The Certificate of Secondary Education (CSE) is the name of a school leaving qualification which was awarded in the period from 1965 to 1987 in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.
It was introduced to provide an examination for the majority of pupils and was available in addition to GCE O-Levels which were aimed at the more academically-able pupils[1]. There were five pass grades in its grading system ranging from grades 1 to 5 with grade 1 being recognised as equivalent to one O-Level grade C pass or above. Pupils could take a mixture of CSEs and O-levels.
Cecile Wright, a leading sociologist, found that many Black pupils were entered for the CSE instead of the O-level at an English school. This raised questions over negative teacher labelling to ethnic minorities.
It was replaced along with the O-levels by the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) in 1988.
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