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Dictionary:
death's-head (dĕths'hĕd') |
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The figure of the death's head has been a prominent symbol of human mortality and the vanity of life in Western culture. Whether it appears in the hands of Shakespeare's Hamlet or as an emblem for a 1980's heavy metal band, the human skull brings death to mind; as a well-known and popular image, its primary purpose is to draw attention to the end of life. Although the death's head has roots in more macabre images of the transi, or rotting, worm-infested corpse, the meanings of the death's head, and the animated skeleton in general, have multiplied over the last several centuries.
The skull is the most recognizably human element of the entire skeletal frame; it is also a strange, disconcerting object to reflect on because the fleshless face, hollow eyes, and bared teeth anticipate the future state of all who contemplate it. When the skull is detached from the rest of the skeleton and inserted into a particular context, it communicates a general message about the human condition. This message can be related to inevitable change and dissolution, Christian conversion, or simply existential horror; the supporting iconographic field of images usually determines the symbolic valences of the death's head.
As historian Philippe Ariès argues, the appearance of the skull in a variety of artistic expressions and everyday objects, beginning in the sixteenth century, was linked to a new sensibility about life known as the vanities. The sentiments associated with the vanities expressed a range of rather sombre, melancholy notions, including the swift passage of time, the fragility of human life, and the centrality of death in all human affairs. Whereas the earlier expressions of the macabre often imagined death as a supernatural threat existing outside of human nature, the vanities reconsiders the power of death as an integral condition of life itself. The ideas tied to these sentiments related both to distinctly religious strategies for conversion, and to more secular musings about the brute facts of physical death and the transitory nature of this world. Indeed, after the sixteenth century the death's head becomes one of the most popular versions of the memento mori theme: ‘Remember, you must die!’
The range of possible meanings identified with the death's head depends very much on cultural setting. In Puritan New England, for example, this symbol had specific religious value to the community understanding of death. Cotton Mather captured the common religious assumptions associated with contemplating the death's head when he wrote: ‘That man is like to die comfortably, who is every Day minding himself, that he is to die shortly. Let us look upon every thing as a sort of Death's-Head set before us, with a Memento mortis written upon it.’ In the iconography of early New England cemeteries, the death's head was combined with an array of images, including scythes, crowns, hourglasses, and wings, to represent both the swiftness of time and the possibilities of spiritual regeneration.
In more recent times, the symbolism of the death's head has less to do with the vanities theme and more to do with modern fears and anxieties about violence and death. Although it has retained its function as a memento mori, the death's head does not always lead to melancholy contemplation of the shortness of life and inevitable decay. It can often bring to mind the presence of evil in the world and, in many cases, it serves as a general symbol alerting individuals to impending mortal danger.
— Gary Laderman
Bibliography
| WordNet: death's head |
The noun has one meaning:
Meaning #1:
a human skull (or a representation of a human skull) used as a symbol of death
| Wikipedia: Death's Head |
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| Death's Head | |
|---|---|
![]() Cover for Death's Head #1. Art by Bryan Hitch & Mark Farmer. |
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| Publication information | |
| Publisher | Marvel Comics |
| First appearance | High Noon Tex or Transformers UK #113 |
| Created by | Simon Furman Geoff Senior |
Death's Head is a fictional character, a robotic bounty hunter (or rather, as he calls himself, a "freelance peace-keeping agent") appearing in the comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character was created by writer Simon Furman and artist Geoff Senior for the company's Marvel UK imprint. Furman decided to use Death's Head in his Transformers stories, but believed that characters appearing in Transformers "were prone to be absorbed into that title's catchall copyright"[1] (allowing Hasbro to contest their ownership) and led to a one-page strip titled High Noon Tex (which was subsequently published in various Marvel UK titles) being hastily created to establish Marvel's ownership of the character.[1]
The character was later redesigned and relaunched as Death's Head II, acting as one of the flagship characters for Marvel UK's 1990s expansion. This version of Death's Head also inspired two spin-off characters, Death Wreck and Death Metal, each of which starred in its own limited series.
