Clarias
| Clarias Fossil range: Lower Pliocene - Recent |
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 Walking catfish, Clarias batrachus
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Many, see text. |
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- This article is about the catfish genus; for the band see Clarias (band).
Clarias is a genus of catfishes (order Siluriformes) of the family Clariidae, the airbreathing catfishes. The name is derived from the Greek chlaros, which means lively, in reference to the ability of the fish to live for a long time out of water.[1]
Distribution
They are found in inland waters throughout much of the Old World, and is one of the most widespread catfish genera in the world.[2][3] The genus is found in Southeast Asia and East Asia westwards through India and the Asia Minor to Africa.[4] The diversity of these catfishes is highest in Africa.[5] Some (notably the Walking catfish) have become pest species where they have been accidentally introduced.
Description
Clarias species are recognized by their long-based dorsal and anal fins, which give them a rather eel-like appearance. These fish have slender bodies, a flat bony head, and a broad, terminal mouth with four pairs of barbels. They also have a large, accessory breathing organ composed of modified gill arches.[2][4] Also, only the pectoral fins have spines.[6]
Relationship to humans
Many of the species are of great economic importance in both fisheries and fish culture.[5]
Species
Species according to Ferraris, 2007.[7]
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References
- ^ "Clarias". FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. Aug 2007 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2007.
- ^ a b c Ng, Heok Hee (2003). "Clarias insolitus, a new species of clariid catfish (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from southern Borneo" (PDF). Zootaxa 284: 1–8.
- ^ a b Ng, Heok Hee (2001). "Clarias microstomus, a New Species of Clariid Catfish from Eastern Borneo (Teleostei: Siluriformes)" (PDF). Zoological Studies 40 (2): 158-162.
- ^ a b c Lim, Kelvin K. P.; Ng, H. H. (1999). "Clarias batu, a New Species of Catfish (Teleostei: Clariidae) from Pulau Tioman, Peninsular Malaysia" (PDF). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology (6): 157-167.
- ^ a b c Teugels, Guy G.; Sudarto; Pouyaud, Laurent (2001). "Description of a New Clarias Species from Southeast Asia Based on Morphological and Genetical Evidence (Siluriformes, Clariidae)" (PDF). 25 (1): 81-92.
- ^ a b Sudarto; Teugels, Guy G.; Pouyaud, Laurent (2004). "Description of a New Clariid Catfish, Clarias pseudonieuhofii from West Borneo (Siluriformes: Clariidae)" (PDF). Zoological Studies 43 (1): 8-19.
- ^ Ferraris, Carl J., Jr. (2007). "Checklist of catfishes, recent and fossil (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes), and catalogue of siluriform primary types" (PDF). Zootaxa 1418: 1–628.
- ^ Ng, Heok Hee (2003). "Clarias nigricans, a New Species of Clariid Catfish (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from Eastern Borneo" (PDF). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 51 (2): 393-398.
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