Collagraphy (sometimes misspelled "collography") is a printmaking process in which materials are applied to a rigid substrate (such as cardboard or wood). The word is derived from the Greek word koll or kollo, meaning glue and graph, meaning the activity of drawing, which could explain the common misspelling collograph. (Adding to the confusion, a photo-collograph is a term to refer to any type of collotype photographic print.)
The plate can be intaglio inked, inked with a roller or paintbrush, or some combination thereof. Ink or pigment is applied to the resulting collage, and the board is used to print onto paper or another material using either a printing press or various hand tools. The resulting print is termed a collagraph. Substances such as carborundum, acrylic texture mediums, sandpapers, string, cut card, leaves and grasses can all be used in creating the collagraph plate. In some instances, leaves can be used as a source of pigment by rubbing them onto the surface of the plate.
Different tonal effects and vibrant colours can be achieved with the technique due to the depth of relief and differential inking that results from the collograph plate's highly textured surface. Collagraphy is a very open printmaking method. Ink may be applied to the upper surfaces of the plate with a brayer for a relief print, or ink may be applied to the entire board and then removed from the upper surfaces but remaining in the spaces between objects, resulting in an intaglio print. A combination of both intaglio and relief methods may also be employed. A printing press may or may not be used.
Books on creating collagraphs include:
"Collagraphs and Mixed-Media Printmaking" by Brenda Hartill and Richard Clarke (UK 2005, US 2008).
"Intaglio: Acrylic-Resist Etching, Collagraphy, Engraving, Drypoint, Mezzotint" by Robert Adam and Carol Robertson (2008).
"Collagraph Printmaking" by Mary Ann Wenniger (1981).
"The Complete Collagraph: The Art and Technique of Printmaking from Collage Plates" by Clare Romano and John Ross (1980).
"Collagraph Printmaking" by Donald Stoltenberg (1975).
See also
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