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Digital printing

 

All printed output from a computer is technically digital. However, the term refers more to printing finished pages for brochures, journals and booklets from the computer rather than using an offset printing press and commercial printer. Although digital printer systems do not compete with high-speed newspaper and magazine presses, it is expected that these "analog" monsters will become all digital in time.

Mechanical Steps Are Eliminated

Digital printing eliminates numerous mechanical steps in the conventional printing process, including making films, color proofs, manually stripping the pieces together and making plates. Instead of cutting and folding printed "signatures" to put the pages in order, software sorts them in memory and prints them in the correct sequence.

Ready for Binding

After printing, the output goes directly to next-stage equipment that can staple, 3-hole punch or bind the paper and even turn it into postmarked packages for the mailroom. Millions of invoices, documents and booklets are printed on large digital printer assembly lines every day. See offset press and DI press.

Digital Printing Plant
These digital printing presses from Oce print over 400 pages per minute. Accepting roll-fed paper, barely visible on the far right, the printed output goes to the trimmer in the middle and then the burster on the left, which separates and stacks the pages. (Image courtesy of Oce Printing Systems USA, Inc.)

The Output Factory
This digital printing complex produces more than 10,000 finished invoices per hour. They are inserted with other boiler plate into envelopes, sealed, stamped, stacked and trayed for mailing. The Delphax printer prints 850 ppm, while the Delphax color towers apply spot color. The additional equipment is from Pitney Bowes, and software from both companies manages the system. (Image courtesy of Delphax Systems.)

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Part of the series on the
History of printing
Woodblock printing 200
Movable type 1040
Intaglio 1430
Printing press 1454
Lithography 1796
Chromolithography 1837
Rotary press 1843
Flexography 1873
Mimeograph 1876
Hot metal typesetting 1886
Offset press 1903
Screen-printing 1907
Dye-sublimation 1957
Phototypesetting 1960s
Photocopier 1960s
Pad printing 1960s
Dot matrix printer 1964
Laser printer 1969
Thermal printer 1970s
Inkjet printer 1976
3D printing 1986
Stereolithography 1986
Digital press 1993

Digital printing is the reproduction of digital images on a physical surface. It is generally used for short print runs, and for the customization of print media.

The process differs from lithography, flexography, gravure, and letterpress printing in several ways:

  • Every print can be different, because printing plates are not required, as in traditional methods.
  • There is less wasted chemical and paper, because there is no need to bring the image "up to colour" and check for registration and position.
  • The ink or toner does not permeate the substrate, as does conventional ink, but forms a thin layer on the surface and may in some systems be additionally adhered to the substrate by using a fuser fluid with heat process (toner) or UV curing process (ink).

Because there is less initial setup, it is useful for rapid prototyping, and cost effective for small print runs.

Digital Printing is used for personalized printing, or variable data printing (VDP or VI), for example personalized children's books, which are customized with the specific child's name and images. Print on Demand (POD) systems also use digital printing, for short run books of varying page quantities, and binding techniques.

References

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Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Digital printing" Read more