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China National Highways

 
Wikipedia: China National Highways
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Map of China National Highways System

The China National Highways (Chinese: 国道; pinyin: Guódào; literally "national road") are a series of trunk roads throughout all of mainland China. Although they are called highways (such as the Jingbao Highway), they are not necessarily expressways. However, like expressways, a toll is sometimes charged.

Contents

Regulation

Toll plaza on the combined G106/G316 in the center of the town of Futu, in Huangshi Municipality, Hubei

Although an accepted speed limit on China National Highways is 80 km/h, it is not uncommon to see cars zip by in excess of 100 km/h. The lack of speed detection cameras on some routes, and the lack of a signed speed limit outside of localities, means that enforcing this speed limit is rather herculean. In addition there is a notable shortage of traffic police in mainland China.

Nationwide highways often begin with the letter G, followed by three numerals, e.g.: G107. It is said that the G stands for 国家 (guójiā), or national.[1]

The numbering of the highways is as follows:

  • Five vertical and seven horizontal main routes are labelled in the 000 series (the so called "five downs and seven acrosses").
  • Except for China National Highway 112, which originates in Tianjin, all highways in the 100 series (e.g. 102, 106) begin from Beijing, the capital city of the People's Republic of China, and spread out in all compass directions;
  • Highways in the 200 series stretch from north to south;
  • Highways in the 300 series stretch from west to east (e.g., from Lhasa in Tibet through to Dandong in Liaoning province).

Highways construction

Although most Guodao are good paved roads, some sections are still quite rough, such as this 20-km stretch of G209 north of Badong, Hubei

The building of highways is seen as key to accelerating infrastructure construction. In 2003, completed investment in highway construction was 350 billion yuan and 219 key highway projects progressed, focusing mainly on the five north-south and seven east-west national arterial highways as well as highways in western China and in rural areas. By the end of 2004, the total length of highways open to traffic reached 1.871 million km, including 34,300 km of expressways up to advanced modern transportation standard, ranking second in the world. The nation's highway density has now reached 19.5 km/100 km2.

With the completion in 2008 of the five north-south and the seven east-west national arterial highways, totaling 35,000 km, Beijing and Shanghai will be linked by major highways, chiefly expressways, to the capitals of all provinces and autonomous regions of China, creating highway connections between over 200 cities.

The aim of the National Expressway Network Plan approved in early 2005 is an expressway system connecting all capitals of provinces and autonomous regions with Beijing and with each other, linking major cities and important counties. The network will have a total length of about 85,000 km, including seven originating in Beijing; the Beijing-Shanghai, Beijing-Taipei, Beijing-Hong Kong-Macau, Beijing-Kunming, Beijing-Lhasa, Beijing-Urumchi, and Beijing-Harbin expressways. Half of the projects are already underway.

List of all China National Highways

Typical kilometer marker: 1284 km from Beijing on G106

Important note: Roads in mainland China are graded into the G-Series (Guodao, or National routes), S-Series (Shengdao, or Provincial-level routes) and X-Series (Xiandao, pron. Hsien-Dao, or County-level routes). China National Highways are in the G-Series.

Former 000 Series

Note: 000 Series China National Highways point to five specific vertical routes, as well as seven specific horizontal routes. Routes ending in "0" are north-south (vertical) routes; routes ending in "5" are east-west (horizontal) routes.[2] Note: The new system with two to four numbers that indicate the "NTHS"(7918) system are now in use instead of the 000 Series.

For the New Numberic system of the expressway in National Highway System, please see Expressways of China.

Original 000 Series numbers:

100 Series

On the Jingshi Expressway (formerly designated G030, now combined G4 and G5) near Beijing.

Note: 100 Series China National Highways spread out from Beijing (exception: G112, a ring road around Beijing).

200 Series

Note: 200 Series China National Highways route between north China and south China.

300 Series

Note: 300 Series China National Highways route between west China and east China.

See also

References

  1. ^ China's Highroad to Highway Success
  2. ^ Highways of China

External links

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