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chloric acid

 
Dictionary: chloric acid

n.
A strongly oxidizing unstable acid, HClO3·7H2O.


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Chemistry Dictionary: chloric acid
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Any of the oxoacids of chlorine: chloric(I) acid, chloric(III) acid, chloric(V) acid, and chloric(VII) acid. The term is commonly used without specification of the oxidation state of chlorine to mean chloric(V) acid, HClO3.



Medical Dictionary: chlo·ric acid
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(klôr'ĭk)
n.

A strongly oxidizing unstable chlorine acid that exists only in solution and as chlorates.

WordNet: chloric acid
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Note: click on a word meaning below to see its connections and related words.

The noun has one meaning:

Meaning #1: (HClO3) a strong unstable acid with an acrid odor found in chlorate salts


Wikipedia: Chloric acid
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Chloric acid
Chloric acid
Chloric acid
Other names Chloric(V) acid
Identifiers
CAS number 7790-93-4
Properties
Molecular formula HClO3
Molar mass 84.45914 g mol−1
Appearance colourless solution
Density 1 g/mL, solution (approximate)
Solubility in water >40 g/100 ml (20 °C)
Acidity (pKa) ca. −1
Structure
Molecular shape pyramidal
Hazards
MSDS External MSDS
Main hazards Oxidant
Related compounds
Other anions bromic acid
iodic acid
Other cations ammonium chlorate
sodium chlorate
potassium chlorate
Related compounds hydrochloric acid
hypochlorous acid
chlorous acid
perchloric acid
Supplementary data page
Structure and
properties
n, εr, etc.
Thermodynamic
data
Phase behaviour
Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data UV, IR, NMR, MS
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Chloric acid, HClO3, is an oxoacid of chlorine, and the formal precursor of chlorate salts. It is a strong acid (pKa ≈ −1) and oxidizing agent.

It is prepared by the reaction of sulfuric acid with barium chlorate, the insoluble barium sulfate being removed by precipitation:

Ba(ClO3)2 + H2SO4 → 2HClO3 + BaSO4

Another method is the heating of hypochlorous acid, of which productions include chloric acid and hydrogen chloride:

3HClO → HClO3 + 2 HCl

It is stable in cold aqueous solution up to a concentration of approximately 30%, and solution of up to 40% can be prepared by careful evaporation under reduced pressure. Above these concentrations, and on warming, chloric acid solutions decompose to give a variety of products, for example:

8HClO3 → 4HClO4 + 2H2O + 2Cl2 + 3 O2
3HClO3 → HClO4 + H2O + 2 ClO2

The decomposition is controlled by kinetic factors: indeed, chloric acid is never thermodynamically stable with respect to disproportionation.

See also

References

  • Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997), Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.), Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, ISBN 0-7506-3365-4 
  • King, R. B. (Ed.) (1994) Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 2, p. 658. Chichester:Wiley. ISBN 0-471-93620-0



 
 

 

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Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Chemistry Dictionary. A Dictionary of Chemistry. Sixth Edition. Copyright © Market House Books Ltd, 2008. All rights reserved.  Read more
Medical Dictionary. The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company Read more
WordNet. WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Chloric acid" Read more