) 97 (12): 3768–75. ISSN 0006-4971. PMID 11389015.
Further reading
- Bellini A, Mattoli S (September 2007). "The role of the fibrocyte, a bone marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor, in reactive and reparative fibroses". Lab. Invest. 87 (9): 858–70. doi:. PMID 17607298.
- Simmons DL, Satterthwaite AB, Tenen DG, Seed B (1992). "Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding CD34, a sialomucin of human hematopoietic stem cells.". J. Immunol. 148 (1): 267–71. PMID 1370171.
- Satterthwaite AB, Burn TC, Le Beau MM, Tenen DG (1992). "Structure of the gene encoding CD34, a human hematopoietic stem cell antigen.". Genomics 12 (4): 788–94. doi:. PMID 1374051.
- Fina L, Molgaard HV, Robertson D, et al. (1990). "Expression of the CD34 gene in vascular endothelial cells.". Blood 75 (12): 2417–26. PMID 1693532.
- Fackler MJ, Civin CI, Sutherland DR, et al. (1990). "Activated protein kinase C directly phosphorylates the CD34 antigen on hematopoietic cells.". J. Biol. Chem. 265 (19): 11056–61. PMID 1694174.
- Sutherland DR, Watt SM, Dowden G, et al. (1989). "Structural and partial amino acid sequence analysis of the human hemopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34.". Leukemia 2 (12): 793–803. PMID 2462139.
- Nakamura Y, Komano H, Nakauchi H (1993). "Two alternative forms of cDNA encoding CD34.". Exp. Hematol. 21 (2): 236–42. PMID 7678811.
- Huyhn A, Dommergues M, Izac B, et al. (1996). "Characterization of hematopoietic progenitors from human yolk sacs and embryos.". Blood 86 (12): 4474–85. PMID 8541536.
- Tavian M, Coulombel L, Luton D, et al. (1996). "Aorta-associated CD34+ hematopoietic cells in the early human embryo.". Blood 87 (1): 67–72. PMID 8547678.
- Hillier LD, Lennon G, Becker M, et al. (1997). "Generation and analysis of 280,000 human expressed sequence tags.". Genome Res. 6 (9): 807–28. doi:. PMID 8889549.
- Uchida N, Yang Z, Combs J, et al. (1997). "The characterization, molecular cloning, and expression of a novel hematopoietic cell antigen from CD34+ human bone marrow cells.". Blood 89 (8): 2706–16. PMID 9108388.
- Ruiz ME, Cicala C, Arthos J, et al. (1998). "Peripheral blood-derived CD34+ progenitor cells: CXC chemokine receptor 4 and CC chemokine receptor 5 expression and infection by HIV.". J. Immunol. 161 (8): 4169–76. PMID 9780190.
- Kees UR, Ford J (1999). "Synergistic action of stem-cell factor and interleukin-7 in a human immature T-cell line.". Immunology 96 (2): 202–6. doi:. PMID 10233696.
- Bistrup A, Bhakta S, Lee JK, et al. (1999). "Sulfotransferases of two specificities function in the reconstitution of high endothelial cell ligands for L-selectin.". J. Cell Biol. 145 (4): 899–910. doi:. PMID 10330415.
- Lataillade JJ, Clay D, Dupuy C, et al. (2000). "Chemokine SDF-1 enhances circulating CD34(+) cell proliferation in synergy with cytokines: possible role in progenitor survival.". Blood 95 (3): 756–68. PMID 10648383.
- Felschow DM, McVeigh ML, Hoehn GT, et al. (2001). "The adapter protein CrkL associates with CD34.". Blood 97 (12): 3768–75. doi:. PMID 11389015.
- Dobo I, Robillard N, Pineau D, et al. (2001). "Use of pathology-specific peripheral blood CD34 thresholds to predict leukapheresis CD34 content with optimal accuracy: a bicentric analysis of 299 leukaphereses.". Ann. Hematol. 80 (11): 639–46. doi:. PMID 11757722.
- Hogan CJ, Shpall EJ, Keller G (2002). "Differential long-term and multilineage engraftment potential from subfractions of human CD34+ cord blood cells transplanted into NOD/SCID mice.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (1): 413–8. doi:. PMID 11782553.
- Krauter J, Hartl M, Hambach L, et al. (2003). "Receptor-mediated endocytosis of CD34 on hematopoietic cells after stimulation with the monoclonal antibody anti-HPCA-1.". J. Hematother. Stem Cell Res. 10 (6): 863–71. doi:. PMID 11798512.
- Okuno Y, Iwasaki H, Huettner CS, et al. (2002). "Differential regulation of the human and murine CD34 genes in hematopoietic stem cells.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (9): 6246–51. doi:. PMID 11983914.
- Hotfilder M, Röttgers S, Rosemann A, et al. (2002). "Immature CD34+CD19- progenitor/stem cells in TEL/AML1-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia are genetically and functionally normal.". Blood 100 (2): 640–6. doi:. PMID 12091359.
External links
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