A semisynthetic analogue of cephalosporin, C18H16N8Na2O7S3, that is administered parenterally and has a broad spectrum of antibiotic activity.
[Alteration of CEPH(ALOSPORIN) + TRI- + A(ZINE) + (O)X(O)- + -ONE.]
ceftriaxone
Dictionary:
cef·tri·ax·one (sĕf'trī-ăk'sōn')  |
n.
A semisynthetic analogue of cephalosporin, C18H16N8Na2O7S3, that is administered parenterally and has a broad spectrum of antibiotic activity.
A semisynthetic analogue of cephalosporin, C18H16N8Na2O7S3, that is administered parenterally and has a broad spectrum of antibiotic activity.
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| Drug Info: Ceftriaxone |
Brand names: Rocephin®
Chemical formula:
Ceftriaxone Sodium Solution for injection
What is this medicine?
CEFTRIAXONE (sef try AX one) is a cephalosporin antibiotic. It is used to treat certain kinds of bacterial infections. It It will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections.
This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions.
What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine?
They need to know if you have any of these conditions:
•any chronic illness
•bowel disease, like colitis
•both kidney and liver disease
•high bilirubin level in newborn patients
•an unusual or allergic reaction to ceftriaxone, other cephalosporin or penicillin antibiotics, foods, dyes or preservatives
•pregnant or trying to get pregnant
•breast-feeding
How should I use this medicine?
This medicine is injected into a muscle or infused it into a vein. It is usually given in a medical office or clinic. If you are to give this medicine you will be taught how to inject it. Follow instructions carefully. Use your doses at regular intervals. Do not take your medicine more often than directed. Do not skip doses or stop your medicine early even if you feel better. Do not stop taking except on your doctor's advice.
Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children. Special care may be needed.
Overdosage: If you think you have taken too much of this medicine contact a poison control center or emergency room at once.
NOTE: This medicine is only for you. Do not share this medicine with others.
What may interact with this medicine?
Do not take this medicine with any of the following medications:
•calcium
This medicine may also interact with the following medications:
•alcohol
•some other antibiotics
•warfarin
This list may not describe all possible interactions. Give your health care provider a list of all the medicines, herbs, non-prescription drugs, or dietary supplements you use. Also tell them if you smoke, drink alcohol, or use illegal drugs. Some items may interact with your medicine.
What should I watch for while using this medicine?
Tell your doctor or health care professional if your symptoms do not improve or if they get worse.
Do not treat diarrhea with over the counter products. Contact your doctor if you have diarrhea that lasts more than 2 days or if it is severe and watery.
If you are being treated for a sexually transmitted disease, avoid sexual contact until you have finished your treatment. Having sex can infect your sexual partner.
Calcium may bind to this medicine and cause lung or kidney problems. Avoid calcium products while taking this medicine and for 48 hours after taking the last dose of this medicine.
What side effects may I notice from receiving this medicine?
Side effects that you should report to your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible:
•allergic reactions like skin rash, itching or hives, swelling of the face, lips, or tongue
•breathing problems
•fever, chills
•irregular heartbeat
•pain when passing urine
•seizures
•stomach pain, cramps
•unusual bleeding, bruising
•unusually weak or tired
Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your doctor or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome):
•diarrhea
•dizzy, drowsy
•headache
•nausea, vomiting
•pain, swelling, irritation where injected
•stomach upset
•sweating
This list may not describe all possible side effects. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Where should I keep my medicine?
Keep out of the reach of children.
Store at room temperature below 25 degrees C (77 degrees F). Protect from light. Throw away any unused vials after the expiration date.
