Civil Works Administration
The Civil Works Administration was established by the New Deal during the Great Depression to create jobs for millions of the unemployed. The jobs were to be merely temporary, for the duration of the hard winter. Harry L. Hopkins was put in charge of the organization. US President Franklin D. Roosevelt unveiled the CWA on November 8, 1933.
The CWA was a project created under the FERA, or Federal Emergency Relief Administration. Because the FERA failed to give people jobs, another program was needed and the CWA was set up along with the Civilian Conservation Corps, a.k.a. the CCC.
The CWA created construction jobs, mainly improving or constructing buildings and bridges. It ended on 31 march 1934, under the advice of Lewis Douglas, after costing $200 million a month. So much was spent on this administration because it hired 4 million people and was mostly concerned with paying high wages.
Opposition
Although the CWA provided many with jobs, a livelihood, and hope, there were many who criticized it for its expensiveness and limited effects. Over the course of its five month run, it spent over half a billion dollars, although initial plans projected a maximum cost of $400,000,000. Al Smith and Harold Ickes were two main protesters, and it is much from their objection that the CWA was ended in March of 1934 because The Supreme Court made the new deal illegal and all of its Acts and Administrations illegal as well.
See also
References
- Kennedy, David M., Cohen, Lizabeth, Bailey, Thomas A. The American Pageant. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2002.
- Lawson, Don. FDR's New Deal. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1974.
- Nardo, Don. The Great Depression. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, Inc., 2000.
External links
- University of Washington Libraries Digital Collections – Civil Works Administration Photographs 119 images showing work projects in King County, Washington established under the auspices of the Civil Works Administration in 1933-34.
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