n.
A semisynthetic antibiotic of the penicillin group that is used primarily to treat infections caused by staphylococci, streptococci, or pneumococci.
[C(H)L(ORO)- + OX(O)- + A(ZO)- + (PENI)CILLIN.]
cloxacillin
Dictionary:
clox·a·cil·lin (klŏk'sə-sĭl'ĭn) 
|
n.
A semisynthetic antibiotic of the penicillin group that is used primarily to treat infections caused by staphylococci, streptococci, or pneumococci.
| 5min Related Video: cloxacillin |
| Medical Dictionary: clox·a·cil·lin |
(klŏk'sə-sĭl'ĭn)
n.
n.
A semisynthetic antibiotic of the penicillin group that is used primarily to treat infections caused by staphylococci, streptococci, or pneumococci.
| Veterinary Dictionary: cloxacillin |
A semisynthetic penicillin, resistant to β-lactamase and active against gram-positive bacteria.
| Wikipedia: Cloxacillin |
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|
| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
|---|---|
| (2S,5R,6R)-6-{[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl- oxazole-4-carbonyl]amino}-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo- 4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid |
|
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 61-72-3 |
| ATC code | J01CF02 QJ51 QS01 |
| PubChem | 6098 |
| DrugBank | APRD00882 |
| ChemSpider | 5873 |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C19H18ClN3O5S |
| Mol. mass | 435.88 g/mol |
| SMILES | eMolecules & PubChem |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 37 to 90% |
| Protein binding | 95% |
| Metabolism | ? |
| Half life | 30 minutes to 1 hour |
| Excretion | Renal and biliary |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
B(US) |
| Legal status | |
| Routes | Oral, IM |
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Cloxacillin is a semisynthetic antibiotic in the same class as penicillin. Cloxacillin was discovered and developed by Beecham. It is sold under a number of trade names, including Cloxapen and Orbenin.
Cloxacillin is used against staphylococci that produce beta-lactamase, due to its large R chain which doesn't allow the beta-lactamases to bind.
This drug has a weaker antibacterial activity than benzylpenicillin, and is devoid of serious toxicity except for allergic reactions.
It has been suggested, in one study, that increased use of cloxacillin may permit reduced use of vancomycin.[1]
See also
References
- ^ Lawrence SL, Roth V, Slinger R, Toye B, Gaboury I, Lemyre B (2005). "Cloxacillin versus vancomycin for presumed late-onset sepsis in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and the impact upon outcome of coagulase negative staphylococcal bacteremia: a retrospective cohort study". BMC Pediatr 5: 49. doi:. PMID 16375769. PMC 1343548. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2431/5/49.
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 | Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Medical Dictionary. The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Read more |
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| Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Cloxacillin". Read more |
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