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Doris Stokes

 
(1920-1987)

British psychic who established a worldwide reputation for her clairaudience. Born Doris Sutton, January 6, 1920, in Grantham, Lincolnshire, she grew up in poverty. Her father was gassed in World War I and retired on a small pension; Doris's mother was obliged to take in laundry work to augment the family income. Her father died while Doris was still in school. She left school at age 14 and became a nurse. During this period she discovered she had psychic abilities, but they remained undeveloped.

At 24, she married John Stokes, an army paratrooper. During World War II, she was officially notified that her husband had been killed in action. Reportedly, her dead father appeared to her, however, and stated that her husband was alive and would return, which he did.

Later Doris had another vision, in which her father appeared again to warn her that her baby son would soon die but that he would take good care of him after death. Although the child was perfectly healthy, he died at the time and date predicted. Subsequently John and Doris attended a local Spiritual-ist church, where Doris claimed she was told that she would become a medium. She was unwilling at first, but gradually her mediumship developed. It principally took the form of hearing spirit voices.

In her autobiography, Voices in My Ear (1980), she describes the problems and temptations of a young medium. She was often worried about losing continuity with the spirit voices and the members of the audience for whom the messages came. She was advised by a visiting medium to use one of the "tricks of the trade" by arriving at the meeting early, listening to what people said to each other, then slipping away and writing down conversations and names, to be used later to keep contact between the spirit voices and the audience.

It seemed like cheating, she said, but at her next meeting Stokes tried it, and it was successful, until in the middle of a communication that had been "helped out" in this way contact with the spirit voice was suddenly broken. She struggled to continue, but dried up and had to break off. After two more spirit communications, her spirit guide, "Ramonov," supposedly told her to go back to the recipient of the message and apologize.

This happened at two meetings, after which Stokes determined never again to help out spirit communications in that way, in spite of the fear she felt at losing contact. After that, she openly admitted it to the audience if she lost contact with the spirit voices and simply tried to reestablish the link. She warned other developing mediums to be brave enough to admit it if no messages were being received. In 1948 her credentials as a bona fide clairaudient were endorsed by the Spiritualists National Union in England.

In more than thirty years of mediumship, Stokes attracted large and enthusiastic audiences and also appeared on popular radio and television shows in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. She often dumbfounded skeptical reporters and presenters by the accuracy of her spirit messages. Her reputation as a Spiritualist superstar was phenomenal. On her Australian tour, she packed the massive Sydney Opera House three nights in a row, and a private plane was chartered to take her from city to city. A television soap opera was postponed to make room for her.

Yet this international fame came only in later life. Prior to the mid-1970s, she had lived in modest circumstances in Lancaster, working as a nurse, or giving her mediumistic services to Spiritualist churches for no more than modest traveling expenses, sometimes giving private consultations for £1 (two or three dollars).

Stokes moved to London and became well known as a clairaudient medium, but she never ceased to be amazed by her growing fame. She made no showbiz concessions but appeared on stage in a simple frock, sitting in an armchair, and speaking to her audience in colloquial language.

Her fame attracted derisive and often hostile criticism from skeptics, but she met controversy head on and would not be bullied. In 1980 she appeared on a British television show with professional magician James Randi, who denounced her (without evidence) as a liar and a fake. When Doris challenged Randi to appear with her and prove her a fake, he declined.

In addition to Voices in My Ear Doris Stokes wrote several other popular books of reminiscences: More Voices in My Ear (1981), Innocent Voices in My Ear (1983), A Host of Voices (1984), Whispering Voices (1985), Voices of Love (1986), and Joyful Voices (1987). Their combined sales exceeded two million copies. Unfortunately, in her last years, she was quite ill and had to go through several operations. She died May 8, 1987, two weeks after surgery for removal of a brain tumor.

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Doris May Fisher Stokes (January 6, 1920 - May 8, 1987), born Doris Sutton, was a British spiritualist. Her memoirs, public performances, and television appearances helped to raise the profile of spiritualism and promoted a resurgence of interest in psychic phenomena in the 1980s.[citation needed]

She was a controversial figure, with some believing her to possess psychic abilities, while sceptics stated that her performances amounted to nothing more than cold reading,[1] a technique used to create the illusion of clairvoyance.

Contents

Early life

Stokes was born in Grantham, Lincolnshire, England. In her memoirs she claimed that she started seeing spirits and hearing disembodied voices in childhood, and developed these abilities further once she joined a local spiritualist church. She was recognised as a practising clairaudient medium by the Spiritualists' National Union in 1949.[2]

During a crisis of confidence in 1962, she gave up her work as a medium and retrained as a psychiatric nurse, but had to retire five years later following an attack by a patient. She returned to her psychic work and in 1975 became the resident medium at the Spiritualist Association of Great Britain.[2]

Career

She first came to public attention in 1978 during a visit to Australia, when she appeared on The Don Lane Show. In the wave of interest that followed her appearance, she played to three capacity audiences at the Sydney Opera House. She was also the first medium to appear at the London Palladium, with the tickets selling out in two hours.[3] In 1980, her first, ironically ghost-written, autobiographical volume, Voices In My Ear: The Autobiography of a Medium was published, pulling her further into the public eye in the UK. Over two million copies of her books were sold.[2]

Stokes received much condemnation from the Church of England and other Christian denominations, which objected to spirit communication as "an offence to God". She would counter that her work was done for God[2] and in accordance with the Bible's injunction to "test the spirits to see if they (were) good".

