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Cefotaxime

 
Drug Info: Cefotaxime

Brand names: Claforan®

Chemical formula:



Cefotaxime Sodium Solution for injection

What is this medicine?

CEFOTAXIME (sef oh TAKS eem) is a cephalosporin antibiotic. It is used to treat certain kinds of bacterial infections. It will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections.
 
This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions.

What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine?

They need to know if you have any of these conditions:
•bleeding problems
•kidney disease
•stomach, intestinal problems like colitis
•an unusual or allergic reaction to cefotaxime, cephalosporin or penicillin antibiotics, other medicines, foods, dyes, or preservatives
•pregnant or trying to get pregnant
•breast-feeding

How should I use this medicine?

This medicine is injected into a muscle, or infused through a vein. It is usually given by a health care professional in a hospital or clinic setting.

If you get this medicine at home, you will be taught how to prepare and give this medicine. Use exactly as directed. Take your medicine at regular intervals. Do not take your medicine more often than directed.

It is important that you put your used needles and syringes in a special sharps container. Do not put them in a trash can. If you do not have a sharps container, call your pharmacist or healthcare provider to get one.

Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children. Special care may be needed.

Overdosage: If you think you have taken too much of this medicine contact a poison control center or emergency room at once.
NOTE: This medicine is only for you. Do not share this medicine with others.

What if I miss a dose?

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you can. If it is almost time for your next dose, take only that dose. Do not take double or extra doses.

What may interact with this medicine?

•certain antibiotics given by injection

This list may not describe all possible interactions. Give your health care provider a list of all the medicines, herbs, non-prescription drugs, or dietary supplements you use. Also tell them if you smoke, drink alcohol, or use illegal drugs. Some items may interact with your medicine.

What should I watch for while using this medicine?

Tell your doctor or health care professional if your symptoms do not begin to improve or if you get new symptoms. Your doctor will monitor your condition and blood work as needed.

Do not treat diarrhea with over-the-counter products. Contact your doctor if you have diarrhea that lasts more than 2 days or if the diarrhea is severe and watery.

This medicine can interfere with some urine glucose tests. If you use such tests, talk with your health care professional.

If you are being treated for a sexually transmitted disease, avoid sexual contact until you have finished your treatment. Your sexual partner may also need treatment.

What side effects may I notice from receiving this medicine?

Side effects that you should report to your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible:
•allergic reactions like skin rash, itching or hives, swelling of the face, lips, or tongue
•dark urine
•difficulty breathing, wheezing
•irregular heartbeat
•feeling faint
•fever
•pain or difficulty passing urine
•pain, swelling and irritation at the injection site
•redness, blistering, peeling or loosening of the skin, including inside the mouth
•seizures
•unusual bleeding, bruising
•unusually weak or tired

Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your doctor or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome):
•diarrhea
•headache
•nausea, vomiting
•vaginal itch, irritation

This list may not describe all possible side effects. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Where should I keep my medicine?

Keep out of the reach of children.

You will be instructed on how to store this medicine. Throw away any unused medicine after the expiration date on the label.

Last updated: 7/1/2002

Important Disclaimer: The drug information provided here is for educational purposes only. It is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the diagnosis, treatment and advice of a medical professional. This drug information does not cover all possible uses, precautions, side effects and interactions. It should not be construed to indicate that this or any drug is safe for you. Consult your medical professional for guidance before using any prescription or over the counter drugs.

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Medical Dictionary: cef·o·tax·ime sodium
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(sĕf'ō-tăk'sēm')
n.

A semisynthetic, parenteral cephalosporin antibiotic that inhibits cell-wall synthesis and is effective against a wide range of infections.

Veterinary Dictionary: cefotaxime
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A third generation cephalosporin antibiotic.

WordNet: cefotaxime
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Note: click on a word meaning below to see its connections and related words.

The noun has one meaning:

Meaning #1: a parenteral cephalosporin (trade name Claforan) used for severe infections of the lungs or throat or ears or urinary tract
  Synonym: Claforan


Wikipedia: Cefotaxime
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Cefotaxime
Systematic (IUPAC) name
(6R,7R,Z)-3-(acetoxymethyl)-7-(2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-
2-(methoxyimino)acetamido)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]
oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid
Identifiers
CAS number 63527-52-6
ATC code J01DD01
PubChem 5479527
DrugBank APRD00854
ChemSpider 4586392
Chemical data
Formula C16H17N5O7S2 
Mol. mass 455.47 g/mol
SMILES eMolecules & PubChem
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability n/a
Metabolism Hepatic
Half life 0.8–1.4 hours
Excretion 50–85% renal
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.

B1(AU) B(US)

Legal status

Prescription Only (S4)(AU)

Routes Intravenous
 Yes check.svgY(what is this?)  (verify)

Cefotaxime (INN) (pronounced /ˌsɛfɵˈtæksiːm/) is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. Like other third-generation cephalosporins, it has broad spectrum activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. In most cases, it is considered to be equivalent to ceftriaxone in terms of safety and efficacy. Cefotaxime sodium is marketed under various trade names including Claforan (Roussel-Uclaf)& Taxim (Alkem Laboratories)

Contents

Mechanism of action

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which in turn inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls, thus inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis. Bacteria eventually lyse due to ongoing activity of cell wall autolytic enzymes (autolysins and murein hydrolases) while cell wall assembly is arrested.[1]

Cefotaxime, like other β-lactam antibiotics does not only block the division of bacteria, including cyanobacteria, but also the division of cyanelles, the photosynthetic organelles of the Glaucophytes, and the division of chloroplasts of bryophytes. In contrast, it has no effect on the plastids of the highly developed vascular plants. This is supporting the endosymbiotic theory and indicates an evolution of plastid division in land plants [2].

Clinical use

Cefotaxime is used for infections of the respiratory tract, skin, bones, joints, urogenital system, meningitis, and septicemia. It generally has good coverage against most Gram-negative bacteria, with the notable exception of Pseudomonas. It is also effective against most Gram-positive cocci except for Enterococcus.[1] It is active against penicillin-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae. It has modest activity against the anaerobic Bacteroides fragilis.

Chemistry

The syn-configuration of the methoxyimino moiety confers stability to β-lactamase enzymes produced by many Gram-negative bacteria. Such stability to β-lactamases increases the activity of cefotaxime against otherwise resistant Gram-negative organisms.

References

  1. ^ a b Cefotaxime drug information
  2. ^ Britta Kasten und Ralf Reski (1997): β-lactam antibiotics inhibit chloroplast division in a moss (Physcomitrella patens) but not in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Journal of Plant Physiology 150, 137-140. [1]

 
 

 

Copyrights:

Drug Info. Gold Standard. Copyright © 2008 by Gold Standard. All rights reserved.  Read more
Medical Dictionary. The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company Read more
Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved.  Read more
WordNet. WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Cefotaxime" Read more