Later, in 2005, fans used a poll on Marvel's website to vote for the character's return. This led to a third version of Death's Head, Death's Head 3.0, created by original Death's Head writer Simon Furman.
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Death's Head was originally created as a "throwaway character" for use in the UK Transformers comic, a bounty hunter who would feature in a single story-arc and then, according to writer Simon Furman, would "be discarded down the line (probably at the end of the first story arc)".[1]
Geoff Senior then showed Furman the initial character designs, at which point they decided that the character had potential beyond his planned appearance as a "generic, stock mech-with-an-attitude". As a result of this, Simon Furman also rewrote the Transformers scripts to change Death's Head's dialogue in line with the revised character concept.[1]
To avoid Hasbro claiming ownership of the character as a consequence of the Transformers copyright terms they had agreed with Marvel, Death's Head had to make his debut in another Marvel comic before appearing in Transformers (this situation had also applied to another Marvel character created for use in Transformers, Circuit Breaker).[1] Accordingly, Furman wrote a single-page strip ("High Noon Tex", illustrated by Bryan Hitch) that was published in a number of Marvel UK titles.
Furman has stated that he chose the name Death's Head for the character while unaware of the "Nazi-connotations of the name".[1]
After the initial Transformers storylines, the character appeared in Doctor Who Magazine, in a story which saw him reduced from a giant robot to a more human stature.[volume & issue needed] He then made a guest appearance in Marvel UK's Dragon's Claws comic,[volume & issue needed] which led into a ten issue ongoing series of his own.
After the cancellation of the series, Marvel UK published an origin story for the character, The Body in Question, initially serialised in the Marvel UK anthology Strip,[volume & issue needed] and later collected in a singl graphic novel.
At this time, six issues of the original series were also collected in the graphic novel The Life and Times of Death's Head, together with the High Noon Tex strip, a foreword from writer Simon Furman and some concept art for the character's original design.[citation needed] The foreword mentioned a new limited series that was planned with a new, gothic, redesign of the character. However, this series was never published.
After the initial Death's Head stories ceased publication, the character was revamped for inclusion in Marvel UK's next wave of titles, where it became the company's biggest ever exported seller. Originally launched as a four-issue limited series, Death's Head II then became an ongoing series - and also featured in a number of team-up limited series designed to showcase new Marvel UK characters.[citation needed]
The story include Dr Evelyn Necker who creates Minion. In 2008, writers Dan Abnett and Andy Lanning (collectively referred to as "DnA") used Doctor Necker as a member of Project Pegasus,while writing the ongoing Nova series during that comic's involvement with Marvel's "Secret Invasion" storyline.[2] In the story, it was mentioned that Necker was working on a project to develop a cyborg called "Minion." DnA said "This is us just having fun - the Death's Head thread has recently been worked back into the Marvel Universe via Planet Hulk, and we thought we would tie a few loose ends together."[3]
Writer Paul Cornell featured Death's Head in a cameo appearance in the final issue of Captain Britain and MI13[4], appearing alongside a number of other Marvel UK characters who hadn't appeared for several years. Paul Cornell mentioned in an interview that he wrote the splash page due to #15 being the final issue and had no plans before to use Death's Head "because the character isn't actually British".[5]
A third version of Death's Head was introduced in 2005, the result of an online poll on the Marvel Comics website.[6] Fans were given the chance to choose between four existing Marvel characters - Death's Head, Woodgod, The Aquarian and Texas Twister. The winning character was to be revamped and would then receive their own storyline in Marvel's Amazing Fantasy title. Death's Head won, receiving 49% of the vote.[6]
Death's Head creator Simon Furman stated that he contacted Marvel as soon as he became aware of the poll.[7] Amazing Fantasy editor Mark Paniccia had already intended to contact Furman to ask him some questions about the character[6], and their conversation also led to Furman writing the initial Death's Head 3.0 story.
