| Communist Party of India (Maoist) | |
|---|---|
| {{{party_logo}}} | |
| Leader | Ganapati[1] |
| Founded | September 21, 2004 |
| Religion | {{{religion}}} |
| Political ideology | Maoism |
| Nationality | India |
| Website | People's March |
The Communist Party of India (Maoist) is an underground Maoist political party in India. It was founded on September 21, 2004, through the merger of the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) People's War and the Maoist Communist Centre of India. The merger was announced to the public on October 14 the same year. In the merger a provisional central committee was constituted, with PW leader Ganapati as General Secretary. The CPI (Maoist) are often referred to as Naxalites in reference to the Naxalbari insurrection by radical Maoists in West Bengal in 1967.
Ideology
The Communist Party of India (Maoist) is conducting 'people's war', a strategical line developed by Mao Zedong during the phase of guerrilla warfare of the Communist Party of China. Currently it has effective control over some regions of Jharkhand and Andhra Pradesh as well as presence in Bihar and the tribal-dominated areas in the borderlands of Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, West Bengal and Orissa. The CPI(Maoist) aims to consolidate its power in this area and establish a Compact Revolutionary Zone from which to advance the people's war in other parts of India.
Organization
The military wings of the respective organisations, People's Liberation Guerrilla Army (military wing of MCCI) and People's Guerrilla Army (military wing of PW), were also merged. The name of the unified military organisation is People's Liberation Guerrilla Army. P.V. Ramana, of the Observer Research Foundation in Delhi estimates the Naxilites' current strength at 9,000 -10,000 armed fighters, with access to about 6,500 firearms.[2] The Asian Center for Human Rights alleges that the Maoists recruit child soldiers.[6]
Status
Communism in India
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Communist Party of India |
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Communist Party of India (Marxist) |
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Naxalbari uprising |
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Socialist Unity Centre of India |
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A. K. Gopalan |
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| Communism Portal |
The party is regarded by some as a "left-wing extremist entity" and a terrorist outfit and several of their members have been arrested by the Indian Government under the Prevention of Terrorism Act (POTA) [3][4]. The group is officially banned by the State Governments of Orissa[5], Chattisgarh and Andhra Pradesh, among others. The party has protested these bans.[6] They are regarded as a serious security threat and the Indian government is taking countermeasures, pulling the affected states together to coordinate their response. It says it will combine improved policing with socio-economic measures to defuse grievances that fuel the Maoist cause.[7] In many states, private armies and vigilante groups, often government-sponsored, have sprung up to counter the Maoists. These have also forcibly recruited villagers against the Maoists.[8] Special insurance provisions have been made by the Indian government for paramilitary forces stationed in regions affected by the militant Maoists.[9]
| Organizations listed as terrorist groups by India |
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| Northeastern India |
| National Socialist Council of Nagaland-Isak-Muivah (NSCN-IM) Naga National Council-Federal (NNCF) National Council of Nagaland-Khaplang United Liberation Front of Asom People's Liberation Army Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup (KYKL) Zomi Revolutionary Front |
| North India |
| Khalistan Liberation Force Khalistan Commando Force Communist Party of India (Maoist) Bhindranwale Tiger Force of Khalistan Babbar Khalsa Khalistan Zindabad Force |
| Kashmir |
| Lashkar-e-Toiba Jaish-e-Mohammed Hizbul Mujahideen Harkat-ul-Mujahideen Farzandan-e-Milat United Jihad Council Al-Qaeda |
| Central India |
| People's war group Balbir militias Naxals Ranvir Sena |
Front Organisations
The PWG also has a string of front organisations of students, youth, industrial workers, miners, farm hands, women, poets, writers and cultural artists. Some among these are listed below:
Andhra Pradesh
Rythu Coolie Sangham (Agricultural labourers association)
Singareni Karmika Samakhya (Singareni collieries workers federation)
Viplava Karmika Samakhya (Revolutionary workers federation)
Radical Students Union
Radical Youth League
All India Revolutionary Students Federation
Bihar
Lok Sangram Morcha (People’s Struggle Front)
Mazddor Kisam Mukti Morcha (Workers-Peasants Liberation Front)
Jan Mukti Parishad (People’s Liberation Council)
Mazdoor Kisan Ekta Morcha (Workers-Peasants Unity Front)
Bharat Navjawan Sabha (Indian Youth Association)
Mazdoor Kisan Sangrami Parishad (Workers-Peasants Struggle Council)
Shramik Sangram Manch (Workers Struggle Platform)
Nari Mukti Sangharsh Samiti (Women’s Liberation Struggle Association)
Sangharsha Jana Mukti Morcha (People’s Liberation Struggle Front)
Democratic Students Union
All India People’s Resistance Forum
Madhya Pradesh
Adivasi Kisan Mazdoor Sangh (Tribal Peasants-Workers Association)
Krantikari Kisan Mazdoor Sangh (Revolutionary Peasants-Workers Association)
Krantikari Balak Sangh (Revolutionary Children’s Association)
Gram Raksha Dal (Village Defence Force)
Gram Rajya Samiti (Village governance council)
Recent activities
