- For the Mortal Kombat character, see Onaga. See also Dragon King (disambiguation)
The four Dragon Kings (龍王; pinyin: Lóng Wáng) are, in
Chinese mythology, the divine rulers of the four seas
(each sea corresponds to one of the cardinal directions). Although Dragon Kings
appear in their true forms as dragons, they have the ability to shapeshift into human form. The Dragon Kings live in crystal palaces, guarded by shrimp soldiers and
crab generals.
Besides ruling over the aquatic life, the Dragon Kings also manipulate clouds and
rain. When enraged, they can flood cities. According to The Short
Stories on the Tang People (唐人傳奇 Tangren Chuanqi), the Qian Tang Dragon King did
just that when he found out his niece had been abused by her husband. Qian Tang also ate the abusive husband.
The Dragon King of the Eastern Sea (Donghai) is said to have the largest
territory.
Dragon Kings appeared commonly in literature. Detailed descriptions were given of the finery of their crystal palaces. In the
Chinese classical novel Journey to the West, a Dragon King is one of the main
characters in the tenth chapter.
- Dragon of the East: áo guǎng (敖廣)
- Dragon of the South: áo qīn (敖欽)
- Dragon of the West: áo rùn (敖閏)
- Dragon of the North: áo shùn (敖順)
Temples
There are numerous temples dedicated to Dragon Kings in China. One temple in Beijing was built during the Yuan Dynasty and renovated in the early
21st century. Chao-Tian Palace (朝天宮) of Beigang Township
(北港鎮), Yunlin, devoted to the Goddess Mazu, also
has human-shaped statues for the four Dragon Kings, each riding on a dragon. In contrast to the Dragon Kings, Mazu, although also
a deity of sea, is a motherly figure who never wreaks havoc.
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