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The civil service of the People's Republic of China consists of civil servants of all levels who run the day-to-day affairs in mainland China.
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Levels
Civil servants are found in a well-defined system of ranks. The rank of a civil servant determines what positions he/she may assume in the government or the military, how much political power he/she gets, and the level of benefits in areas such as transportation and healthcare.
According to the Temporary Regulations for National Civil Servants (国家公务员暂行条例), civil servants are put into a total of fifteen levels. The levels are:
- Premier of the People's Republic of China, Level 1
- Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China and members of the State Council, Levels 2-3
- Leading roles of ministries or equivalents (正部级), or of provinces or equivalents (省级), Levels 3-4
- Assisting roles of ministries or equivalents (副部级), or of provinces or equivalents (副省级), Levels 4-5
- Leading roles of departments or equivalents (正司级 / 正厅级), or of prefectures or equivalents (地级), or counsels (巡视员) Levels 5-7
- Assisting roles of departments or equivalents (副司级 / 副厅级), of prefectures or equivalents (副地级), or assistant counsels (助理巡视员) Levels 6-8
- Leading roles of divisions or equivalents (正处级), of counties or equivalents (县级), or consultants (调研员), Levels 7-10
- Assisting roles of divisions or equivalents (副处级), of counties or equivalents (副县级), or assistant consultants (助理调研员), Levels 8-11
- Leading roles of sections or equivalents (正科级), of townships or equivalents (乡级), Levels 9-12
- Assisting roles of sections or equivalents (副科级), of townships or equivalents (副乡级), Levels 9-13
- Staff members (科员), Levels 9-14
- Clerks (办事员), Levels 10-15
History
China has had a tradition of maintaining a large and well-organized civil service. In ancient times eligibility for employment in the civil service was determined by an Imperial examination system.
State Administration of Civil Service
The State Administration of Civil Service (SACS) was created in March 2008 by the National People's Congress (NPC). It is under the management of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (MHRSS), which resulted from the merger of the Ministry of Personnel and the Ministry of Labor and Social Security. The function of the administration covers management, recruitment, assessment, training, rewards, supervision and other aspects related to civil service affairs. The SACS also has several new functions. These include drawing up regulations on the trial periods of newly-enrolled personnel, further protecting the legal rights of civil servants and having the responsibility of the registration of civil servants under central departments. The SACS's establishment was part of the government's reshuffle in 2008. It aimed at a "super ministry" system to streamline government department functions.
See also
- People's Republic of China
- Politics of the People's Republic of China
- Political position ranking of the People's Republic of China
- Political divisions of China
- China National School of Administration
- Chinese Public Administration Society
Further reading
- Governance in China (2005), By OECD, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development - 574 pages
- China's civil service reform and local government performance : a principal-agent perspective (2006)[1]
- Civil Service Reform in China, 1993-2001: A Case of Implementation Failure[2]
External links
- State Administration of Civil Service (国家公务员局) (Chinese)
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