The initial Death's Head 3.0 story also included a number of elements which tied it into previous Amazing Fantasy stories - Death's Head's sentience and power source comes from AIM's attempts to first capture and then replicate the power that created Captain Universe. Issue #16 revealed the scientist that began the project was Monica Rappaccini, mother of the new Scorpion, on the back of her attempts to capture the Uni-Power in other titles. Varina Goddard is revealed via AIM records to be Monica's granddaughter.[volume & issue needed]
While the Minion project is mentioned as the reason for Death's Head being given his name, no other ties to the previous Death's Heads were included. However, Simon Furman has stated that he would "work in a little retroactive back story to create a kind of unified Death's Head-verse" if the character was revived in the future at some point.[7] In Nova #17, DnA showed the Minion project was originally based around a Death's Head "3.0" cyborg. [1]
Since the conclusion of the Amazing Fantasy storyline, other Death's Head cyborgs have appeared in the Incredible Hulk storyline Planet Hulk,[citation needed] as well as in #5 of the MODOK's 11 limited series.[volume & issue needed]
In 2006, Liam Sharp and Bryan Hitch pitched a Death's Head mini-series for Marvel's Ultimate line which was passed on. The details of the pitch are unknown, though the design for Ultimate Death's Head is available online.[8]
Death's Head's first appearance after "High Noon Tex", was in the Transformers, seeing him attempt to claim the bounty that Rodimus Prime had placed on Galvatron's head, travelling back in time to the 1980s in pursuit of his quarry. Realising the error he had made in placing the bounty, Rodimus followed him back, and stopped him from destroying Galvatron, forcibly returning him to the future.[volume & issue needed] Subsequently, Death's Head was contracted by the Decepticons to take out Rodimus Prime, a piece of business that Death's Head considered a pleasure. However, Rodimus outsmarted him, and instead paid him to terminate Cyclonus and Scourge.[volume & issue needed] Over the course of the next year, Death's Head pursued them, eventually confronting them on the Planet of Junk, where they all fell under the mental control of Unicron.
Death's Head tried to resist the control, but was manipulated into killing Shockwave, only to eventually help Rodimus Prime seal Unicron within the Matrix. Finally, prevented from escaping the scene by the explosions wracking the area, Death's Head forced himself, Cyclonus and Scourge through Unicron's time portal, vowing to kill them "another time".[volume & issue needed] However, in the course of the time travel they became separated, and while Cyclonus and Scourge wound up on Cybertron in the past, eventually joining with Scorponok and becoming Targetmasters, Death's Head instead encountered the Time Lord known as the Doctor.[volume & issue needed] As a matter of self-defense, The Doctor shrank him to human size and shot him off through time, leading him into an encounter with the future government's troubleshooting team, Dragon's Claws.[9]
Death's Head's was recovered by the Chain Gang and rebuilt (with a redesigned body) by one of their members, Spratt[10]. In exchange for this rescue, he confronted Dragon's Claws again on the Chain Gang's behalf, defeating and capturing Scavenger. When the Claws came to recover their missing member, Death's Head defeated Dragon - but opted not to kill him, instead walking away and stating that his chronometer was "a minute slow" and his contract had therefore expired. The Chain Gang were arrested and Spratt, who had escaped arrest, opted to join Death's Head.[11]
Death's Head and Spratt then relocated to the Los Angeles Resettlement, where Death's Head once again went into business as a Freelance Peacekeeping Agent.[12] Death's Head was later hired to captured the Doctor and his TARDIS, which led him to being stuck in the present day (where he confronted the Fantastic Four)[volume & issue needed] and then sent by Reed Richards to the year 2020 (where he met the Iron Man of that era and gave him friendly advice on mercenary work).[volume & issue needed] The series was ended abruptly with a cliffhanger at issue 10 due to the closure of Marvel UK's own creative team.[volume & issue needed]
In 1990, the ongoing storyline was resolved in the Marvel UK Death's Head: The Body in Question story, which was serialized in the magazine Strip before being reprinted in the Marvel Graphic Novel format.[volume & issue needed] In this story, Death's Head was becoming worried that he was started to enjoy killing and was prolonging missions for fun rather than simply doing it for money. In addition, Death's Head's origins were revealed to him for the first time.
