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The Crimean People's Republic (Crimean Tatar: Qırım Halq Cumhuriyeti) existed during December 1917-January 1918 on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula, now located in modern-day Crimea of southern Ukraine. It was the first attempt to establish a democratic and secular republic in the Muslim world; see also Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. The foundation of the Crimean People's Republic was one of the many short-lived attempts to create a new state after the Russian Revolution of 1917 which had led to the collapse of the Russian Empire.
The Crimean People's Republic was declared by the initiative of the Qurultay of Crimean Tatars, but stipulated the equality of all ethnicities within the peninsula, the majority of whom were the Russians (42%), Ukrainians (11%),[1] Armenians and Greeks. Although they were largely outnumbered by the other population groups, the Crimean Tatars were for a while the dominant political and cultural force on the peninsula as a result of Tatarization. Noman Çelebicihan was the first President.
The Qurultay, in opposition to the Bolsheviks, published the "Crimean Tatar Basic Law," which called for the convention of the All-Crimean Constitutional Assembly, established a Board of Directors as a provisional government and the Council of National Representatives as a provisional parliament.[2]
Their nation building attempt was defeated by the forces of the Black Sea Fleet dominated by Bolsheviks and anarchists.[2]
See also
References
- ^ Magocsi, Paul Robert (2007). Ukraine: An Illustrated History. Seattle: University of Washington Press. p. pg. 238. ISBN 0295987235.
- ^ a b Garchev, Petr. "KURULTAY AND CENTRAL COUNCIL". Center of Information and Documentation of Crimean Tatars. http://www.cidct.org.ua/en/studii/2(2000)/6.html. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
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