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It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Gibrizlija. (Discuss) |
| Cypriot Turkish | ||
|---|---|---|
| Kıbrıs Türkçesi, Kıbrıs ağzı | ||
| Spoken in | Northern Cyprus, Cyprus (as Turkish Language) |
|
| Region | Cyprus Island | |
| Total speakers | 500,000[1] | |
| Language family | Altaic[2] (controversial) | |
| Writing system | Latin alphabet | |
| Official status | ||
| Official language in | Northern Cyprus, Cyprus | |
| Regulated by | No official regulation | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1 | tr | |
| ISO 639-2 | tur | |
| ISO 639-3 | tur | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
Cypriot Turkish is a dialect of Turkish spoken by Turkish Cypriots.
Contents |
Sounds
Differences from standard ("İstanbul") Turkish
Cypriot Turkish is distinguished by a number of sound alternations not found in standard Turkish, but some of which are also quite common in other Turkish vernaculars:
- Voicing of some unvoiced stops
- t↔d, k↔g
-
- Standard Turkish kurt ↔ Cypriot Turkish gurt "worm"
- Standard Turkish taş ↔ Cypriot Turkish daş "stone"
- Preservation of earlier Turkic *ŋ
-
- Standard Turkish son ↔ Cypriot Turkish soñ "end, last"
- Standard Turkish bin ↔ Cypriot Turkish biñ "thousand"
- Changing 1st person plural suffix
- z↔k
-
- Standard Turkish isteriz ↔ Cypriot Turkish isterik "we want"
- Unvoicing of some voiced stops
- b↔p
-
- Standard Turkish Kıbrıs ↔ Cypriot Turkish Kıprıs "Cyprus"
- Lenition of final affricates
- ç ([tʃ]) ↔ ş ([ʃ])
-
- Standard Turkish hiç ↔ Cypriot Turkish hiş "no, none"
The last two alternations are more specific to Cypriot Turkish.
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | p | b | t̪ | d̪ | k | g | q | ɢ | ||||
| Affricate | tʃ | dʒ | ||||||||||
| Fricative | f | v | s̟ | z̟ | ʃ | x | ɣ | h | ||||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||||||||
| Flap/Tap | r | |||||||||||
| Lateral | l | |||||||||||
| Approximant | j | |||||||||||
Vowels
| front | central | back | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | unrounded | rounded | unrounded | rounded | |
| high | i | y (ü) | ɯ (ı) | u | ||
| mid | e (ẹ) | œ (ö) | o | |||
| low | æ (e) | ɑ̟ | ||||
Grammar
Cypriot Turkish is structured as VO language as oppose to standard Turkish which is OV language. It is very typical in forming a question.
- Standard Turkish "Okula gidecek misin?" in Cypriot Turkish "Gideceñ okula?" (Will you go to school?)
In Cypriot Turkish, reflexive pronoun in third person is different, which is "genni" (him, himself, them, themself)(Standard Turkish: kendisini)
Semantics
Typical question sentences most of the time do not qualify as standard Turkish question. See example above. This is due to question suffixes are most of the time dropped by native Turkish Cypriots.
Another subtle difference is the emphasis on verbs.
See also
References
- Erdoğan Saracoğlu (1992). Kıbrıs Ağzı: Sesbilgisi Özellikleri, Metin Derlemeleri, Sözlük. K.K.T.C. Millî Eğitim ve Kültür Bakanlığı. ISBN 975-17-1015-4.
- Yıltan Taşçı (1986). Kıbrıs Ağzı Dil Özellikleri. Lefkoşa: Akar Yayıncılık.
External links
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