His mechanoid body had originally been constructed to host the life energy of the techno-mage Lupex, a psychotic who hunted beings for sport and stole their bodies upon killing them. However, a woman named Pyra, who wished to steal Lupex's secrets, ultimately decided to use the mechanoid body against him. She gave it a cold and calculating business-like mind, but before it could be used against Lupex, the body was stolen by an unknown party, enlarged to the size of the Cybertronians, and catapulted through time. Death's Head was used as a pawn by Pyra, who wished to get him to a point where he could kill Lupex, while Lupex begun to hunt Death's Head with the intention of gaining his body. Driven to his mental limits and nearly killed, he eventually was able to kill Lupex and, refusing to be anything like his "father", killed him quickly while declaring he "kill[s] only for profit or survival!".[volume & issue needed]
Around this time, Death's Head's also made a few appearances in some US Marvel comics, most notably the Fantastic Four,[13] (where he was hired by the Time Variance Authority) She-Hulk[14] (where he resigned from the TVA) and Marvel Comics Presents.[15]
In the final issue of the Incomplete Death's Head, the Doctor claims to have been responsible for sending Death's Head to the Transformers universe.[volume & issue needed] Despite being a manipulative being, especially in his seventh incarnation, it could be that this claim is false. There is nothing else within Death's Head's history to substantiate this claim.
Death's Head appears in the first five issues of the S.W.O.R.D. ongoing series [16], hunting down Abigail Brand's brother. He was given a partial redesign, with his head having some elements from the Minion version. (Writer Kieron Gillen has said "if you can't bring back a time-traveling dimension-skipper, who can you bring back?".[17])
Eventually, after many undocumented adventures, Death's Head was beheaded and his personality "assimilated" into the mind of the cyborg Minion. Minion was a cyborg created by Dr. Evelyn Necker, a long-term pet project created after years of research which included the Xandarian Worldmind being temporarily uploaded into the Minion program's gestalt matrix. [18] By the year 2020, she was an employee of AIM and the final Minion (as well as its prototype Death Wreck) was designed to protect the organisation from a psychically predicted threat; it killed and assimilated the minds of multiple targets as preparation for this!".[volume & issue needed]
Death's Head's personality overwhelmed Minion's programming before it could take out its final target (Reed Richards of the Fantastic Four), and they became the gestalt lifeform that called itself Death's Head II. Death's Head II was partnered with Tuck, an artificial human from the pseudo-medieval planet of Lionheart, where humans had outlawed advanced technology and waged war against androids and cyborgs. Neo-Nazi black mage Baron Strucker IV would magically combine himself with the original Death's Head's corpse to become the supervillain Charnel,[19] a recurring enemy for Death's Head II and the threat AIM had predicted.
With other assimilated personalities mingling with that of the "freelance peacekeeper", Death's Head changed as a character, becoming a more heroic and far less amoral figure than the original, as well as losing his unique mannerisms. He hopped across time and realities in many adventures, often fighting for the greater good; in one adventure, he volunteered for a heroic sacrifice[20] whereas before he'd have required payment. He encountered many Marvel characters, including the Fantastic Four, X-Men, Spider-Man, the Hulk, and Cable, and crossed over with almost every Marvel UK character who was published at the time. He also made a cameo role in an Excalibur story set in the future.[volume & issue needed]
The original Death's Head was only ever seen again in flashbacks or within Death's Head II's gestalt mind, as well as the twelve-issue The Incomplete Death's Head limited series (which reprinted various Death's Head stories from the past with a new framing sequence), in which Death's Head and Death's Head II join forces to defeat a servant of an enemy of the original Death's Head.[volume & issue needed]
Death's Head II's design was created by artist Liam Sharp, and he was primarily scripted by Dan Abnett.
