A city of southwest Kansas on the Arkansas River west of Wichita. Laid out on the Santa Fe Trail in 1872, it soon became a wild and rowdy cow town whose residents included such legendary figures as Wyatt Earp and Bat Masterson. Population: 26,100.
Dodge City
| Dictionary: Dodge City |
A city of southwest Kansas on the Arkansas River west of Wichita. Laid out on the Santa Fe Trail in 1872, it soon became a wild and rowdy cow town whose residents included such legendary figures as Wyatt Earp and Bat Masterson. Population: 26,100.
| 5min Related Video: Dodge City |
| US History Encyclopedia: Dodge City |
Located on the Arkansas River in southwestern Kansas, Dodge City owes its location and much of its initial economic activity to its position as a "break in transport" where different forms of transportation meet. In September 1872, when the Santa Fe Railroad reached a point five miles east of Fort Dodge, a settlement originally known as Buffalo City emerged. For several years, hunters hauled bison hides by the cartload to Dodge City. By the late 1870s, ranchers were driving their cattle to Dodge City, whence they were shipped to feed lots and markets in the East. In 2000, Dodge City remained a regional center of the trade in livestock and other agricultural products, and its population was 25,176.
Bibliography
Haywood, C. Robert. The Merchant Prince of Dodge City: The Life and Times of Robert M. Wright. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1998.
—Andrew C. Isenberg
| Columbia Encyclopedia: Dodge City |
Dodge City, city (1990 pop. 21,129), seat of Ford co., SW Kans., on the Arkansas River; inc. 1875. The distribution center for a wheat and livestock producing area, it also packs meat and makes agricultural implements. Laid out in 1872 near Fort Dodge (1864) on the old Santa Fe Trail, it flourished as a Santa Fe railhead and became a wild cow town; Wyatt Earp and Bat Masterson were among those who helped to curb lawlessness. Fort Dodge has become a soldiers' home. The city hall, formerly located on Boot Hill, an early cowboy burial ground, has been removed to permit enlargement of that tourist attraction. Front Street, with its famous Long Branch Saloon, has been restored. The city holds an annual rodeo.
| Weather: Dodge City |
AccuWeather® Current Conditions
AccuWeather® 5-Day Forecast
Last updated
December 27, 2009 10:09
(EST)
 M/CLOUDY |
Temperature: 28°F /
-2°C
RealFeel Temperature™: 9°F / -12°C Humidity: 65% Winds: N 22 mph / 35 kmh Pressure: 30.10" Visibility: 10 mi. / 16 km |
| Sunday |
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HI:
31°F /
0°C LO: 16°F / -8°C |
| Monday |
|
HI:
35°F /
1°C LO: 15°F / -9°C |
| Tuesday |
|
HI:
42°F /
5°C LO: 17°F / -8°C |
| Wednesday |
|
HI:
37°F /
2°C LO: 19°F / -7°C |
| Thursday |
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HI:
38°F /
3°C LO: 19°F / -7°C |
| Wikipedia: Dodge City, Kansas |
For the 1939 movie, see Dodge City (1939 film).
| City of Dodge City | |
| "The Wicked Little City" | |
| Settlement | |
 Dodge City is an important center for meat packing.
|
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| Country | United States |
|---|---|
| State | Kansas |
| County | Ford |
| Elevation | 2,550 ft (777.2 m) |
| Coordinates | 37°45′35″N 100°01′06″W / 37.75972°N 100.01833°W |
| Area | 12.7 sq mi (32.9 km2) |
| - land | 12.6 sq mi (33 km2) |
| - water | 0.1 sq mi (0 km2), 0.79% |
| Population | 26,678 (2008) |
| Density | 2,069 /sq mi (798.8 /km2) |
| Founded | 1872 |
| Mayor | Kent Smoll[1] |
| Timezone | CST (UTC-6) |
| - summer (DST) | CDT (UTC-5) |
| Area code | 620 |
| Named after | Colonel Richard Irving Dodge |
 Location of Dodge City in Kansas
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 Location of Kansas in the United States
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| Website: http://www.dodgecity.org/ | |
Dodge City is a city in and the county seat of Ford County, Kansas, USA. It was named after Colonel Richard Irving Dodge.[2][3] The population was 25,176 at the 2000 census. The city's name is well known to generations of Americans, as the long-running old-time radio and television Western drama program Gunsmoke was set in Dodge City.