Last updated: 7/1/2002
Important Disclaimer: The drug information provided here is for educational purposes only. It is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the diagnosis, treatment and advice of a medical professional. This drug information does not cover all possible uses, precautions, side effects and interactions. It should not be construed to indicate that this or any drug is safe for you. Consult your medical professional for guidance before using any prescription or over the counter drugs.
| Veterinary Dictionary: ceftriaxone |
A third generation cephalosporin antibiotic.
| Wikipedia: Ceftriaxone |
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
|---|---|
| (6R,7R)-7-{[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)->2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino}-3-{[(2-methyl-5,6-dioxo-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)thio]methyl}-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 73384-59-5 |
| ATC code | J01DD01 |
| PubChem | 5479530 |
| DrugBank | APRD00395 |
| ChemSpider | 4586394 |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C18H18N8O7S3 |
| Mol. mass | 554.58 g/mol |
| SMILES | eMolecules & PubChem |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | n/a |
| Metabolism | Negligible |
| Half life | 5.8–8.7 hours |
| Excretion | 33–67% renal, 35–45% biliary |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. | |
| Legal status | |
| Routes | Intravenous, intramuscular |
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|
Ceftriaxone (INN) (pronounced /ˌsɛftraɪˈæksoʊn/) is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. Like other third-generation cephalosporins, it has broad spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In most cases, it is considered to be equivalent to cefotaxime in terms of safety and efficacy. Ceftriaxone sodium is marketed by Hoffman-La Roche under the trade name Rocephin and MedTrax 1gm,25omg injs (neomed)under various other names in several countries.
Contents |
Clinical use
Main article: Cephalosporin
Ceftriaxone is often used (in combination, but not direct, with macrolide and/or aminoglycoside antibiotics) for the treatment of community-acquired or mild to moderate health care-associated pneumonia. It is also a choice drug for treatment of bacterial meningitis. In pediatrics, it is commonly used in febrile infants between 4 and 8 weeks of age who are admitted to the hospital to exclude sepsis. The dosage for acute ear infection in the very young is 50 mg/Kg IM, one dose only. It has also been used in the treatment of Lyme disease, typhoid fever and gonorrhea.[citation needed]
Intravenous dosages may be adjusted for body mass in younger patients and is administered every 12–24 hours, at a dose that depends on the type and severity of the infection.
For the treatment of gonorrhea, a single intramuscular injection is usually given. Treatment for chlamydia infection is also recommended (usually with azithromycin) unless it is specifically ruled out.[1]
It must not be mixed or administered simultaneously (within 48 hours) with calcium-containing solutions or products, even via different infusion lines (rare fatal cases of calcium-ceftriaxone precipitates in lung and kidneys in neonates have been described).[2]
To reduce the pain of intramuscular injection, ceftriaxone may be reconstituted with 1% lidocaine.[3]
Ceftriaxone has also been investigated for efficacy in preventing relapse to cocaine addicition.[4]
Chemistry
Ceftriaxone is a yellowish-orange crystalline powder which is readily-soluble in water, sparingly soluble in methanol and very slightly soluble in ethanol. The pH of a 1% aqueous solution is approximately 6.7.
The syn-configuration of the methoxyimino moiety confers stability to β-lactamase enzymes produced by many Gram-negative bacteria. Such stability to β-lactamases increases the activity of ceftriaxone against otherwise resistant Gram-negative bacteria. In place of the easily hydrolysed acetyl group of cefotaxime, ceftriaxone has a metabolically-stable thiotriazinedione moiety.
References
- ^ Barclay, Laurie (April 16, 2007). "CDC issues new treatment recommendations for gonorrhea". Medscape. http://cme.medscape.com/viewarticle/555228. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
- ^ Bradley JS, Wassel RT, Lee L, Nambiar S (April 2009). "Intravenous ceftriaxone and calcium in the neonate: assessing the risk for cardiopulmonary adverse events". Pediatrics 123 (4): e609–13. doi:. PMID 19289450.
- ^ Schichor A, Bernstein B, Weinerman H, Fitzgerald J, Yordan E, Schechter N (January 1994). "Lidocaine as a diluent for ceftriaxone in the treatment of gonorrhea. Does it reduce the pain of the injection?". Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 148 (1): 72–5. PMID 8143016.
- ^ Knackstedt LA, Melendez RI, Kalivas PW (August 2009). "Ceftriaxone Restores Glutamate Homeostasis and Prevents Relapse to Cocaine Seeking". Biol Psychiatry. doi:. PMID 19717140.
External links
- MedlinePlus Drug Information: Cephalosporins (systemic) – information from USP DI Advice for the Patient
- Rocephin U.S. Prescribing Information
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
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 | Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Drug Info. Gold Standard. Copyright © 2008 by Gold Standard. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Ceftriaxone". Read more |
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