| Dixon of Dock Green | |
 Jack Warner as Constable George Dixon |
|
| Format | Police procedural |
|---|---|
| Created by | Ted Willis |
| Starring | Jack Warner |
| Country of origin |  United Kingdom |
| No. of episodes | 432 |
| Production | |
| Running time | 30 minutes & 50 minutes |
| Broadcast | |
| Original channel | BBC |
| Original run | 9 July 1955 – 1 May 1976 |
Dixon of Dock Green was a popular BBC television series, which ran from 1955 to 1976, and later a radio series. Despite being a drama series, it was initially produced by the BBC's light entertainment department.
Contents |
Overview
Beginning in 1955 and finally ending in 1976, Dixon of Dock Green was a popular series although its homeliness would later become a benchmark to measure the "realism" of police series such as Z Cars and The Bill. The series was set in a suburban police station in the East End of London and concerned uniformed police engaged with routine tasks and low-level crime. The ordinary, everyday nature of the people and the setting was emphasised in early episodes by the British music-hall song "Maybe it's because I'm a Londoner" with its sentimental evocations of a cosy community, being used as the series theme song. This was composed by Jeff Darnell. Unlike later police series, Dixon focused less on crime and policing and more on the family-like nature of life in the station (and at home) with Dixon, a warm, paternal and frequently moralising presence, being the central focus where crime was little more than petty larceny. Dixon lived in a small mid-terraced house on a busy road. He liked a drink, as did his police friends.
However as the 1960s and the early 1970s brought more realistic police series from both sides of the Atlantic to the British public, Dixon of Dock Green seemed increasingly unrealistic, a rosy view of the police that grew out of touch with the times. Yet the writer of the series always maintained to the end of the programme's time that stories were based on fact, and that Dixon was an accurate reflection of what goes on in an ordinary police station. One exception was the 1956 episode The Rotten Apple where Policeman Tom Carr (Paul Eddington) was found to have been burgling houses while on his beat. Dixon said there was nothing worse on Earth than a policemen who committed crimes.
The police station featured in the opening titles was the previous Ealing police station, located at number 5 High Street, just north of Ealing Green.[1][2]
Outline of characters and plots
The main character, Police Constable George Dixon, played by Jack Warner, was an old-style British "bobby" (policeman). The character first appeared in a 1950 British film by Ealing, The Blue Lamp, in which he was shot and killed by a criminal played by Dirk Bogarde. However, it was decided to bring him back to life for a television series, written by Ted Willis. Designer was Laurence Broadhouse.
If Dixon was known to the public, the actor Jack Warner was even better known. Born in London in 1896, Warner had been a comedian in radio and in his early film career. Starting in the early 1940s, he broadened his range to include dramatic roles, becoming a warmly human character actor in the process. But as well as playing in films with dramatic themes, such as The Blue Lamp, Warner continued to play in comedies such as the successful Huggett family programmes on BBC Radio and films made between 1948 and 1953.
In Dixon of Dock Green, Dixon is a "bobby" on the beat - lowest-ranking policeman on foot patrol. With the inevitable heart of gold, Dixon was a widower raising an only daughter Mary (Billie Whitelaw in early episodes, later replaced by Jeannette Hutchinson).
Subtitled in the early days: Some Stories of a London Policeman, each episode started with Dixon speaking to the camera. He began with a salute and the greeting "Good evening all"[3], which was changed to "Evening all" in the early 1970s, which has lived on in Britain as a jocular greeting. In similar fashion, episodes finished with a few words to camera from Dixon in the form of philosophy on the evils of crime.
Initially, Dixon continued in the same role as in the film The Blue Lamp, a constable based at the fictitious Dock Green police station in the East End of London. The character of Andy Mitchell (played by Jimmy Hanley), the young constable in the film, became a detective named Andy Crawford (played by Peter Byrne), in the CID at Dock Green, and he was married to Dixon's 23 year old daughter, Mary (who did not appear in the film) in the 19th episode, Father in Law (1st Sept 1956). Dixon sings a few songs at the wedding and wishes the viewers goodbye at the end of the episode (this was the end of series 2 and series 3 was four months away). The couple moved to a flat in Chelmsford.
By the end of the series, Warner was elderly and George Dixon had been promoted to Station Sergeant and given a desk job (as he had increasing difficulty moving about, helped slightly by a treatment involving bee stings). In the final series, when Warner was 80, Dixon had retired from the police.
In 2005, the series was revived for BBC radio, adapted by Sue Rodwell, with David Calder as George Dixon, David Tennant as Andy Crawford, and Charlie Brooks as Mary Dixon. A second series followed in 2006, with Hamish Clark replacing Tennant owing to the latter's Doctor Who filming commitments.