Contents |
History
Origins
The first settlement in the area that became Dodge City was Fort Mann. Built by civilians in 1847, Fort Mann was intended to provide protection for travelers on the Santa Fe Trail. Fort Mann collapsed in 1848 after an Indian attack. In 1850, the U.S. Army arrived to provide protection in the region and constructed Fort Atkinson on the old Fort Mann site. The army abandoned Fort Atkinson in 1853. Military forces on the Santa Fe Trail were reestablished further north and east at Fort Larned in 1859, but the area around what would become Dodge City remained vacant until after the Civil War. In 1865, as the Indian Wars in the West began heating up, the army constructed Fort Dodge to assist Fort Larned in providing protection on the Santa Fe Trail. Fort Dodge remained in operation until 1882.
The town of Dodge City can trace its origins to 1871 when rancher Henry J. Sitler built a sod house west of Fort Dodge to oversee his cattle operations in the region. Conveniently located near the Santa Fe Trail and Arkansas River, Sitler's house quickly became a stopping point for travelers. With the Santa Fe Railroad rapidly approaching from the east, others saw the commercial potential of the region. In 1872, just five miles (8 km) west of Fort Dodge, settlers platted out and founded the town of Dodge City. George M. Hoover established the first bar in a tent to service thirsty soldiers from Fort Dodge. The railroad arrived in September to find a town ready and waiting for business. The early settlers in Dodge City traded in buffalo bones and hides and provided a civilian community for Fort Dodge. However, with the arrival of the railroad, Dodge City soon became involved in the cattle trade.
Cattle trade
The idea of driving Texas longhorn cattle from Texas to railheads in Kansas originated in the late 1850s[citation needed] but was cut short by the Civil War. In 1866, the first Texas cattle started arriving in Baxter Springs in southeastern Kansas by way of the Shawnee Trail. However, Texas longhorn cattle carried a tick that spread splenic fever among other breeds of cattle. Known locally as Texas Fever, alarmed Kansas farmers persuaded the Kansas State Legislature to establish a quarantine line in central Kansas. The quarantine prohibited Texas longhorns from the heavily settled, eastern portion of the state.
With the cattle trade forced west, Texas longhorns began moving north along the Chisholm Trail. In 1867, the main Cow Town was Abilene, Kansas. Profits were high, and other towns quickly joined in the cattle boom. Newton in 1871; Ellsworth in 1872; and Wichita in 1872. However, in 1876 the Kansas State Legislature responded to pressure from farmers settling in central Kansas and once again shifted the quarantine line westward, which essentially eliminated Abilene and the other Cow Towns from the cattle trade. With no place else to go, Dodge City suddenly became Queen of the Cow Towns.
A new route, known as the Great Western Cattle Trail, or Western Trail, branched off from the Chisholm Trail to lead cattle into Dodge City. Dodge City became a boomtown, with thousands of cattle passing annually through its stockyards. The peak years of the cattle trade in Dodge City were from 1883 to 1884, and during that time the town grew tremendously. In 1880, Dodge City got a new competitor for the cattle trade from the border town of Caldwell. For a few years the competition between the towns was fierce, but there were enough cattle for both towns to prosper. Nevertheless, it was Dodge City that became famous, and rightly so because no town could match Dodge City's reputation as a true frontier settlement of the Old West. Dodge City had more famous (and infamous) gunfighters working at one time or another than any other town in the West, many of whom participated in the Dodge City War of 1883. It also boasted the usual array of saloons, gambling halls, and brothels established to separate a lonely cowboy from his hard-earned cash, including the famous Long Branch Saloon and China Doll brothel. For a time in 1884, Dodge City even had a bullfighting ring where Mexican bullfighters imported from Mexico would put on a show with specially chosen longhorn bulls.
As more agricultural settlers moved into western Kansas, pressure on the Kansas State Legislature to do something about splenic fever increased. Consequently, in 1885 the quarantine line was extended across the state and the Western Trail was all but shut down. By 1886, the cowboys, saloon keepers, gamblers, and brothel owners moved west to greener pastures, and Dodge City became a sleepy little town much like other communities in western Kansas.
Geography
Dodge City is located at 37°45′35″N 100°1′6″W / 37.75972°N 100.01833°W on the High Plains in southwestern Kansas.[5] The Arkansas River flows east through the city. Dodge City lies above the world’s largest underground water system, the Ogallala Aquifer, and is only 25 miles (40 km) from the eastern edge of the Hugoton Natural Gas Area.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 12.7 square miles (32.9 km²), of which 12.6 square miles (32.7 km²) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.3 km²) (0.86%) is water.
