Chromosome 16 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 16 spans about 90 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents just under 3 % of the total DNA in cells.
Identifying genes on each chromosome is an active area of genetic research. Because researchers use different approaches to predict the number of genes on each chromosome, the estimated number of genes varies. Chromosome 16 probably contains between 850 and 1,200 genes.
Genes
The following are some of the genes located on chromosome 16:
- ABCC6: ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C (CFTR/MRP), member 6
- CCL17: Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 17 (scya17)
- CCL22: Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 22 (scya22)
- CX3CL1: chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (scyd1)
- CREBBP: CREB binding protein (Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome)
- COQ7: ubiquitin biosynthesis
- GAN: giant axonal neuropathy (gigaxonin)
- LITAF: lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF factor
- MEFV: Mediterranean fever
- PKD1: polycystic kidney disease 1 (autosomal dominant)
- TAT: tyrosine aminotransferase
- TSC2: tuberous sclerosis 2
- CARD15 : NOD2/NOD-like receptor C2 (NLRC2)
- MC1R : melanocortin 1 receptor
Diseases & disorders
The following diseases and are some of those related to genes on chromosome 16:
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 1
- familial Mediterranean fever
- giant axonal neuropathy
- polycystic kidney disease
- pseudoxanthoma elasticum
- Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome
- tuberous sclerosis
- tyrosinemia
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Crohn's Disease
- Diabetes mellitus
The Following disorders are related to chromosome 16
References
- Gilbert F (1999). "Disease genes and chromosomes: disease maps of the human genome. Chromosome 16". Genet Test 3 (2): 243–54. PMID 10464676.
- Martin J, et al. (2004). "The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16". Nature 432 (7020): 988–94. doi:. PMID 15616553.
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