Cast
- Jack Warner ... PC George Dixon / ... (432 episodes, 1955-1976)
- Peter Byrne ... Det. Sgt. Andy Crawford / ... (424 episodes, 1955-1975)
- Geoffrey Adams ... Det. Con. 'Laudie' Lauderdale / ... (298 episodes, 1958-1972)
- Arthur Rigby ... Sgt. Flint (253 episodes, 1955-1965)
- Jeanette Hutchinson ... Mary Crawford / ... (212 episodes, 1956-1969)
- Nicholas Donnelly ... Sgt. Johnny Wills / ... (206 episodes, 1960-1976)
- Moira Mannion ... WP Sgt. Grace Millard / ... (142 episodes, 1956-1961)
- Robert Arnold ... PC Swain / ... (132 episodes, 1964-1971)
- David Webster ... Cadet Jamie MacPherson / ... (92 episodes, 1959-1962)
- Graham Ashley ... PC Tommy Hughes / ... (79 episodes, 1958-1974)
- Robert Cawdron ... Det. Insp. Cherry / ... (56 episodes, 1955-1965)
- Anthony Parker ... PC Bob Penney (56 episodes, 1957-1959)
- Anne Ridler ... WP Sgt. Chris Freeman (55 episodes, 1962-1964)
- Jocelyn Rhodes ... WPC Kay Shaw / ... (54 episodes, 1959-1971)
- John Hughes ... PC John Jones (50 episodes, 1962-1964)
- Anne Carroll ... WPC Shirley Palmer / ... (50 episodes, 1963-1966)
- Peter Thornton ... PC Burton / ... (44 episodes, 1964-1976)
- Hilda Fenemore ... Jennie Wren / ... (43 episodes, 1955-1965)
- Michael Osborne ... PC David Newton (42 episodes, 1970-1972)
- Jan Miller ... WPC Alex Johns (39 episodes, 1962-1964)
- Joe Dunlop ... Det. Con. Pearson / ... (38 episodes, 1966-1975)
Others: Geoffrey King as The Captain, Stanley Beard as Inspector Cherry, Jacqueline Stanbury as W.P.C. Hawkings, Gregory De Polnay as Det. Sgt. Brewer, Chris Sullivan as P.C. Slater, Bernard Martin as Sgt. Thomas, Colin McCormack as P.C. Wakeman.
Dixon's name
The Blue Lamp was produced by Michael Balcon, a former pupil of George Dixon School in Birmingham, which was in turn named after a local politician, George Dixon.
Release and reception
The BBC scheduled Dixon in the family time slot of 6:30 on Saturday night. At the time it started on air in 1955, the drama schedule of the BBC was mostly restricted to television plays so that Dixon of Dock Green had little trouble in building and maintaining a large and loyal audience. In 1961, the series was voted second most popular programme on British television with an estimated audience of 13.85 million. Even in 1965 after three years of the gritty and grimy procedural police-work of Z Cars, the audience for Dixon stood at 11.5 million. However as the 1960s wore on, ratings began to fall and this, with health questions around Jack Warner, led the BBC to end the series in 1976.
The series was the creation of writer Ted Willis, who not only wrote the series over its 20 years on British television but had a controlling hand in production. Longtime producer of the series was Douglas Moodie whose other television credits include The Inch Man and The Airbase. Dixon was originally produced at the BBC's studios at Lime Grove. Altogether some 430 episodes were made, at first running 30 minutes and later 45 minutes.
Missing episodes
Most of the original 432 episodes of the show are still missing, Only a handful of episodes (51 in total) still exist, due to the BBC's policy of wiping old tapes before realizing their possible historical significance- in summary:
- Season 2 (1956) The last five episodes
- Season 7 (1960) Two episodes
- Season 9 (1962) Three episodes
- Season 11 (1964) One episode
- Season 13 (1966) Five episodes
- Season 14 (1967) Seven episodes
- Season 15 (1968) Three episodes
- Season 17 (1970/1) First episode
- Season 18 (1971/2) Two episodes
- Season 20 (1974) Five episodes
- Season 21 (1975) Nine episodes
- Season 22 (1976) Complete – eight episodes.
In addition, location film sequences exist for 14 otherwise missing episodes, as follows: Season Seven (1), Season 13 (4), Season 14 (6), Season 15 (3).[4]
Bringing Dixon down to earth
In 1988, a screenplay The Black and Blue Lamp was shown on BBC TV. Two criminals, one from the 1950 film and one from the 1980s swap places in time and the one from the 80's experiences the soft policing of the Dixon TV series while the one from 1950 experiences the very harsh policing of the 80's where Dixon who has just been killed too in that time and was as bad as any copper could be.
References
- ^ Ealing and Brentford: Public services, A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 7: Acton, Chiswick, Ealing and Brentford, West Twyford, Willesden (1982), pp. 147-149. Date accessed: 10 May 2008.
- ^ McEwan, Kate (1983). Ealing Walkabout: Journeys into the history of a London borough.. Cheshire, UK.: Nick Wheatly Associates. pp. 45. ISBN 0 9508895 0 4.
- ^ http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/adults/dixon/dixon.htm
- ^ http://www.bbc.co.uk/cult/treasurehunt/missing/dixon.shtml
External links
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