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Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough KG, PC (22 November 1706 – 20 October 1758), known as The Earl of Sunderland between 1729 and 1733, was a British politician of the 18th century.
He was the second son of Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland and Lady Anne Churchill, the second daughter of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough and his wife Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough.
Charles inherited the Sunderland title from his older brother in 1729, becoming 5th Earl of Sunderland, and then the Marlborough title from his aunt, Henrietta, 2nd Duchess of Marlborough in 1733.
He was one of the original governors of London's Foundling Hospital, the foundation of which in 1739 marked a watershed in British child care advocacy and attitudes.
Seven Years War
He led the British expeditionary force on Continental Europe in the early part of the Seven Years' War, but died in 1758, leaving command to John Manners, Marquess of Granby.
Children
He married The Hon. Elizabeth Trevor, daughter of Thomas Trevor, 2nd Baron Trevor. They had five children:
- Lady Diana Spencer (1734–1808). Married first Frederick St John, 2nd Viscount Bolingbroke and secondly Topham Beauclerk.
- Elizabeth Herbert, Countess of Pembroke and Montgomery (January/March 1737 – 30 April 1831). Married Henry Herbert, 10th Earl of Pembroke.
- George Spencer, 4th Duke of Marlborough (26 January 1739 – 29 January 1817).
- Lord Charles Spencer (31 March 1740 – 16 June 1820).
- Lord Robert Spencer (3 May 1747 – 23 June 1831)
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