She was also accused of using various forms of deception to achieve the effect of communicating with the dead. These included cold reading,[4] eavesdropping, and planting accomplices in the audience.[5][6] Guardian columnist Simon Hoggart claims that Stokes' husband, John Stokes, would take information from those who called to ask for sittings, offer them free tickets for public performances, then forward their information to his wife to be presented during the show.[7] However, positive testimonials continue to come forward from Eamonn Holmes[8] and Dale Winton.[9]

In her book, Voices in my Ear, Stokes claimed that she had solved two murder cases in England. However, Detective Chief Superintendent William Brooks of the Lancashire Constabulary stated that Stokes made no contribution whatsoever to the detection of either murder.[10]

Whilst in Beverly Hills, Los Angeles, she also claimed that local murder victim Vic Weiss had contacted her with details of his murder. Former magician and high-profile sceptic, James Randi, contacted the LAPD, who informed him that all of the information supplied by Stokes had been available to the media at the time.[10] Stokes was unable to provide any new information to the police and the case remains unsolved.[11]

When challenged, Stokes was observed to defend herself against critics with messages claimed as containing accurate information by her sitters. However, she was unable to give any information that could not have been obtained by simply cold reading. Her seven volumes of autobiography document the various tests she underwent to determine the source of her information. One examination involved her subject to a lie detector, another required her to undergo hypnosis and be questioned about her methods.

Described variously as "an individual of great personal warmth", "the Gracie Fields of the psychic world"[12] and "a ruthless moneymaking confidence artist",[13] she continued to give free consultations or "sittings" until a month before her death, when she left only £15,291.[2]

Stokes's health was poor throughout her life. Her thirteen or so cancer operations included a mastectomy, and the April 1987 removal of a brain tumour, after which she did not regain consciousness. She died in Lewisham, London on 8 May, 1987.[2] At the end of her last memoir, published after her death but completed before her final operation, she reported a disembodied voice telling her "Your life on Earth is over, your life in spirit has begun."

References

  1. ^ Randi, James. "The Art of Cold Reading". James Randi Educational Foundation. http://www.randi.org/library/coldreading/index.html. Retrieved 2007-02-03. 
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Stokes, Doris May Fisher". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. June 2004. 
  3. ^ Young, Robin (2004-09-23). "Frauds who dealt in cheesecloth and charm". The Times: pp. 3. 
  4. ^ "A nice little earner in the futures market". The Sunday Times: pp. 3. 1997-08-17. 
  5. ^ Fanshawe, Simon (2005-09-17). "I know what you're thinking There is, says the US 'mind reader' Marc Salem, no such thing as reading minds. But being able to read people's signs and signals, he tells Simon Fanshawe, can be elevated to an art form where science meets our enduring need for mystery". Financial Times: pp. 1. 
  6. ^ Lewis Smith, Victor (2001-07-20). "He's just Telly Pathetic". Evening Standard: pp. 35. 
  7. ^ Hoggart, Simon (2004-09-25). "Looking for a seat? Let a Lib Dem help". The Guardian: pp. 14. 
  8. ^ "Be my guests: One week to go countdown to Christmas". Daily Mail: pp. 74. 2005-12-17. 
  9. ^ Winton, Dale (2002-09-01). "We broke down the door ... my beautiful mother was lying dead on the bed". The Mail on Sunday: pp. 49. 
  10. ^ a b Plummer, Mark (1981). "Doris Stokes Wrong - Police" (PDF). the Skeptic 1 (1): 1. http://www.skeptics.com.au/journal/vol1no1.pdf. Retrieved 2007-01-03. 
  11. ^ Connelly, Michael (1989-06-11). "Who Shot Vic Weiss". Los Angeles Times. http://www.michaelconnelly.com/Other_Words/Who_Shot_Vic_Weiss_/who_shot_vic_weiss_.html. Retrieved 2007-01-03. "Ten years later, Weiss' killing remains unsolved and one of the San Fernando Valley's most puzzling mysteries." 
  12. ^ Calman, Stephanie (1984-06-25). "Doris calls heaven and makes them happy". The Times: pp. 9. 
  13. ^ James, Keith (2003-09-16). "Letters: My message from Doris". Daily Mail: pp. 57. 

Bibliography

  • Voices In My Ear, Doris Stokes with Linda Dearsley (1980)
  • More Voices In My Ear, Doris Stokes with Linda Dearsley (1981)
  • Innocent Voices In My Ear, Doris Stokes with Linda Dearsley (1983)
  • A Host of Voices, Doris Stokes with Pam and Mike Kiddey (1984)
  • Whispering Voices, Doris Stokes with Linda Dearsley (1985)
  • Voices of Love, Doris Stokes with Linda Dearsley (1986)
  • Joyful Voices, Doris Stokes with Linda Dearsley (1987)
  • Voices: a Doris Stokes Collection, Doris Stokes
  • A Host of Voices: The Second Doris Stokes Collection, Doris Stokes
  • Doris Stokes Compendium, Doris Stokes with Linda Dearsley (1988)
  • A Tribute to Doris Stokes, Linda Dearsley (1988)

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