Climate
Dodge City tops the list of windiest U.S. cities with an average speed of 13.9 mph (22.4 km/h).[6]
| Weather data for Dodge City, Kansas, USA | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
| Record high °F (°C) | 80 (27) |
86 (30) |
98 (37) |
100 (38) |
105 (41) |
110 (43) |
109 (43) |
109 (43) |
106 (41) |
98 (37) |
91 (33) |
86 (30) |
|
| Average high °F (°C) | 41 (5) |
48 (9) |
57 (14) |
67 (19) |
76 (24) |
87 (31) |
93 (34) |
91 (33) |
82 (28) |
70 (21) |
55 (13) |
44 (7) |
|
| Average low °F (°C) | 19 (-7) |
24 (-4) |
31 (-1) |
41 (5) |
52 (11) |
62 (17) |
67 (19) |
66 (19) |
57 (14) |
44 (7) |
30 (-1) |
22 (-6) |
|
| Record low °F (°C) | -20 (-29) |
-26 (-32) |
-15 (-26) |
9 (-13) |
19 (-7) |
36 (2) |
46 (8) |
43 (6) |
29 (-2) |
10 (-12) |
-13 (-25) |
-21 (-29) |
|
| Precipitation inches (mm) | 0.62 (15.7) |
0.66 (16.8) |
1.84 (46.7) |
2.25 (57.2) |
3.00 (76.2) |
3.15 (80) |
3.17 (80.5) |
2.73 (69.3) |
1.70 (43.2) |
1.45 (36.8) |
1.01 (25.7) |
0.77 (19.6) |
|
| Source: The Weather Channel[7] 23 Nov 2009 | |||||||||||||
Demographics
| Historical populations | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1880 | 996 |
|
|
| 1890 | 1,763 | 77.0% | |
| 1900 | 1,942 | 10.2% | |
| 1910 | 3,214 | 65.5% | |
| 1920 | 5,061 | 57.5% | |
| 1930 | 10,059 | 98.8% | |
| 1940 | 8,487 | −15.6% | |
| 1950 | 11,262 | 32.7% | |
| 1960 | 13,520 | 20.0% | |
| 1970 | 14,127 | 4.5% | |
| 1980 | 18,001 | 27.4% | |
| 1990 | 21,129 | 17.4% | |
| 2000 | 25,176 | 19.2% | |
As of the census[8] of 2000, there were 25,176 people, 8,395 households, and 5,968 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,995.8 people per square mile (770.9/km²). There were 8,976 housing units at an average density of 711.6/sq mi (274.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 71.43% White, 1.94% African American, 0.69% Native American, 2.37% Asian, 0.15% Pacific Islander, 20.82% from other races, and 2.61% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 42.87% of the population.
There were 8,395 households out of which 41.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.1% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.9% were non-families. 23.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.94 and the average family size was 3.46.
In the city the population was spread out with 31.2% under the age of 18, 12.3% from 18 to 24, 30.0% from 25 to 44, 16.5% from 45 to 64, and 10.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females there were 106.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.2 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $37,156, and the median income for a family was $41,672. Males had a median income of $26,881 versus $22,064 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,538. About 11.1% of families and 13.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.4% of those under age 18 and 9.1% of those age 65 or over.
Education
The elementary and high school population is served by the Dodge City Public Schools district.
Dodge City Community College serves first and second year college students, and the community at large. The campus, which encompasses a lake and jogging trail, sits on 145 acres (0.59 km2) in northwest Dodge City. It boasts an online student newspaper, a television station, an astronomy center with two telescopes, an electron microscope, and the third largest athletic training room in the state of Kansas. It is the only college or university in the state of Kansas operating both FM and AM radio stations. Enrollment is approximately 2,000 students each semester.
Sports
Dodge City has a minor-league basketball team, the Dodge City Legend. The Legend is a member of the United States Basketball League (USBL). The Legend have won three championship titles in the USBL.
From 1970 to 1980, the annual Boot Hill Bowl post-season college football game was played in Dodge City. The bowl was sanctioned by the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics and featured schools such as Washburn University and Emporia State University. The last game was played on November 21, 1980.[9]
Historic landmarks
Santa Fe Trail Remains (also known as Santa Fe Trail Ruts), located nine miles (14 km) west of Dodge City on US 50, is a two-mile (3 km) section of the former 1,200-mile (1,900 km) long Santa Fe Trail that is the "longest continuous stretch of clearly defined Santa Fe Trail rut remains in Kansas." It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1963. There are other sections of Santa Fe Trail ruts that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
The 19th century buildings of historic Front Street were demolished in an "urban renewal" project in 1970.