- On March 15, 2007 an attack happened in the rebel stronghold area of Dantewada, in Chhattisgarh state. Fifty-four persons, including 15 personnel of the Chhattishgarh Armed Force, were killed in an offensive by 300 to 350 CPI (Maoist) cadres on a police base camp in the Bastar region in the early hours of Thursday. The remaining victims were tribal youths of Salwa Judum, designated as Special Police Officers (SPOs) and roped in to combat the Maoists. Eleven person were injured. The attack, which lasted nearly two-and-a-half hours, was spearheaded by the "State Military Commission (Maoist)", consisting of about 100 armed naxalites.[7]
- On March 6, 2007 the CPI (Maoist) reportedly claimed responsibility for the Mahato assassination, but JMM members of the Jharkhand state cabinet, including the Chief Minister, subsequently announced that a state police investigation is under way into the authenticity of this claim. Police reportedly believe that political rivals of Mahato, including organized criminal groups, may have been behind the assassination.[10]
- On March 5, 2007, Maoist shot dead a local Congress leader (Prakash, a member of the local Mandal Praja Parishad (MPP)) in Andhra Pradesh while he was inspecting a road construction project in Mahabubnagar district. [8]
- On March 4, 2007, Maoist shot dead a member of the parliament Sunil Mahato of the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM) party from Jharkhand state.[9]
- On December 2, 2006, the BBC reported that at least 14 Indian policemen have been killed by Maoists in a landmine ambush near the town of Bokaro, 80 miles from Ranchi, the capital of the State of Jharkhand.[10]
- On October 18, 2006, women belonging to the Maoist guerrilla force blasted four government buildings in the Bastar region of Chhattisgarh. On the day before, over a dozen armed cadres of the group, with support from male colleagues, blocked traffic on the Antagarh-Koylibera Road in the Kanker district, near the city of Raipur. They also detonated explosives inside four buildings, including two schools, in Kanker[11]. This incident occurred two days after a major leader of the party's operations in Orissa and Andhra Pradesh, Kone Kedandam, surrendered to authorities in the town of Srikakulam.[12]
- On July 16, 2006, the Maoists attacked a relief camp in the Dantewada district where several villagers were kidnapped. The death toll was 29.[11]
- On February 28, 2006, the Maoists attacked several anti-Maoist protesters in Erraboru village in Chhattisgarh using landmines, killing 25 people.[12]
- On 13 November 2005, CPI (Maoist) fighters stunned authorities by attacking Jehanabad in Bihar, freeing 250 captured comrades and taking twenty imprisoned right wing paramilitaries captive, executing their leader. They also detonated several bombs in the town [13]. A prison guard was also reported killed.
- In August 2005, Maoists kidnapped from the Dantewada district of the state of Chhattisgarh.This fiollows violent incidents in 2004 in the same region when 50 policemen and about 300 villagers were killed in the Dantewada district and over 50,000 villagers were staying in relief camps out of fear from Maoists.[14]
- In February 2005 the CPI (Maoist) killed 7 policemen, a civilian and injured many more during a mass attack on a school building in Venkatammanahalli village, Pavgada, Tumkur, Karnataka.[15][16] On August 17 2005, the government of Andhra Pradesh outlawed the Communist Party of India (Maoist) and various mass organizations close to it, and began to arrest suspected members and sympathizers days afterwards. The arrested included former emissaries at the peace talks of 2004.
International connections
| Part of a series on Maoism |
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| Basic concepts |
| Marxism-Leninism |
| Anti-Revisionism |
| 3 Worlds Theory |
| Social-imperialism |
| Mass line |
| People's war |
| New Democracy |
| Prominent Maoists |
| Mao Zedong |
| Prachanda |
| Bob Avakian |
| Zhang Chunqiao |
| José María Sison |
| Abimael Guzmán |
| Charu Majumdar |
| Jiang Qing |
| İbrahim Kaypakkaya |
| Maoist tendencies |
| Conference of M-L Parties and Organizations |
| Revolutionary Internationalist Movement |
| Related subjects |
| Communist Party of China |
| Cultural Revolution |
| Little Red Book |
| Naxalism |
The CPI (Maoist) maintains dialogue with the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) who control most of Nepal in the Coordination Committee of Maoist Parties and Organizations of South Asia (CCOMPOSA). [source needed]
External links
- Revolutionary Path Pro Maoist blog
- Indian Maoist
- India's war with itself Suhas Chakma of the Asian Centre of Human Rights reports on the human rights implications of the insurgency on Madrid11.net
- People's March - Voice of Indian Revolution, Independent Publication sympathetic to CPI (Maoist)
- Naxal Revolution (Pro-Maoist Blog)
- Maoist Resistance ( Pro-Maoist Blog ) Old blog at Resistance India has been hacked}
- Bastar Pro Maoist blog
- Lal Jhanda - Pro-Maoist Blog
- Parisar pro Maoist Students blog
- Naxalwatch - Anti-Naxal blog
- South Asia Terrorism Portal on the CPI(Maoist)
- The Naxalite Challenge - FrontLine
- South Asia Terrorism Portal - Map of naxalite influence in West Bengal
- Naxal Conflict Monitor - An Initiative of the Asian Center for Human Rights
References
- ^ [1]
- ^ A spectre haunting India, the Economist Volume 380 Number 8491 August 19th-25th 2006
- ^ CPI_M,South Asia Terrorism Portal
- ^ Article on CPI_M,MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base
- ^ Eastern Indian state bans communist rebel group,The China Post
- ^ Maoists plan stir,The Hindu
- ^ Naxalites massacre policemen in Chhattisgarh
- ^ [2]
- ^ [3]
- ^ 'Maoists' kill 14 Indian police',BBC
- ^ 29 killed, 250 missing in Chattisgarh naxal attack,Hindustan Times
- ^ [4],The Hindu
- ^ Naxalites lay siege to Jehanabad, The Hindu
- ^ [5],Hindustan Times
- ^ 6 cops killed in Naxal attack,Deccan Herald
- ^ Naxal attack Another cop succumbs,Deccan Herald
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