Death's Head II titles included the four-issue introductory mini-series, a sixteen-issue ongoing series, and Death's Head II Gold, a second mini-series (written by Liam Sharp), that was cancelled after the first issue.
Death's Head's exploits ultimately came to end with the second demise of Marvel UK's in house creative team, and aside from a cameo in the Avengers Forever limited series,[volume & issue needed] was not featured in a Marvel comic again until 2009. One title he guest-starred in, Loose Cannons, featured Death's Head in a guest-star role but has only been released online.[21] A planned Punisher-Death's Head II series never saw the light of day, and Liam Sharp pitched a revival that Marvel passed on.[8]
Death's Head appeared briefly in the final issue of the Captain Britain and MI13 ongoing series, as one of the MI13 reserves battling against an army of vampires on the moon. Whereas the other Marvel UK characters reintroduced in the issue were accompanied with captions explaining their long absences from the Marvel Universe (e.g. "Back from space"), Death's Head was captioned as "Just... back!", and given the line "Surprise appearance, yes?!".[volume & issue needed]
In issue #54 of the What If (vol. 2) series, Simon Furman and Geoff Senior wrote and drew a tale showing Death's Head surviving Minion's attack and later killing the cyborg; something Furman has said was "deeply satisfying and cathartic".[22] Death's Head rebuilt his injured body into a larger, more heavily-armed form; meanwhile the Minion cyborg went on to kill Reed Richards, only to be possessed by Strucker and became Charnel itself. Evelyn Necker had to hire Death's Head to stop this threat.
Using a time machine, Death's Head went back in time to gather the surviving Fantastic Four and several other superheroes, offering them a shot at avenging Reed by ending Charnel - and then let them all get killed softening up Charnel for him. Using his firepower on Charnel and goading him at not using the full potential of his gestalt mind, he got the cyborg to access these scientific minds - knowing this would allow Reed Richard's mind (still fighting within Charnel) to take control of the cyborg's motor functions, allowing him to kill it. His mission complete, Death's Head thought about the selfless, non-profit nature of heroes: "I just hope it's not catching, yes?"
The third version of Death's Head was introduced in a five-part storyline within the pages of Marvel's anthology series Amazing Fantasy, beginning in #16 (December 2005). Written by Death's Head creator Simon Furman and drawn by James Raiz, the story is set 100 years in the future and does not appear to be directly linked to the previous Death's Head stories.
Advanced Idea Mechanics are set to make peace with the UN and become a legitimate non-terrorist organisation. Hardliner AIM Senior Scientist Patricia Goddard has decided to stop the peace treaty and force AIM back underground by assassinating the UN Secretary General, using a mysterious alien cyborg in AIM's possession codenamed Death's Head. Powered and given intelligence by an artificial variant on the Uni-Power, the cyborg is sent out in to the field with preprogrammed objectives, but the clash between its murderous inclinations and an instinctive desire to help people leave it unsure what side it wants to be on.
The final panel of the Death's Head 3.0 story concludes with an image of the cyborg with mouth horns, alluding to the original Death's Head.[volume & issue needed] It is mentioned as now operating as a deniable troubleshooter for the GEIST organisation (Global Enforcement/Intelligence Symposium Taskforce), carrying out operations they can't be officially involved in for political reasons.
This incarnation of Death's Head went on to appear on Sakaar, during the Planet Hulk series.[volume & issue needed] Similar models are used by the Hulk as soldiers during the World War Hulk event[volume & issue needed] and one is used as an AIM courier in the MODOK's 11 limited series by Monica Rappaccini.[volume & issue needed]
Simen Furman mentioned in an interview in the "Death's Head Volume 2" collection that this incarnation of Death's Head is actually a precursor to the original, and that he would one day like to "round the series off in one big 'loop'."[22]
Various Death's Head comics have been collected into a number of trade paperbacks and other reprints:
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
| death | |
| skull | |
| memento mori |
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