The Constitutional Charter of the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro (Serbian: Уставна повеља Србије и Црне Горе, Ustavna povelja Srbije i Crne Gore) came into force on 4 February 2003, and united Serbia and Montenegro under one government, the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro, replacing the earlier Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
This was the third time in history such a union had been attempted. Article 60 of the constitution required that a minimum of three years pass after its ratification before one of the member states could declare independence, as indeed happened when Montenegro voted to approve an independence referendum in 2006.
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