Transportation
Media
Newspapers
- The Dodge City Daily Globe, daily[10]
- The High Plains Journal, weekly[11]
- The Southwest Kansas Register, weekly, published by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Dodge City[12]
Radio
The following radio stations are licensed to Dodge City:
AM
| Frequency | Callsign[13] | Format[14] | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1370 | KGNO | Talk | |
| 1550 | KDCC | Variety |
FM
| Frequency | Callsign[15] | Format[14] | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 89.9 | KAIG | Contemporary Christian | Air 1 |
| 91.9 | KONQ | Variety | DCCC college radio |
| 92.9 | K225AG | Public | NPR; Translator of KANZ, Garden City, Kansas[16] |
| 93.9 | KZRD | Active Rock | |
| 95.5 | KAHE | Oldies | |
| 95.5 | KERP | Country | |
| 102.1 | KODC-LP | Christian |
Television
The following television stations are licensed to Dodge City:
| Digital Channel | Analog Channel | Callsign[17] | Network | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 | KDCK | PBS | ||
| 29 | KSAS-LP | Fox | Translator of KSAS-TV, Wichita, Kansas | |
| 43 | K43HN | TBN | ||
| 50 | K50HS |
Notable natives
- Dennis Hopper, actor and film-maker
- Lila Leeds, actress
- David Laurin Ricken, bishop of Roman Catholic Diocese of Cheyenne
Historical visitors and temporary residents
A number of famous names associated with the American West have either passed through Dodge City or made it a temporary residence. Some of these include:
|
In popular culture
- One of the downtown streets in present-day Dodge City is called Gunsmoke Street, so named because of Dodge City's serving as the setting of the long-running television western Gunsmoke.
- Dodge City is featured in the computer game Gun.
References
- ^ http://www.dodgecity.org/FAQ.asp?QID=55
- ^ Wright, Robert M. Dodge City, The Cowboy Capital, 1913.
- ^ Schmidt, Heinie, Fort Dodge State Soldiers' Home, High Plains Journal, January 15, 1948.
- ^ [1]
- ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2005-05-03. http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/avgwind.html
- ^ "Average weather for Dodge City, Kansas". The Weather Channel. http://www.weather.com/outlook/travel/businesstraveler/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USKS0152?from=36hr_bottomnav_business. Retrieved 2009-11-23.
- ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ Games
- ^ "About this Newspaper: The Dodge City daily globe". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84029856/. Retrieved 2009-09-27.
- ^ "About this Newspaper: The High Plains journal". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn78001242/. Retrieved 2009-09-27.
- ^ "About this Newspaper: The Southwest Kansas register". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn78003977/. Retrieved 2009-09-27.
- ^ "AMQ AM Radio Database Query". Federal Communications Commission. http://www.fcc.gov/mb/audio/amq.html. Retrieved 2009-09-27.
- ^ a b "Station Information Profile". Arbitron. http://www.arbitron.com/radio_stations/station_information.htm. Retrieved 2009-09-27.
- ^ "FMQ FM Radio Database Query". Federal Communications Commission. http://www.fcc.gov/mb/audio/fmq.html. Retrieved 2009-09-27.
- ^ "HPPR Signal Map". High Plains Public Radio. http://www.hppr.org/map.html. Retrieved 2009-11-23.
- ^ "TVQ TV Database Query". Federal Communications Commission. http://www.fcc.gov/fcc-bin/audio/tvq.html. Retrieved 2009-09-27.
Bibliography
- Dykstra, Robert R. The Cattle Towns. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1968. ISBN 0-8032-6561-1
- Miner, Craig. West of Wichita: Settling the High Plains of Kansas, 1865-1890. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1988. ISBN 0-7006-0364-6
- Vestal, Stanley. Dodge City: Queen of Cowtowns: "the Wickedest Little City in America" 1872-1886. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1998. ISBN 0-8032-9617-7
External links
- Dodge City Official Website
- General Grenville Dodge History
- Dodge City History
- Santa Fe Trail Research
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Mentioned in
- Boot Hill
- Earp, Wyatt (History)
- King of Dodge City (1941 Western Film)
- Masterson, William Barclay (American frontier marshal and journalist)
- Bonanza Town (1951 Western Film)
- Desperadoes of Dodge City (1948 Western Film)
- Dodge City (1939 Western Film)
- Dodge City Trail (American history)
- Fort Dodge (city, Iowa)
- Vernon (city, Texas)
- O'Rourke vs. O'Reilly: F Troop (TV Episode) (1965 TV Episode)
- Matt Gets It: Gunsmoke (TV Episode) (1955 Western TV Episode)
- Night Visitor: Gunsmoke (TV Episode) (1955 TV Episode)
- Kite's Reward: Gunsmoke (TV Episode) (1955 TV Episode)
