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The comprehensive metabolic panel, or chemical screen, (CMP; CPT code 80053) is a standard suite of 14 blood tests which serves as an initial broad screening tool for physicians. Because it is often ordered as a routine part of an annual physical examination or check up, over time the CMP provides an important baseline of a patient's basic physiology. Any changes or abnormal results, and in particular combinations of abnormal results, thus provides important initial data for differential diagnosis, in which case more specialized tests may be indicated. In and of itself, however, the CMP provides an important gross check on the status of kidney function, liver function, and electrolyte and fluid balance.
In addition to being used at routine physicals of healthy patients, the CMP is routinely administered to monitor the status of a patient with a chronic disease, such as diabetes mellitus or hypertension.
Previous names for the panel of tests have been Chem 12, Chemistry panel, Chemistry screen, SMA 12, SMA 20 and SMAC.[1]
Contents |
Testing
| BMP/ELECTROLYTES: | |||
| Na+=140 | Cl-=100 | BUN=20 | / |
| Glu=150 | |||
| K+=4 | CO2=22 | PCr=1.0 | \ |
| ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS: | |||
| HCO3-=24 | paCO2=40 | paO2=95 | pH=7.40 |
| ALVEOLAR GAS: | |||
| pACO2=36 | pAO2=105 | A-a g=10 | |
| OTHER: | |||
| Ca=9.5 | PO4=1 | Mg2+=2.0 | |
| CK=55 | BE=-0.36 | AG=16 | |
| SERUM OSMOLARITY/RENAL: | |||
| PMO = 300 | PCO=295 | POG=5 | BUN:Cr=20 |
| URINALYSIS: | |||
| UNa+=80 | UCl-=100 | UAG=5 | FENa=0.95 |
| UK+=25 | USG=1.01 | UCr=60 | UO=800 |
| PROTEIN/GI/LIVER FUNCTION TESTS: | |||
| LDH=100 | TP=7.6 | AST=25 | TBIL=0.7 |
| ALP=71 | Alb=4.0 | ALT=40 | BC=0.5 |
| AST/ALT=0.6 | BU=0.2 | ||
| AF alb=3.0 | SAAG=1.0 | SOG=60 | |
| CSF: | |||
| CSF alb=30 | CSF glu=60 | CSF/S alb=7.5 | CSF/S glu=0.4 |
Typically, the patient fasts for ten or twelve hours before the blood is drawn for the test. The following tests are then performed:[1]
General tests
These tests help screen for a wide variety of problems. The glucose test in particular helps screen for diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes.
Protein tests
Tests of protein levels in the blood help screen for both kidney and liver disorders.
Electrolytes
Electrolyte levels and the balance among them are tightly regulated by the body. Both individual values and ratios among the values are significant; abnormalities among either can indicate problems such as an electrolyte disturbance, acid-base imbalance, or kidney dysfunction.
Kidney function assessment
Liver function assessment
- Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
- Alanine amino transferase (ALT or SGPT)
- Aspartate amino transferase (AST or SGOT)
- Bilirubin
References
- ^ a b "Comprehensive Metabolic Panel". Lab Tests Online. 2005-10-31. http://www.labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/cmp/glance.html. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
See also
External links
- http://www.mgh.org/lab/CATALOG/TESTS/135.HTM — Reference range for each test in the CMP
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