Daijō Tennō
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Daijō Tennō or Dajō Tennō (both accepted readings of 太上天皇) was a Japanese Emperor (Tennō) who abdicated in favor of a successor. It is often shortened as Jōkō (上皇).
As defined in the Taihō Code, although retired, a Daijō Tennō could still exert power. The first such example of Daijō Tennō is the Empress Jitō in the 7th century.
A retired emperor sometimes entered the Buddhist monastic community, becoming a cloistered emperor.
This practice was rather common during the Heian period. The last Emperor to rule as a Jōkō was Emperor Kōkaku, in 1817. A total of 62 Japanese emperors abdicated.
Go-Hanazono abdicated on Kansho 5, 7, 19 (1464), but no long afterwards, Onin no ran broke out, and there were no further abdications until Tensho 14, 11, 7 (1586), when Ogimachi gave over the reigns of government to his grandson GoYozei. This was due to the disturbed state of the country; and the fact that there was neither a house for an ex-emperor nor money to support him or it.[1]
References
Notes
- ^ Ponsonby-Fane, pp. 340-341.
Further reading
- Ponsonby-Fane, Richard A. B. (1956). Kyoto: The Old Capital of Japan, 794-1869. Kyoto: The Ponsonby Memorial Society.
See also
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